Synchronous extraction of the microwave energy from two resonators through a waveguide bridge

Results of the experimental investigation of the resonant microwave pulse compression system operating in a 10-cm wavelength region are presented. The system contains two multimode resonators for storing high-frequency energy and a waveguide bridge for the fast and synchronous energy extraction. When powered from a magnetron generator having a radiation power of 5 MW and pulse duration of 4 μs, microwave pulses with an output power of ～0.8 GW, duration of ～5 ns, and pulse repetition rate up to 100 Hz were obtained in this compression system.     

Note: resonant microwave compressor with two output ports for synchronous energy extraction

The brief theoretical analysis shows the resonant microwave compressor provides the output pulse power higher than the traveling wave power in the storage cavity. The experimental study was made with the model of the S-band microwave compressor. The power of pulses generated by the device reached the value three times as much as the value of the traveling wave power in the storage cavity at the maximum amplification 23 dB, peak power 400 MW, and pulse width 4-5 ns.     

Note: self Q-switched Nd:YVO4 laser at 914 nm

By exploiting the saturable nature of re-absorption loss under the quasi-three-level laser transition self Q-switching operation in Nd:YVO(4) laser at 914 nm is demonstrated. The stable self-pulsing operation was observed with Nd:YVO(4) crystal with doping concentration of 0.3 at.%. At an incident pump power of 30 W around 600 mW of average power was obtained. Individual pulse energy and FWHM pulse duration were experimentally measured to be 10 μJ and 460 ns, respectively. The performance of the laser was analyzed with the help of a rate equation model. The simulation results show good agreement with the experiment.     

工程陶瓷激光切割工艺的试验研究

研制了机械斩光盘式调Q脉冲CO2激光器,获得了高峰值功率、短脉宽、高重复频率和较高的平均功率的脉冲激光输出。用此激光器,对以热压烧结Si3N4为代表的工程陶瓷进行了切割试验,运用高切割速度多次重复走刀切割工艺,获得了无裂纹的精细切口。对微裂纹的形成和消除从理论上进行了分析。     

Switching Possibilities of Reverse Switched-on Dynistors and Principles of RSD Circuitry (Review)

The results of studies of reverse switched-on dynistors (RSDs) intended for use in high-power pulse and converting devices are generalized. The basic principles of designing high-power RSD switches are analyzed. The main circuit designs of pulse and high-frequency RSD-based devices are described. The results of tests of high-voltage microsecond and submicrosecond pulse RSD generators with a pulse power of 10⁸–10¹⁰ W and high-frequency RSD inverters with a mean power of 10⁴–10⁵ W are presented.     

A nanosecond SOS generator with a peak power of 4 GW

A high-current nanosecond generator with a peak power of up to 4 GW, an output voltage of 0.4–1 MV, a pulse duration of 8–10 ns, and pulse repetition rates of 300 Hz in a continuous mode and up to 1 kHz in the burst mode is described. The average output power at a pulse repetition rate of 1 kHz reaches 30 kW. The generator has an all-solid-state energy-switching system. A semiconductor opening switch on SOS diodes forms output pulses. The electric circuit and design of the generator are described, and the experimental results are presented. A device for eliminating prepulses across the load is proposed. The results of its testing and numerical simulation are presented.     

基于Yb∶YAG/Cr~(4+)∶YAG/YAG键合晶体的被动调Q激光器

为了研究键合晶体在被动调Q激光器上的应用优势,采用Yb∶YAG/Cr~(4+)∶YAG/YAG键合晶体搭建了紧凑的端面泵浦被动调Q激光器,获得了高效的1 030nm和515nm脉冲激光。实验研究了泵浦功率和初始透过率T0对各项激光性能的影响,结果在T0=95%时得到了平均功率为1.97 W的1 030nm激光,对应33%的斜效率,而当T0=85%时输出的1 030nm脉冲峰值功率高达87kW,脉冲宽度低至3.14ns。另外在与LBO的倍频实验中,用T0=90%的键合晶体获得了较高的绿光输出功率634mW,对应11.2%的斜效率和15ns的脉冲宽度。最后还研究了光谱的红移和输出镜的漏光现象,找出进一步提高绿光功率的方法。     

