超声波测量聚合物熔体密度

通过理论分析和推导,提出了用超声波测量聚合物熔体密度的方法,并采用自行设计的超声波熔体测量装置对聚丙烯进行测试,实验验证了超声波速度与聚合物熔体密度的单值性,从理论及实验两方面验证了该方法的可行性.该方法可用于在线测量聚合物熔体密度以表征聚合物加工过程中熔体的塑化均匀程度,为优化工艺条件及实现注塑过程中的质量控制提供了可能.     

注射成型中聚合物熔体信息的超声在线测量

提出了成型中聚合物熔体温度和密度的超声在线测量方法,并与其他方法对比验证了超声在线测量方法的正确性。设计并制造了底部不封口的流变模具,搭建了超声信号与温度、压力信号采集平台,采集超声信号后进行分析计算,得到聚合物熔体内超声速度变化曲线,结合压力、温度信号,对注射成型中熔体信息进行计算分析。结果表明,超声速度信号可无损定性反映熔体在型腔内的演化过程;借助于压力信号可迭代计算熔体温度演变曲线,与红外光纤温度传感器测量结果相比误差小于6%,实现了对聚合物熔体温度的有损定量分析;对超声信号在时/频域内分别计算分析,得到声阻抗与声速的变化曲线,进而计算得到熔体密度的演变曲线,与压力-体积-温度（PVT）方法计算得到的结果十分吻合,均方差仅0.040 3 g/cm3,实现了对聚合物熔体密度的无损定量测量。超声测量技术可实现注射成型中聚合物熔体信息的在线测量,在实际生产过程中具有广阔的应用前景。     

注射成型中聚合物熔体充填流动的数值模拟

在建立聚合物熔体充填三维流道—浇口—型腔系统的数学模型的基础上,采用混合有限元/有限差分方法求解,并对入口结点的压力计算以及熔体前沿推进时时间步长的确定准则作了修改。编制程序实现提出的算法,给出两个算例说明数值模拟的结果。     

多级注射在精密塑件成型中的应用

介绍了在精密塑件成型中制定完整合理的多级注塑工艺参数的步骤,并结合实例探讨了注塑工艺的各要素对产品外观质量、内应力、尺寸等的影响。结果表明、通过准确地调整各段压力、速度和行程可显著改善制品外观,有效消除制品内应力。     

振动技术在注射成型中的应用

介绍了振动技术在注射成型中扩应用及其特点,讨论了聚合物熔体粘度随振动频率变化的规律,表明通过控制振动条件可以控制聚合物的冷却速度,进而控制制品的最终凝聚态结构与性能。按振动装置所处的部位不同,分三类简要介绍了振动模塑装置,展望了振动技术的应用前景。     

精密注射成型的关键技术

精密注塑技术是一门涉及原材料性能、配方、成型工艺及设备等多方面的综合技术。精度注塑机是指可加工包括DVD数码光盘、DVD激光头、数码相机零件、电脑接插件、导光板、非球面透镜等精密产品的塑料注射成型设备。这类产品的一个特点是不但尺寸精度要求高，而且对制品的内在质量和成品率要求极高。     

精密注射成型中背压对制品重复精度的影响

通过对空注射方式对影响精密制品质量重复精度之一的背压进行实验和理论研究。研究发现背压对螺杆塑化能力的影响明显，螺杆射退和多级背压对提高制品重复精度和质最稳定性效果显著。同时研究了不同物料对重复精度的影响，基于实验结果提出了提高制品质量重复精度的措施。     

超声波声速与聚合物熔体密度的单值性

利用一定质量的聚合物熔体在密封容器内其PVT状态变量符合理想气体PVT状态方程的特点,通过自行设计加工的基于PVT原理的实验装置,得到了基于物理定义的聚合物熔体密度和熔体体积弹性模量的数学表达式,验证了聚合物熔体密度和熔体体积弹性模量在理论上存在的一致性变化的特性;在此基础上由聚合物熔体密度、熔体体积弹性模量和超声波传播声速三者之间相互关系,可以推导出超声波声速与聚合物熔体密度存在单值性的数学表达式,并通过实验验证了聚合物熔体密度与超声波声速存在一一对应性。为超声波技术应用于聚合物熔体密度的在线测量提供理论基础和实验数据。     

