TiNi合金冲蚀磨损行为及应用研究进展

TiNi形状记忆合金是一种新型的性能优异的摩擦学材料,其耐磨机制及摩擦学应用方面的研究得到了人们的广泛关注.在综述TiNi合金冲蚀磨损行为研究现状的基础上,对TiNi合金的冲蚀磨损机制进行了分析,认为TiNi合金的良好冲蚀磨损性能主要与其相变伪弹性和马氏体变体自适应行为有关.同时,还总结了TiNi合金摩擦学应用方面的研究进展,并对进一步的研究方向提出建议.     

承受各种循环加载的TiNi形状记忆合金的超弹性变形行为

TiNi形状记忆合金由于其优良的机械性能、抗腐蚀能力和生物适应性得到广泛的使用。超弹性是TiNi形状记忆合金重要的力学性能之一。本文通过实验研究了不同加载速率和不同实验温度下承受完全循环加载以及部分加载卸载的TiNi形状记忆合金超弹性变形行为。分析了循环变形期间马氏体相变应力和弹性模量变化的特性。研究表明在完全循环加载过程中，由于残余应变的存在，马氏体相变应力随循环增加而减小。马氏体相变应力的变化量（即残余应力）与残余应变成线形关系。对于受过循环变形的机械训练的TiNi形状记忆合金，研究了部分加载和卸载情况下其超弹性变形，分析了相变开始与结束的应力特性。     

FeMnAlNi系超弹性合金的研究进展

FeMnAlNi系合金因极大的超弹性温度范围(-196～240℃)与马氏体相变临界应力极低的温度依赖性(Clausius-Clapeyron斜率压缩时小于0.2 MPa/℃,拉伸时小于0.5 MPa/℃),在航空航天、空间探索、减振抗震等方面展现出了良好的应用前景,成为近年来超弹性合金研究的热点。FeMnAlNi系合金的超弹性受到多种因素的影响,提高其超弹性的关键在于控制析出相合理的析出状态提高相变的热弹性,增大晶粒尺寸提高相变的协调性,选择合适的晶粒取向激活更多的马氏体变体。首先介绍了马氏体相变与超弹性的关系,然后从FeMnAlNi系合金特殊的马氏体相变出发,对影响其超弹性的主要因素,包括组织因素(析出相、晶粒尺寸、晶粒取向)以及环境因素(磁场、温度)目前的研究进展作出了归纳与总结,最后对Fe-MnAlNi系超弹性合金未来的研究发展方向进行了展望。     

NiTi合金形状记忆效应的微观机制研究进展

NiTi合金具有优异的形状记忆功能和良好的生物体兼容性,近年来对它的应用研究受到工程界和医学界的重视,同时对NiTi合金形状记忆效应的微观机制的研究也在逐步深入.介绍了NiTi合金的主要特性及影响其形状记忆功能的主要因素,总结了NiTi合金的形状记忆效应和超弹性的微观机制研究现状,并指出了需对该合金进一步研究的一些问题.     

TiNi形状记忆合金约束态相变及驱动特性研究进展

TiNi形状记忆合金作为一种驱动材料具有广阔的应用前景，同时TiNi合金丝增强复合材料的研究和应用也得到人们的重视。TiNi合金的驱动能力与其约束条件下的相变行为有密切的关系。综述了不同约束态条件下TiNi形状记忆合金丝的马氏体相变特征及其驱动特性的研究进展。     

TiNi基形状记忆合金的辐照效应

材料辐照效应是入射粒子与物质交互作用造成的物质微观组织结构与宏观性能的变化。辐照效应不仅是改善材料表面性能的重要手段,而且也是特殊环境应用材料可靠性评价的重要组成部分。TiNi基形状记忆合金是一种重要的金属智能材料,具有独特的形状记忆效应和超弹性,已在卫星、空间站等航天器以及生物医学中广泛应用。本文阐述了Ti-Ni基形状记忆合金在空间粒子(质子、电子)以及离子辐照改性的研究进展,辐照效应会对TiNi合金的微观组织结构产生影响,进而改变合金的相变行为和力学行为。然而目前关于TiNi基合金的辐照效应的研究仍处于起步阶段,组织结构和相变行为的变化规律和机理还未研究清楚,有关形状记忆效应的研究较少,仍需深入研究辐照参数、组织结构、相变行为和功能特性之间的内在联系。     