纳秒级脉冲电源的研制

根据微细电化学加工的工艺特点,采用FPGA和MOSFET设计了双MOSFET的电化学加工纳秒级脉冲电源。该脉冲电源可以提供脉宽和脉问以及占空比可调的纳秒级脉冲,输出脉宽最小可达40ns,提高了加工过程的稳定性和加工极限能力;并利用阳极腐蚀结合湿印章的“电化学湿印章技术”实现了微细电化学加工,获得了较高的分辨率。     

双极性微弧氧化脉冲电源加工LY12铝合金工艺试验研究

利用自行研制的双极性微弧氧化脉冲电源对LY12铝合金进行了微弧氧化加工试验研究,并对不同形式的脉冲--正脉冲、正负交变脉冲以及正向正弦波脉冲加工生成的氧化陶瓷膜进行了膜厚度和膜硬度的比较.研究发现,同单纯的正向脉冲电源和正向正弦波脉动电源加工的工件相比,用双极性微弧氧化脉冲电源加工的工件氧化陶瓷膜的厚度大,与基体的结合紧密,膜的硬度高,说明双极性微弧氧化脉冲电源具有较好的成膜特性,并对双极性脉冲电源中负脉冲对生成氧化膜的作用机理进行了分析.     

Experimental study on energy consumption of energy-saving pulse power for WEDM

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is widely used in aerospace, mold manufacturing, automotive, and other fields. But now, traditional WEDM pulse power contains current-limiting resistor, and its energy utilization rate is low. Meanwhile, discharge energy of WEDM pulse power cannot be accurately controlled, and there is no unified understanding of distribution about discharge energy. In this paper, the pulse power improves energy utilization rate by removing current-limiting resistor and adopting single-arm pulse width modulation control method which controls peak current and modulates long short-circuit pulse width. Experiments proved that the energy-saving pulse power improves energy utilization rate by, approximately, 67.6 % than traditional pulse power. The paper analyzed a single-pulse energy waveform of the energy-saving pulse power and calculated each spark pulse energy and total energy provided by pulse power. It found that gap spark discharge energy only accounted for about 51 % of the energy provided by the pulse power, and other energy was mainly consumed in switching loss of power switch and parasitic resistance of pulse power.     

IGBT半桥逆变式电火花加工脉冲电源

提出了逆变式电火花加工脉冲电源的工作原理,选用了半桥主回路结构和ＩＧＢＴ功率开关器件研制新型脉冲电源,总结了新型脉冲电源中高频变压器工作磁通密度、输出回路滤波电感和ＲＣ吸收网络的设计方法。工艺实验表明,新型脉冲电源在满足电火花粗、中加工性能要求的同时,将电能利用率由低于２５％提高到８０％以上,体积降低到原来的十分之一。     

A generator of high-power nanosecond pulses based on a modular two-level summator

A modular approach to designing generators of high-power high-voltage nanosecond pulses on the basis of a two-level wave summator and transistor formers of partial pulses is considered. The design and parameters of the modules that are oriented at the development of generators of voltage pulses of up to 300 kV at a current of up to 4 kA are described. The capabilities of these modules are demonstrated based on the example of a pulse generator with a power of 10 MW, a varied pulse duration of 50–150 ns, and a pulse repetition rate of up to 2 kHz.     