混沌控制在聚合物成型中的应用

介绍了混沌的基本概念及混沌控制的方法。指出聚合物的聚集态是一种混沌态，聚合物状态的转变过程是混沌运动，聚合物熔体破裂现象是混沌运动的一种表现形式。聚合物的成型是一种复杂的混沌运动。振动波的存在，控制和干扰了聚合物熔体流动的混沌性和粘弹性的混沌性，聚合物熔体在振动波作用下运动状态的研究，需要通过混沌理论与实际试验结果相结合来进行。     

精密注射成型的关键技术

精密注塑技术是一门涉及原材料性能、配方、成型工艺及设备等多方面的综合技术。精密注塑机是指可加工包括DVD数码光盘,DVD激光头、数码相机零件、电脑接插件、导光板、非球面透镜等精密产品的塑料注射成型设备。这类产品一个特点是不但尺寸精度要求高,而且对制品的内在质量和成品率要求极高。     

计算机模拟技术在高分子材料注塑成型中的应用

以翘曲变形量为评价指标,采用Moldflow软件和正交试验法对高分子塑件注塑成型工艺参数进行优化,根据Taguchi指标权重计算结果,选取熔体温度、模具温度、注射时间为因素,建立3因素3水平正交试验,获得了注塑成型中的最优工艺参数.结果表明:最优工艺参数为模具温度240?℃,熔体温度32?℃,注射时间0.68?s,此条...     

Enhancement of viscoelastic property of MABS processed by melt compounding and injection molding

This work is focused on developing a new type of polymer blend to improve the viscoelastic property of methyl methacrylate acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (MABS). A multi-phase binary polymer blend was prepared by melt mixing in a twin screw extruder with three different weight ratios (10, 20, and 30 wt%) with a dynamically vulcanized alloy consisting mostly of fully cured ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM) particles encapsulated in a polypropylene (PP) matrix trade name Santoprene and an engineered styrene based thermoplastic elastomer trade name VDT to enhance the viscoelastic property of the blends. The compatibility and performance of the binary blend were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), laser microscopy, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) and tensile analysis. The DMA analysis of the samples revealed that the damping performance was significantly increased with the incorporation of the elastomeric phase into the MABS matrix. In addition, the morphological analysis revealed that VDT is more compatible with MABS compared to Santoprene. The NMR and FT-IR analysis further supported the reason for higher compatibility of VDT and MABS blend. The improvement of the damping properties has been observed with the increased wt % of the VDT and Santoprene in the blends.     

微注塑成型过程塑料熔体流动的偏移行为

采用集成式热电偶传感器温度测量系统和可视化全息示踪技术, 对多型腔微注塑成型过程熔体流动前沿在型腔内的偏移现象进行观察和分析。结果表明, 当注射速度为140~220 mm·s^-1时, 主流道内的塑料熔体前沿呈“U型流”状态分布, 分流道内塑料熔体前沿向上侧偏移;当注射速度为10~70 mm·s^-1时, 主流道塑料熔体前沿呈“喷泉流”状态分布, 分流道熔体前沿向下侧偏移;当注射速度为80~120 mm·s^-1时, 主流道和分流道熔体前沿均没有明显的偏移。说明微注塑时注射速度不同, 产生的剪切热也不同, 熔体前沿偏移情况也不同。为此, 引入非平衡流动系数λ, 来判断熔体前沿的流动和偏移情况。     

Real‐time diagnosing polymer processing in injection molding using ultrasound

Ultrasonic diagnosing technique with a new high‐temperature ultrasonic transducer is developed to real‐time diagnose polymer processing and its morphology changes in injection molding processing. Compared with the previous researches, the new technique can provide more and accurate information. In this study, ultrasound diagnosis shows that longitudinal wave can real‐time characterize the data of the injection process and polymer morphology changes, including melt flow arrival time, the part ejection time, filling and packing stages, polymer solidification process, and the morphology changes during polymer crystallization. Shear waves can real‐time diagnose Young's and shear storage modulus, anisotropy property of polymer in injection molding. During our research, real‐time ultrasonic diagnosis shows that the storage modulus along the vertical direction is larger than that of the parallel to the melt flow direction under our setup injection conditions. Scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis measurements present that it is because the crystalline lamellas of HDPE are parallel arrangement and grow in a vertical to melt flow direction owing to injection shear force under a certain injection conditions. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Mold replication in injection molding of high density polyethylene

