响应面优化淫羊藿抗氧化多酚超声提取工艺

以总多酚得率和DPPH自由基清除率为指标,采用响应面设计法优化淫羊藿抗氧化活性多酚超声提取工艺。结果表明以多酚得率为指标时,最佳工艺条件为：57％乙醇,料液比28 mL／g,在50℃下超声提取25 min,总多酚得率为34．58 mg／g;以DPPH自由基清除率为指标时,最佳工艺条件为：58％乙醇,料液比30 mL／g,在50℃下超声提取22 min, DPPH自由基清除率为88．4％。     

静磁场对黑胡椒提取物抗氧化活性的影响

将不同强度的静磁场分别作用于浸提、黑胡椒提取物预处理及抗氧化活性测定过程,研究磁场作用于不同过程对黑胡椒提取物抗氧化活性的影响.通过测定黑胡椒提取物体外条件下对1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(DPPH)自由基的清除能力和对铁氰化钾的还原能力来评价黑胡椒提取物的抗氧化活性.结果表明,静磁场能够改变黑胡椒提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力和还原能力,但磁场作用于不同过程,其影响结果不同.静磁场作用于浸提和预处理过程时,黑胡椒提取物的抗氧化活性会受到抑制;静磁场作用于抗氧化活性测定过程时,黑胡椒提取物清除DPPH自由基的能力受到抑制,但其还原能力明显增强.     

Free Radical Scavenging and Cellular Antioxidant Properties of Astaxanthin

Astaxanthin is a coloring agent which is used as a feed additive in aquaculture nutrition. Recently, potential health benefits of astaxanthin have been discussed which may be partly related to its free radical scavenging and antioxidant properties. Our electron spin resonance (ESR) and spin trapping data suggest that synthetic astaxanthin is a potent free radical scavenger in terms of diphenylpicryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and galvinoxyl free radicals. Furthermore, astaxanthin dose-dependently quenched singlet oxygen as determined by photon counting. In addition to free radical scavenging and singlet oxygen quenching properties, astaxanthin induced the antioxidant enzyme paroxoanase-1, enhanced glutathione concentrations and prevented lipid peroxidation in cultured hepatocytes. Present results suggest that, beyond its coloring properties, synthetic astaxanthin exhibits free radical scavenging, singlet oxygen quenching, and antioxidant activities which could probably positively affect animal and human health.     

Effect of Peptide Size on Antioxidant Properties of African Yam Bean Seed (Sphenostylis stenocarpa) Protein Hydrolysate Fractions

Enzymatic hydrolysate of African yam bean seed protein isolate was prepared by treatment with alcalase. The hydrolysate was further fractionated into peptide sizes of <1, 1-3, 3-5 and 5-10 kDa using membrane ultrafiltration. The protein hydrolysate (APH) and its membrane ultrafiltration fractions were assayed for in vitro antioxidant activities. The <1 kDa peptides exhibited significantly better (p < 0.05) ferric reducing power, diphenyl-1-picryhydradzyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities when compared to peptide fractions of higher molecular weights. The high activity of <1 kDa peptides in these antioxidant assay systems may be related to the high levels of total hydrophobic and aromatic amino acids. In comparison to glutathione (GSH), the APH and its membrane fractions had significantly higher (p < 0.05) ability to chelate metal ions. In contrast, GSH had significantly greater (p < 0.05) ferric reducing power and free radical scavenging activities than APH and its membrane fractions. The APH and its membrane fractions effectively inhibited lipid peroxidation, results that were concentration dependent. The activity of APH and its membrane fractions against linoleic acid oxidation was higher when compared to that of GSH but lower than that of butylated hydroxyl toluene (BHT). The results show potential use of APH and its membrane fractions as antioxidants in the management of oxidative stress-related metabolic disorders and in the prevention of lipid oxidation in food products.     

