Correction to "Radiation from Curved Dielectric Slabs and Fibers" (Letters)

In the above paper, to conform with the usual definitions of odd-and even-mode impedances, the impedance values read from Figs. 10, 14, 17, and 21 should be multiplied by two. The last sentence of paragraph one on page 664 should be changed to read: "The total capacitance for each mode is simply two times that obtained for the quarter-section." Mode velocities and other quantities are correct as given.     

Comments on "Radiation from Curved Dielectric Slabs and Fibers" (Letters)

In the above paper, Lewin gave an expression for the bending loss of a dielectric fiber with circular cross section. I have shown that the bending loss of arbitrary optical guides can be obtained in a simple manner when the field of the straight guide is known. The purpose of this letter is to show that the results of the two theories are in agreement, except for a factor of 2.     

Radiation on Losses Due to Variations of Radius Dielectric or Optical Fibers

The total loss of the HE/sub 11/ mode to the radiation field of a finite dielectric rod with small amplitude surface irregularities is considered, and a simple approximate analytic expression for radiation due to sinusoidal roughness is presented. It is shown that radiation occurs only when the frequency of surface roughness /spl Omega/ is in the range /spl beta/-k/sub 2/相似文献   

Propagation Characteristics of Periodic Arrays of Dielectric Slabs

Propagation along periodic arrays of dielectric slabs in the direction transverse to that of periodicity is studied as a function of the prescribed phase delay per period for two polarizations. Classification of modes is achieved with the help of "stability diagrams." In contrast with previous work, the rigorous dispersion relation and exact mode functions are considered. Calculated dispersion curves and closed form mode functions serve to illustrate the guiding properties of the structure and are, in turn, explained in terms of stability diagrams and equivalent networks.     

Radiation from Bends in Dielectric Rod Transmission Lines

The radiation from the fundamental mode propagating around curved dielectric rod transmission lines is investigated experimentally with microwave frequencies. Three methods are used to determine the attenuation by radiation: measuring the insertion loss of bends, measuring the Q-factor of ring resonators, and measuring the Q-factor of sections of curved dielectric rod transmission lines terminated by large reflecting plates. The attenuation is found to depend mainly on the combination R lambda/sub 0//sup 2/ / r/sub 0//sup 3/ where R is the radius of curvature, lambda/sub 0/ the free space wavelength and r/sub 0/ a measure of the transverse field extent of the HE/sub 11/ mode. The experimental results are compared with theoretical predictions of other authors. The measured values of the attenuation constant are found to be smaller than the theoretical values. The distribution of the electromagnetic field near bends is recorded using a semiautomatic field plotter. From the field pictures, it can be concluded that the curved dielectric waveguide radiates tangentially from the outer side. The results presented will also be useful for understanding the mechanism of radiation from bent optical waveguides.     

Finite-Element Analysis of Dielectric Waveguides with Curved Boundaries

The modes of dielectric waveguides with curved boundaries are computed efficiently using a curved-sided (isoparametric) second-order finite element rather than the more usual triangular element. A novel way of placing the virtual boundary is described. Results are obtained for dielectric rod and elliptical waveguides, and compared with earlier results. The method is used to analyze a single-mode fiber-optical coupler.     

Reflection at a Curved Dielectric Lnterface--- Electromagnetic Tunneling

The reflection of a locally plane wave from a curved interface between two nonabsorbing dielectric media is investigated. Our analysis is applicable to an interface of general shape, defined at each point by the two principal radii of curvature. When the wave is incident from the denser medium at angles greater than the critical angle it is only partially reflected, due to a form of electromagnetic tunneling. Generalized Fresnel transmission coefficients and an extension of Snell's law are derived to account for this transmission into the less dense medium. Ray tracing can then be applied to determine such phenomena as the bending losses in optical slab waveguides, and the curvature loss of skew rays within straight optical waveguides of circular cross section.     

Printing Reconfigurable Bundles of Dielectric Elastomer Fibers

Active soft materials that change shape on demand are of interest for a myriad of applications, including soft robotics, biomedical devices, and adaptive systems. Despite recent advances, the ability to rapidly design and fabricate active matter in complex, reconfigurable layouts remains challenging. Here, the 3D printing of core-sheath-shell dielectric elastomer fibers (DEF) and fiber bundles with programmable actuation is reported. Complex shape morphing responses are achieved by printing individually addressable fibers within 3D architectures, including vertical coils and fiber bundles. These DEF devices exhibit resonance frequencies up to 700 Hz and lifetimes exceeding 2.6 million cycles. The multimaterial, multicore-shell 3D printing method opens new avenues for creating active soft matter with fast programable actuation.     

Electric-Field Distribution Along Finite Length Lossy Dielectric Slabs in Waveguide

A procedure is given to calculate the reflection and transmission coefficients of a full-height dielectric slab centered in a rectangular waveguide. The effects of loss and of finite length are included. The magnitude squared of the electric field along the slab is calculated in order to predict inhomogeneous heat input to the sample. These results are compared with experimental measurements on several materials and the pupae of Tenebrio molitor.     