In order to deepen the mechanisms at the basis of mold surface replication onto the molded plastic surface, a novel experimental approach is proposed. Up to 20 different mold surface textures were made by machining with repetitive patterns of peaks and valleys. Mold replication tests were performed by over-molding of high density polyethylene (HDPE) on steel inserts. The surface morphology of inserts and injection molded parts was acquired by surface analyzer, and all the main roughness parameters were extracted and compared as well as the geometrical profiles. Surface morphology was also measured on molded samples after thermal relaxation at 100°C. As expected, a strong correlation was found between the roughness of mold insert and molded part over the full experimented range. Profiles on the molded surface have the same repetitive pattern of the corresponding insert surface but with lower peaks, higher valleys, and a horizontal shrinkage. Comparing molded HDPE surface profiles before and after thermal relaxation, it was observed a similar change to the one highlighted between mold insert and molded part. This occurrence suggests that the final surface appearance of the molded part is also a function of the relaxation mechanism during or immediately after injection molding.     

Rapid replication of nanostructures made with a polymer using simple injection molding

It is possible to fabricate nanostructures of 25.5 nm by replication using injection molding. In this study, a silicon calibration grating was used as a mold insert to replicate high‐quality nanostructures with a simple custom‐made injection machine. The replicated grating with 25.5‐nm nanofeatures made with a polymer was of high quality when a high mold temperature was employed and the mold was evacuated. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

纵论注射成型技术

以注射成型技术在橡胶行业的发展现状为依据,从工作原理、生产工艺、产品质量、生产效率等几个方面着手,对模压成型技术和注射成型技术进行了比较,阐述了注射成型技术的优越性。同时,针对推广注射成型技术遇到的困难,提出了注射成型技术在橡胶行业的推广过程中所需要解决的一系列问题。     

3D study on the effect of process parameters on the cooling of polymer by injection molding

Plastic injection molding (PIM) is well known as a manufacturing process to produce products with various shapes and complex geometry at low cost. Determining optimal settings of process parameters critically influence productivity, quality, and cost of production in the PIM industry. To study the effect of the process parameters on the cooling of the polymer during injection molding, a full three‐dimensional time‐dependent injection molding analysis was carried out. The studied configuration consists of a mold having cuboids‐shaped cavity with two different thicknesses and six cooling channels. A numerical model by finite volume was used for the solution of the physical model. A validation of the numerical model was presented. The effect of different process parameters (inlet coolant temperature, inlet coolant flow rate, injection temperature, and filling time) on the cooling process was considered. The results indicate that the filling time has a great effect on the solidification of the product during the filling stage. They also show that low coolant flow rate increases the heterogeneity of the temperature distribution through the product. The process parameter realizing minimum cooling time not necessary achieves optimum product quality and the complete filling of the cavity by the polymer material. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

注塑成型熔接线截面熔接过程数值模拟

在多浇口和带嵌件注塑制品的成型过程中必然存在熔体的熔接过程,从而形成熔接线。熔接线沿厚度方向的熔接过程是影响该区域的力学强度以及纤维取向等制品性能的重要因素。本文采用有限元法针对注塑制品的典型截面建立数学模型,采用T6P3单元(速度二次插值,压力线性插值),数值模拟了注塑制品熔接线的截面熔接过程。通过等厚度截面和非等厚度截面两个算例,给出了两股熔体熔接过程中的截面速度场和压力场分布。讨论了熔接线区域的壁厚均匀程度对熔接过程的影响。该计算结果可以为制品力学性能以及纤维取向等数值模拟提供数据支持。     

Advanced structural foam molding using a continuous polymer/gas melt flow stream

This article introduces a patented advanced structural foam molding technology. By the implementation of a means of continuing the polymer matrix melt flow stream, the processing conditions are made consistent, and the injected gas is thus uniformly dispersed throughout the polymer matrix. Compared with its predecessors targeted at similar applications, this new technology generates single‐phase polymer/blowing agent solutions and is therefore capable of producing parts with smaller cell sizes, more uniform cell size distributions, higher void fractions, and similar geometric accuracy. Fine‐celled parts (>10⁶ cells/cm³) with high void fractions (>30%) were successfully produced in this research with an advanced structural foam molding machine that was built in house. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008