A High-Frequency Discharge Module with Power Feedback for the Pumping Systems of Solid-State Lasers

A discharge module allowing the formation of arbitrarily shaped power pulses with durations of up to 1 s and pulse energies of several kilojoules in the pumping lamp has been developed. Transient processes in the circuit are analyzed and the main parameters of the converter at a given pulse energy are determined. Features of the high-frequency converter’s operation with power feedback into a nonlinear load under the conditions of a severalfold decrease in the storage voltage are considered. A circuit for controlling the power-regulating switch and maintaining the relative value of power pulsations in the lamp at a constant level is proposed.__________Translated from Pribory i Tekhnika Eksperimenta, No. 4, 2005, pp. 51–56.Original Russian Text Copyright © 2005 by Togatov, Gnatyuk.     

引信激光装定用脉冲半导体激光器电源设计

在引信激光装定系统中，针对引信装定信息时脉冲半导体激光器，电源激光频率可调（PFM）、功率可调（PPM）的要求，结合半导体激光器的工作特性，设计一种以单片机（MCU）为控制芯片，以晶体三极管与场效应管为窄脉冲驱动电路的大功率半导体激光器电源。同时为电源驱动电路设计了DC-DC变换器。其中，激光频率设置为连续可调，激光器的驱动电流6～30A连续可调。该电源已应用于引信激光装定系统中，通过仿真与实验验证，该激光器电源工作正常、性能稳定。     

A High-Power Semiconductor Generator for an Atomic Injector

An atomic injector with a beam power of 1 MW for heating plasma in the TCV tokamak (Lausanne, Switzerland) by a beam of neutral atoms was developed and put into operation in 2015–2016 at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics SB RAS (Novosibirsk). Plasma in the injector is formed in a plasma emitter by a high-frequency magnetic field, which is created by a high-power semiconductor generator with an output power of 40 kW at a frequency of 4 MHz. The facility operates in the pulse mode with a pulse duration of 2 s and a pause of 5 min. The generator is manufactured in the form of a modular system consisting of 16 identical generator modules, whose high-frequency power is summed, control modules, and a power-supply source. The generator allows modulation of the output power in the range of 30–100% by changing the power-supply voltage. The general structure of the generator and its elements and the results of its commissioning are presented.     

往复走丝电火花线切割高效低损耗切割研究

目前,高速往复走丝电火花线切割最高切割效率已突破200mm2/min,传统脉冲电源靠单纯提高脉冲能量来增加切割效率会导致钼丝损伤大、损耗加剧,短时间内就可能出现断丝。从脉冲电源的放电波形分析入手,分析了传统脉冲电源和高效低损耗脉冲电源的差异。研究认为,采用阶梯脉冲合理控制放电电流的前后沿,在加工中对非正常放电脉冲及时切断以减小对电极丝造成的损伤及损耗,采用等能量脉冲方式提高放电利用率等措施能大大提高切割效率,改善切割表面粗糙度,在切割效率190～200mm2/min条件下能实现长期稳定切割。     

A power supply for magnetron sputtering systems

A design and electric circuits of the power supply for magnetron sputtering systems with a power of up to 5 kW are described. The power supply is intended for operation in direct-current (DC) or pulse modes with a pulse repetition rate of up to 100 kHz. The arc suppression system limits the energy delivered to the arc discharge at about 110 mJ in the DC mode and 9 mJ in the pulse mode, respectively. The possibilities of optimizing coatings by selecting working parameters of the power supply were demonstrated by the example of thin-film coatings of two types (Ag and Ga-doped ZnO thin films).     

Process Characterisation of Pulsed Nd:YAG Laser Seam Welding

A wide range of pulsed laser welding parameters was identified. These include average peak power density (APPD), peak power, mean laser power, traverse speed, pulse repetition rate, duty cycle, pulse energy, spot size, and pulse duration. The type of laser beam temporal pulse shape studied was a rectangular power pulse. The effects of pulsed laser welding parameters on heat flow, weld dimension, and weldability are investigated. The study shows that weld quality is principally affected by APPD, mean power, and traverse speed, of which APPD is the most critical process parameter. A processing map containing the APPD effects is constructed as a guide for producing good welds.