共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 187 毫秒
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250 MW球床模块式高温气冷堆进水事故研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
基于250 MW球床模块式高温气冷堆(HTR-PM)的初步设计,以高温气冷堆专用系统分析软件TINTE程序为主要工具,对蒸汽发生器1根传热管双端断裂设计基准的进水事故进行了分析,研究了反应堆温度和压力的变化特性、球床石墨的腐蚀率以及安全阀开启所造成的可燃气体排放等.此外,还分析了风机挡板关闭失效情况下堆内温度分布差异所造成的自然循环对事故后果的影响.计算结果表明:在蒸汽发生器1根传热管双端断裂、最大进水量600 kg情况下,事故后燃料元件的最高温度远低于设计限值,化学反应所引起的石墨腐蚀不会造成反应堆结构强度的破坏和燃料元件的意外破损,释放到反应堆舱室的可燃气体含量也不存在爆炸危险. 相似文献
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钠冷快堆采用钠-钠-水/蒸汽三回路传热模式,二回路钠与三回路水/蒸汽通过蒸汽发生器实现热交换。蒸汽发生器中传热管的微小破损都可能导致钠水反应。为了有效扼制小泄漏事故的扩展,需要及时发现泄漏的发生。本文建立了钠冷快堆蒸汽发生器小泄漏钠水反应一维计算模型,采用Fortran语言编写了一维分析程序,用于计算小泄漏钠水反应氢气产生、迁移过程,并与参考文献计算结果进行了对比。最后,针对蒸汽发生器一根传热管破损分析了泄漏率、钠温对氢离子和氢气在二回路钠中迁移行为的影响。可为钠冷快堆二回路小泄漏探测系统的布置提供参考。 相似文献
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钠水反应试验研究概况及进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
经多年研究选择,快堆大多采用钠作为载热剂,使蒸汽发生器内的水蒸发推动汽轮机发电。在蒸汽发生器内钠和水只有传热管一壁之隔。由于设计、加工工艺和运行条件、腐蚀等种种问题导至传热管的泄漏、破损是难以避免的。由此引起的高压水向销侧喷射,发生钠水反应。这种剧烈的放热反应,使附近温度、压力急骤升高,从而引起爆破。钠水 相似文献
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《中国原子能科学研究院年报》2017,(0)
正快堆蒸汽发生器换热介质采用液态金属钠和水/蒸汽,由于设计、加工工艺和运行条件等问题导致的传热管破损是不可避免的,为了保证在微小泄漏阶段发现水泄漏到钠中,并采取相应的检修措施,必须建立蒸汽发生器事故保护系统。小钠水反应分析评估程序(SSW)可用于分析CFR600蒸汽发生器发生小泄漏时产物在回路中的浓度分布以及对相邻管的影响,进而评估蒸汽发生器事故保护系统设计的合理性。SSW程序主要分为5个模块:1)输入模块;2)初始化模块; 相似文献
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《中国原子能科学研究院年报(英文版)》2018,(0)
正快堆蒸汽发生器换热介质采用液态金属钠和水/蒸汽,由于设计、加工工艺和运行条件等问题导致的传热管破损是不可避免的,为保证在微小泄漏阶段发现水泄漏到钠中,并采取相应的检修措施,必须建立蒸汽发生器事故保护系统。 相似文献
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船用堆破口叠加全船断电事故进程及后果研究 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
采用MELCOR程序,对船用堆破口叠加全船断电事故进行建模计算,并对事故进程和源项释放进行了研究。计算结果表明:若应急电源无法投入,最终将导致压力容器下封头失效和舱底失效;所研究事故的惰性气体、碘释放量均在80%以上,且释放的I主要以CsI形式存在,滞留量大,气载量小。事故进展快慢取决于破口当量尺寸,但氢气的产量与堆芯温度、堆芯残余水量相关,与破口当量尺寸无直接关系,堆舱内发生氢爆可能性不大。本文计算结果可为应急抢修和应急决策提供技术支持。 相似文献
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压水堆核电厂发生严重事故期间,从主系统释放的蒸汽、氢气以及下封头失效后进入安全壳的堆芯熔融物均对安全壳的完整性构成威胁。以国内典型二代加压水堆为研究对象,采用MAAP程序进行安全壳响应分析。选取了两种典型的严重事故序列:热管段中破口叠加设备冷却水失效和再循环高压安注失效,堆芯因冷却不足升温熔化导致压力容器失效,熔融物与混凝土发生反应(MCCI),安全壳超压失效;冷管段大破口叠加再循环失效,安全壳内蒸汽不断聚集,发生超压失效。通过对两种事故工况的分析,证实了再循环高压安注、安全壳喷淋这两种缓解措施对保证安全壳完整性的重要作用。 相似文献
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破口事故是压水堆最为关注的一类重要事故,其失水量与事故后果严重程度密切相关。NHR-200Ⅱ是由清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院经过多年研究和不断改进,设计的一种全功率自然循环低温供热反应堆,其设计中采用了多种先进的非能动和固有安全设计。本研究针对NHR-200Ⅱ反应堆,选取后果最为严重的控制棒引水管断裂且无法隔离事故,利用系统热工瞬态分析程序对事故过程进行了模拟和分析。结果表明,即使在最严重的破口失水事故下,NHR-200Ⅱ主回路中剩余的冷却剂始终能覆盖反应堆堆芯,并有效通过非能动余热载出系统带走堆芯热量,从而保证反应堆堆芯不会因裸露造成烧毁,这表明NHR-200Ⅱ具有很好的安全特性。 相似文献
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Hydrogen management and overpressure protection of the containment for future boiling water reactors