广南天料木茎抗氧化活性研究

以抗坏血酸(Vc)、二叔丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)和芦丁(Rutin)为阳性对照,利用酶标仪,采用二苯代苦味肼基自由基(DPPH)法、铁离子还原总抗氧化力(FRAP)法两种微量体外抗氧化活性分析方法对广南天料木茎加速溶剂萃取物及常规溶剂提取物进行评价。研究表明,乙酸乙酯加速溶剂萃取物(ASE-EtOAc,EC50=20.8 mg/L)清除DPPH自由基的能力最强,但弱于阳性对照。二氯甲烷加速溶剂萃取物(ASE-DCM)还原Fe3+能力最强〔FRAP值=(793.3±45.7)mol TE/g〕,强于阳性对照BHT,弱于阳性对照Vc和Rutin。常规水提取物(W)清除DPPH自由基的能力和还原Fe3+能力最弱。综合比较发现,常规正丁醇提取物(NBA)抗氧化能力较强、制备简单,具有更为广阔的研究与应用前景。     

微波提取蕨菜总黄酮及其抗氧化性研究

为了探明蕨菜中总黄酮类物质微波提取工艺及其抗氧化性,为其进一步的利用开发提供依据,以蕨菜为原料,采用单因素正交实验结合,研究了微波温度、提取时间、乙醇浓度、料液比等工艺参数对总黄酮含量的影响。结果表明蕨菜总黄酮的微波萃取工艺为:萃取温度70℃、乙醇浓度80%、萃取时间10min、固液比1:40,该条件下的提取率为1.78%。蕨菜总黄酮的抗氧化性随着浓度的升高而增强,当总黄酮浓度为0.89mg/L时,羟基自由基(·OH)清除率为65.1%,当总黄酮浓度为11.15mg/L时,对DPPH自由基的清除率达86.5%。     

马铃薯皮中多酚类物质的抗氧化性研究

通过体外抗氧化体系测定马铃薯皮多酚的抗氧化活性。除超氧阴离子的能力;马铃薯皮多酚清除羟基自由基的能力;马铃薯皮多酚清除DPPH自由基的能力;马铃薯皮多酚对油脂的抗氧化能力。马铃薯皮多酚对超氧阴离子的清除率最高达18.33%,且在低浓度清除能力明显高于同浓度抗坏血酸(Vc);马铃薯皮多酚对羟基自由基的清除率最高达92.26%。对DPPH自由基清除率最高达86.08%。油脂中添加马铃薯皮多酚提取液,可以明显降低油脂的过氧化值(POV)。马铃薯皮多酚对超氧阴离子,羟基自由基和DPPH自由基都有很好的清除效果,且在一定程度上降低油脂过氧化值随时间而延长的程度,是很好的天然抗氧化剂。     

Antioxidant Activities of Extract and Fractions from the Hypocotyls of the Mangrove Plant Kandelia candel

The antioxidant activities of 70% acetone extract (70% AE) from the hypocotyls of the mangrove plant Kandelia candel and its fractions of petroleum ether (PF), ethyl acetate (EF), water (WF), and the LF (WF fraction further purified through a Sephadex LH-20 column), were investigated by the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging and ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The results showed that all the extract and fractions possessed potent antioxidant activity. There was a significant linear correlation between the total phenolics concentration and the ferric reducing power or free radical scavenging activity of the extract and fractions. Among the extract and fractions, the LF fraction exhibits the best antioxidant performance. The MALDT-TOF MS and HPLC analyses revealed that the phenolic compounds associated with the antioxidant activity of the LF fraction contains a large number of procyanidins and a small amount of prodelphinidins, and the epicatechin is the main extension unit.     

木质素抗氧化性研究

采用DPPH法对浓度范围为50~500μg/mL七组浓度下的木质素磺酸钠水溶液和浓度范围为50~300μg/mL六组浓度下的碱木质素水溶液的抗氧化性进行了研究,绘制了两种木质素与DPPH的反应动力学曲线。研究结果表明:浓度为400μg/mL的木质素磺酸钠与其他浓度的木质素磺酸钠水溶液相比,对DPPH清除能力最强,反应终止时,对DPPH的清除率达97.4%;浓度为200μg/mL和250μg/mL的碱木质素对DPPH的清除能力相当,且高于其他浓度,反应终止时,对DPPH的清除率分别为93.9%和94.6%。     