TiNi基高温形状记忆合金的马氏体相变与形状记忆效应

综述了Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金中的马氏体相变和形状记忆效应最近研究进展。Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金主要包括用Ti-Ni-Pd,Ti-Ni-Pt,Ti-Ni-Zr和Ti-Ni-Hf等。对Ti-Ni基高温形状记忆合金体材料、薄带和薄膜中的马氏体相变、组织结构、形状记忆效应以及超弹性性能等进行了评述和归纳。值得注意的是,通过适当的时效处理可调节相变温度,显著改善Ti-Ni-Hf高温形状记忆合金的开头记忆效应和超弹性性能,其主要原因在于时效的Ti-Ni-Hf合金中析出纳米级析出相导致基体强度升高。采取适当的制备和加工方法,提高合金的马氏体相变温度,改善合金的开头记忆效应,是当前TiNi基形状记忆合金研究的主要发展趋势。     

Hf含量对Ti49-XNi44Cu6Y1HfX形状记忆合金的组织与超弹性的影响

Ti-Ni-Cu基形状记忆合金具有相变滞后小、可回复应变大、热稳定性好等优良性能。本工作采用非自耗真空电弧熔炼制备了Ti_49-XNi₄₄Cu₆Y₁Hf_X(X=0,2,6,10)形状记忆合金，并研究了Hf含量对其组织、相变行为与超弹性等的影响。结果表明，合金在室温下的主要组织为B2奥氏体与少量化合物相，加载与卸载过程中发生了B2B19′马氏体相变。随Hf含量增加，Ti_49-XNi₄₄Cu₆Y₁Hf_X合金的马氏体相变温度降低，合金的压缩强度和断裂应变均有所降低，应力诱发马氏体的临界应力增加。在压缩应变为3%～11%的应力递增压缩循环过程中，合金出现加工硬化现象，并且可回复应力随着预应力的增加而增加。Hf含量为10%的合金在压缩应变为11%时具有最大的可回复应变7.9%,其中超弹性应变为5.2%。在压缩应变固定为7%的循环压缩过程中，10%Hf的样品循环稳定性较好，可以完全...     

TiNi形状记忆合金的工程应用研究现状和展望

综合评述了TiNi形状记忆合金的特性及其在工程结构方面的应用研究进展.着重介绍了TiNi合金形状记忆效应和超弹性的特点及其工程意义,论述了TiNi合金在用于制作驱动器、控制结构变形和开裂、结构振动主动和被动控制以及在耐磨损、抗冲击方面的应用研究现状,并就该研究领域的发展方向提出了一些建议.     

Ti-Ni基记忆合金复合材料的研究进展

Ti-Ni形状记忆合金因具有优异的形状记忆效应和超弹性及良好的耐腐蚀性、生物兼容性等诸多优点,被广泛应用于航空航天、机械、电子、生物医用等领域。Ti-Ni基复合材料中Ti-Ni基体和增强相之间的交互作用可使其集优异力学性能、功能特性于一体。本文主要阐述了近几年采用不同方法制备的Ti-Ni形状记忆合金复合材料的最新研究进展,包括微观组织结构的演化规律、马氏体相变行为及力学性能和应变恢复特性。另外,对当前Ti-Ni形状记忆合金复合材料的制备技术存在的问题及未来的发展方向进行了分析和展望。      

Two-stage superelasticity of a Ce-added laser-welded TiNi alloy

Microstructure, phase transformation and stress-strain behaviors of a Ce-added laser welded TiNi alloy have been studied. An Nd:YAG laser was used for butt fusion of two Ti-50.9Ni alloy plates with a (Ti-50.9Ni)-5Ce stripe pre-assembled between their joint. Microstructure, phase constitution, phase transformation and stress-strain behavior of several TiNi alloy specimens were researched with SEM, XRD, DSC and tensile test, respectively. Unlike the typical monotonous superelasticity of base metal and Ce-free welded TiNi, the Ce-added welded TiNi specimen shows a peculiar two-stage superelasticity. Based on results of SEM, XRD and DSC tests, a mechanism for the two-stage superelasticity has been discussed.     