New design and evaluation method for hydrogen management of containment atmosphere have been developed for application in the future boiling water reactor (BWR). These are intended as a part of consideration of severe accidents in the course of design so as to assure a high level of confidence that a large release of radioactivity to the environment that may result in unacceptable social consequences can reasonably be avoided. Emphasis on hydrogen management and protection against overpressure failure is based on the insights from probabilistic safety assessments (PSAs) that late phase overpressure (and associated leakage) and molten corium concrete reaction (MCCI) need attention to ensure that containment remains intact, in case energetic challenges to the containment such as DCH (direct containment heating) or FCI (fuel coolant interactions) are practically eliminated by design or resolved from risk standpoint of view. The authors studied the use of palladium-coated tantalum for hydrogen removal from containment atmosphere in order to avoid pressurization of the containment with small free volume by non-condensable gas and steam. Its effectiveness for ABWR (advanced boiling water reactor) containment was evaluated using laboratory test data. Although further experimental studies are necessary to confirm its effectiveness in real accident conditions, the design is a promising option and one that could be backfitted upon necessity to existing plants for which pressure retaining capability cannot be altered. Also new evaluation method for flammability control under severe accident conditions was developed. This method employes a realistic assessment of the amount of oxygen and hydrogen gases generated by radiolytic decomposition of water under severe accident conditions and their subsequent transport from water to containment atmosphere. 相似文献
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在AP1000核电厂的某些严重事故情景中,安全壳可能发生失效或旁通,导致大量放射性物质释放到环境中,造成严重的放射性污染。针对大量放射性释放频率贡献最大的3种释放类别(安全壳旁通、安全壳早期失效和安全壳隔离失效),分别选取典型的严重事故序列(蒸汽发生器传热管破裂、自动卸压系统阀门误开启和压力容器破裂),使用MAAP程序计算分析了释放到环境中的裂变产物源项。该分析结果为量化AP1000核电厂的放射性释放后果和厂外剂量分析提供了必要的输入。 相似文献
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Results of the Level 1 Probabilistic Safety Assessment of the Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant have shown that in the risk topography transients are dominating. Analysis has shown that failure of the long-term core cooling is the main contributor to the core damage frequency. However, the reactor core damage in the long-term indicates the potential opportunities for the accident management. The main goal of accident management is to avoid a multiple fuel channel rupture because considering the design of RBMK reactors the consequences of rupture of more than 11–16 FC at full pressure would be close to the consequences of Chernobyl accident. This paper presents a detailed thermal–hydraulic analysis of the accidents with the loss of long-term core cooling, performed using the RELAP5 model of Ignalina NPP reactor cooling circuit and safety systems. Different ways of potential accident management are discussed. On the basis of this analysis the accident management strategy was developed. 相似文献