蜜环菌菌索抗氧化作用初步研究

以芦丁为对照,从活性氧自由基清除效果及对DPPH自由基清除能力等方面对云南昭通蜜环菌乙醇提取物的抗氧化活性进行实验研究。结果表明:云南昭通蜜环菌乙醇提取物对光照核黄素自氧化产生的超氧阴离子、Fenton反应产生的羟自由基和DPPH自由基均有一定的清除作用,对DPPH·的清除率最高,而对超氧阴离子的清除能力较低。     

百香果籽油的抗氧化活性研究

以百香果籽油清除羟基自由基能力和对超氧阴离子自由基的清除能力为指标,研究了百香果籽油的抗氧化活性。同时进一步采用Schaal烘箱法处理油样,在时间变化下,以过氧化值为指标,研究百香果籽油对花生油脂的抗氧化作用。实验结果表明,百香果籽油具有很好的清除超氧阴离子自由基的作用,抑制率维持在66%～95%之间;有较好的清除羟自由基作用,清除率能达到81.7%;对花生油脂有较好的抗氧化作用,抗氧化因子PF为1.67。百香果籽油具有较好的抗氧化能力。     

龙虾壳红色素的体外抗氧化性研究

为有效利用龙虾壳废弃物,研究了虾红素的抗氧化性。分别采用邻二氮菲-Fe2+氧化法、DPPH自由基测定法、过氧阴离子测定法和猪油的过氧化值测定法,探讨虾红素和维生素C在清除羟基自由基、DPPH自由基、过氧阴离子和抑制猪油自氧化的能力。结果表明:虾红素能有效抑制猪油的氧化,对羟自由基的清除率比维生素C高,对DPPH的清除率,当浓度升高至60μg.mL-1时,与维生素C接近。表明虾红素有明显的抗氧化活性。     

虎杖中抗氧化成分的提取分离及其活性研究

提取了虎杖中具有抗氧化活性的总蒽醌(TA),并从总蒽醌中依次分离出强酸成分(SAP)、中酸成分(MAP)和弱酸成分(WAP)。然后采用二苯代苦味酰自由基(DPPH)法对不同质量浓度的TA、SAP、MAP和WAP进行了抗氧化活性测定。TA、SAP、MAP和WAP质量浓度分别为0.2 g/L、0.5 g/L、0.8 g/L、1.2 g/L时,对自由基的最大清除率依次分别为:29.5%、67.1%、85.7%、87.5%;34.0%、74.2%、86.5%、95.4%;9.8%、24.0%、35.2%、47.3%;6.5%、11.1%、19.6%、19.9%。TA、SAP、MAP和WAP对自由基均有程度不同的清除作用,其中SAP的效果最佳,当其质量浓度为1.2 g/L时,最大清除率可高达95.4%。     

Modification of Low Molecular Weight Polysaccharides from Tremella Fuciformis and Their Antioxidant Activity in Vitro

In this study, sulfated low molecular-weight Tremella fuciformis polysaccharides (SLTP) with different sulfate contents were synthesized and their antioxidant activities, including superoxide anion radical, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities were investigated. The results indicated that, compared to natural Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (TP) and low molecular weight Tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (LTP), sulfated LTP (SLTP) exhibited stronger scavenging activity towards superoxide anion, DPPH and hydroxyl radicals. In all the cases the effect was found to be dose dependent. The scavenging activity of SLTP was found to be in parallel with the degree of sulfation of SLTP.     

珍珠菜的抗氧化活性

用清除二苯代苦味肼基自由基、清除2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)自由基和铁离子还原/抗氧化能力测定法,分析了珍珠菜提取物总的抗氧化作用。在珍珠菜提取物中,甲醇提取物清除二苯代苦味肼基自由基能力(IC50值为12.28mg/L)比阳性对照BHT作用强(IC50值为18.79mg/L);甲醇提取物对清除2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)自由基能力(IC50值为7.52mg/L)比BHT(IC50值为6.04mg/L)清除能力略低;甲醇提取物还原Fe3+的能力(FRAP值为1179.40±46.70μmolTE/g)比BHT(FRAP值为1748.49±3.46μmolTE/g)略低。珍珠菜3种提取物中,甲醇提取物具有较高的抗氧化能力。该文报告工作的新颖性,已为河南省医学情报研究所2008年5月30日出具的第2008113号《科技查新报告》所证实。     