介质加载圆柱腔的场分析

本文应用严格场匹配法解决了介质加载圆柱腔的本征问题，计算了圆柱腔在纵向部分填充介质后ＴＥ０１ｎ模和ＴＭ０１ｎ模的本征频率和本征场型的变化。特别分析了本征模式在空气段为截止模的情况。本文的分析方法亦可应用到纵向部分填充介质的传输线和其它形状的谐振腔。     

Radiation Loss from Open-Circuited Dielectric Resonators (Short Papers)

The Q factor of an open-circuited resonator is influenced by dielectric, conductor, and radiation losses. This short paper discusses these losses and shows that insight into the radiation loss can be obtained by an extension to the analysis given by Lewirt. This shows that the radiation loss is a maximum for the dominant mode and that provided the permittivity is not less than 9.0 the radiation losses are at a minimum for the second mode. It is suggested that these results may be applied to the design of filters based on dielectric resonators. The application of the results to stripline resonators in which the dielectric extends past the termination of the upper conducting strip is more difficult, and it is suggested that experimental work is required to investigate postulated improvements. Finally, some of the radiation patterns of the open-circuited dielectric resonators, obtained in this paper, show interesting directional properties which may be applied to the design of antenna systems.     

曲边介质波导的有限元分析

本文应用曲边有限元方法有效地计算了曲边质波导的色散特性，编制了相应的计算程序,应用本文方法计算得到的椭圆旬质波导和组合椭圆介质波导的主模和高次模的色散曲线与文献[2],[3]的结果相当吻合。     

On Mode Classification in Rectangular Waveguides Partially Filled with Dielectric Slabs

Arguments are given for the designation of the lowest order longitudinal-section magnetic mode in a dlelectrically loaded rectangular waveguide as LSM/sub 01/ rather than LSM/sub 11/.     

光纤辐射致衰减效应

在空间辐射环境下,光纤会产生辐射致衰减(RIA),严重影响光纤在辐射环境中的应用。为了保证光纤在辐射环境中的工作性能,需要对光纤辐射致衰减效应进行研究。从辐射与光纤相互作用的机理出发,说明了辐射条件下引起光纤主要衰减的色心的形成和退化,并详细分析了辐射条件、光纤参数和传导光波等因素对光纤辐射致衰减的影响。在此基础上,总结了光纤辐射致衰减的主要模型,包括幂律模型、多成分饱和指数模型和拓展多成分饱和指数模型等。最后,介绍了光纤辐射致衰减效应的应用。     

High Order Vectorial Analysis of Waveguides With Curved Dielectric Interfaces

This letter introduces a novel full vectorial higher order finite difference method for the modal analysis of optical waveguides with smoothly curved dielectric interfaces. Based on a simple Cartesian grid, a new matched interface and boundary formulation is derived to enforce the interface conditions so that the staircasing error can be eliminated. Benchmark problems are employed to validate the proposed method. A fourth order convergence is numerically confirmed irrespective of the presence of the step-index interfaces.      

Refraction at a Curved Dielectric Interface: Geometrical Optics Solution

The transmission of a spherical or plane wave through an arbitrarily curved dielectric interface is solved by the geometrical optics theory. The transmitted field is proportional to the product of the conventional Fresnel's transmission coefficient and a divergence factor (DF), which describes the cross-sectional variation (convergence or divergence) of a ray pencil as the latter propagates in the transmitted region. The factor DF depends on the incident wavefront, the curvatures of the interface, and the relative indices of the two media. We give explicit matrix formulas for calculating DF, illustrate its physical significance via examples.     

Transmission Characteristics of Curved Dielectric Waveguides with Arbitrarily Transverse Profiles

The transmission characteristics of curved dielectric waveguide are analyzed with a method, which combines the staircase approximation with the edge element analysis and mode matching procedure. In each stair the uniform waveguide is treated with edge element method. Then the transmission property of the whole curved guiding structure is calculated with multimode network methods. The effectiveness of the present method is justified by the results given in the literature. It is believed that this approach can be applied to a variety of curved dielectric waveguides with arbitrary transverse profiles.     

One Dimensional Inverse Dielectric Profiling of Embedded Slabs by a Quadratic Approximation

In this paper the inverse problem of the determination of the dielectric profile of a slab embedded into a homogeneous half space starting from the knowledge of the scattered field for different illumination angles is considered. A comparison between the features of a linear and a quadratic distorted approximation of the scattering problem is carried out, in order to determine the kind of profiles that can be reconstructed. In particular, the investigation of the direct problem reveals that, under the linear approximation, only a limited number of Fourier harmonics of the profile give contribution to the scattered field. The use of the quadratic approximation allows to change the number and order of the harmonic that can be imaged. The dependence of the results on the dielectric permittivity of the host medium is also highlighted. Numerical examples support the theoretical considerations.     

多层介质金属条带电抗加载平板结构透波特性分析

应用有限元法(FEM)结合Floquet定理分析金属条带电抗加载的多层介质平板结构的电磁特性,并应用该算法模拟电抗加载雷达罩平板结构的透波性能.针对加载周期性、任意截面形状金属条带的多层介质平板结构建立了FEM算法模型并用C 语言编程实现;应用该算法首先分析了加载矩形截面金属条带、以金属为衬底的介质平板的散射特性,数值结果与文献报道结果一致,验证了理论模型与计算程序的正确性;在此基础上,计算了加载细金属丝的雷达罩平板结构的功率传输系数,考察了将金属丝加载于雷达罩壁的不同位置、金属丝的不同间距对电抗加载平板透波性能的影响.数值结果表明,该方法可以有效地分析电抗加载雷达罩平板结构的透波特性.     

Wave Propagation through Weakly Anisotropic Straight and Curved Rectangular Dielectric Optical Guides

Wave propagation through weakly anisotropic straight and curved dielectric rectangular guides is studied using a coupled mode approach. The propagation constant, thus found, can be computed very easily if Marcatili's approximate field expressions for an isotropic guide are used. The result for the uniaxial case can then be extended for the biaxial crystal to the first order of approximation.