Effects of electropulsing treatment on mechanical properties in Ti rich TiNi shape memory alloy

Abstract

The influence of electropulsing treatment on thermomechanical behaviour in terms of transformation temperatures and mechanical properties of a cold worked Ti rich TiNi shape memory alloy was studied. The results showed that the transformation temperatures increase with increasing current intensity. The superelasticity of the alloy is improved after the electropulsing treatment, and the hardness of the alloy decreased with increasing current intensity. The microstructure of the alloy showed that the above changes can be attributed to the decreasing dislocation density due to the current pulses.     

TiNi基形状记忆合金的温度记忆效应研究新进展

因为具有形状记忆效应和超弹性,TiNi形状记忆合金已经广泛用做功能材料和生物材料.最近,由不完全相变诱发的特殊的温度记忆效应现象引起关注:如果从马氏体到奥氏体的逆相变在第一次加热中在温度TI处被中断,而后冷却到马氏体相变终了温度以下,在随后的加热过程会出现被一个动力学中断点TS分开的两阶段逆相变,TS可"记住"TI.本文综述了TiNi基形状记忆合金的温度记忆效应及其机制.     

Effect of electroplastic rolling on the ductility and superelasticity of TiNi shape memory alloy

The brittle TiNi shape memory alloy strips were processed by electroplastic rolling (EPR) without intermediate annealing. The maximum thickness reduction of the alloy strip in the individual EPR pass can be 21.6% and the total deformation in terms of thickness reduction can reach 74% in the seven passes of EPR processing. The ductility of the TiNi alloy is enhanced by electropulse due to the dynamic recrystallization in the process. The rolling separating force in EPR drops compared to the cold rolling. Furthermore, the EPR processed TiNi after annealing exhibits an excellent superelasticity and the recoverable strain of 6% is obtained.     

Effects of Yttrium Addition on Microstructure, Hardness and Resistance to Wear and Corrosive Wear of TiNi Alloy

TiNi alloy has a high resistance to wear and could be an excellent candidate for various tribological applications. In this paper, it was demonstrated that by addition of yttrium, hardness properties and resistance to wear and corrosive wear of TiNi alloy were improved. New yttrium rich regions were formed in microstructure of TiNi alloy. The improved properties of this alloy by the yttrium addition could be attributed to the formation of these regions. The results showed that there was an optimum content for addition of yttrium between 2% and 5% (in wt%), and above this content the improvement in properties of TiNi became minor.     

TiNiAl合金形状记忆及超弹性效应研究

研究了不同热处理制度对TiNiAl合金的形状记忆恢复率的影响,得出了适宜的时效处理温度和时间.通过对合金相转变温度的测定发现Al的加入大大降低了TiNi合金的相转变温度,合金的成分对其相转变温度具有重要的影响.对合金的应力-应变曲线的测试表明其具有良好的超弹性效应.     

长期约束条件下TiNi合金超弹性衰减研究

研究了在长期约束条件下TiNi合金超弹性的衰减规律,结果表明,超弹性衰减随时间呈类抛物线规律;约束应变越大,衰减量越大,约束应变较小时不发生明显衰减;应力-应变循环处理可显著降低超弹性衰减幅度.在阐明超弹性衰减襄律的基础上,讨论了衰减机制.     

Effects of Yttria Addition on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties,Wear Resistance and Corrosive Wear Resistance of TiNi Alloy

TiNi alloy has a high resistance to wear and could be an excellent candidate for various tribological applications. But studies show that oxygen active elements can improve properties of some alloys,markedly.Yttrium is one of the oxygen active elements.In this paper,the e-ects of yttria addition on properties of TiNi have been studied via micro-indentation,hardness,wear and corrosive wear tests.It is demonstrated that by addition of yttria to 5%,TiNi alloy can own improved mechanical properties and resistan...     

Martensitic Transformation of TiNi Shape Memory Alloy Fiber Reinforced Ni Matrix Composites

In this paper, a TiNi shape memory alloy fiber Ni matrix composite was fabricated by an electroplating method using TiNi alloy as the cathode and Ni as the anode. The constrained martensitic transformation behaviors of the TiNi alloy were studied by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), and the results showed that two endothermic peaks appear on the DSC heating curves and the reverse transformation temperatures increase with increasing prestrain levels. Moreover, comparing to the free transformation, the temperature window of the constrained reverse transformation is widely expanded due to the influence of recovery stress.