Antioxidant Activity of Subcritical Water Extracts from Chaga Mushroom (Inonotus obliquus)

The subcritical water (SCW) extraction of Chaga mushroom (CM) was carried out at various temperatures (50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300°C) and times (10, 30, and 60 min), and then antioxidant activities of the SCW extracts were evaluated by determining 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, 2,2-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity, reducing power (RP), superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, and total phenol content (TPC). The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and the SOD-like activity of the extracts increased with elevated temperatures and times. For example, DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities, and SOD-like activity of the extracts at 250°C for 60 min were 72.5, 97.8, and 92.3%, respectively, while those at 50°C for 60 min were 63.2, 14.4, and 22.6%, respectively. However, the activities decreased at 300°C. The highest TPC and RP were found at 250°C for 30 min with values of 10.724 mg/mL and 1.063 optical density, respectively. These results indicate that SCW extraction was significantly effective on the increase of antioxidant activity of the CM.     

烟草类黑精抗氧化活性初步研究

以云南产烟草为实验材料制备不同的烟草类黑精,并用还原能力、抗氧化值、和[DPPH.]自由基清除能力等指标对其抗氧化活性进行评价。试验结果显示,烟草类黑精具有很强的抗氧化潜力,其中在pH=7,10 h条件下生成的烟草类黑精抗氧化能力最强。     

甘蔗花与叶抗氧化活性研究

为了探明农作物甘蔗花和甘蔗叶提取物的抗氧化活性。以甲醇和乙醇为溶剂,采用超声提取法对甘蔗花及甘蔗叶进行提取,考察其对DPPH自由基活性的清除能力,并与多种抗氧化剂的清除能力进行比较。甘蔗花和甘蔗叶的提取物与5种标准品的抗氧化能力对比为:没食子酸咖啡酸芦丁甘蔗花甲醇提取物香草酸甘蔗叶甲醇提取物甘蔗花乙醇提取物甘蔗叶乙醇提取物对香豆酸。结果表明,甘蔗花的甲醇提取物抗氧化能力大于香草酸、对香豆酸两种标准品,因此具有一定的抗氧化能力。     

核桃仁抗氧化活性研究

采用清除二苯代苦味肼基(DPPH)自由基、清除[2,2′-连氨-(3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸)二氨盐](ABTS)自由基及铁离子还原/抗氧化能力(FRAP)测定法,对核桃仁提取物进行抗氧化活性评价,并与阳性对照没食子酸丙酯(PG)、丁基羟基茴香醚(BHA)和二丁基羟基甲苯(BHT)进行比较。在核桃仁提取物中,乙酸乙酯提取物清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力(IC50值分别为1.58 mg/L和1.69 mg/L)强于BHA(IC50值分别为3.43 mg/L和1.72 mg/L)和BHT(IC50值分别为18.79 mg/L和6.04 mg/L),弱于PG(IC50值分别为0.86 mg/L和0.66 mg/L);乙酸乙酯提取物还原Fe3+的能力最强〔FRAP值为(13212.99±55.35)μmol TE/g〕,强于PG〔FRAP值为(10617.75±138.38)μmol TE/g〕、BHA〔FRAP值为(7383.10±121.08)μmol TE/g〕和BHT〔FRAP值为(1748.49±3.46)μmol TE/g〕;核桃仁正丁醇提取物清除DPPH和ABTS自由基的能力(IC50值分别为4.94和1.90 mg/L)以及还原Fe3+的能力〔FRAP值为(2299.99±27.68)μmol TE/g〕强于BHT。结果表明,核桃仁乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物都具有很好的抗氧化活性,且乙酸乙酯提取物活性强于正丁醇提取物。     

西印度樱桃冻干粉水提液抗氧化性的研究

对西印度樱桃果实冻干粉水提液中还原型维生素C含量及其抗氧化性进行研究。结果表明，与相同含量的维生素C相比，其水提液具有更强的超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基、DPPH·自由基清除能力，可以作为天然的抗氧化剂应用于食品和化妆品行业。