奶粉中坂崎肠杆菌检测方法研究进展

坂崎肠杆菌为肠杆菌科肠杆菌属，奶粉（尤其是婴幼儿配方奶粉）中坂崎肠杆菌的污染可引发严重的公共卫生问题，其主要检测方法包括传统的细菌学培养方法及各种基于聚合酶链式反应（PcR）的分子生物学检测方法，改进的培养方法和快速特异的分子生物学方法已成为坂崎肠杆菌检测的重要发展方向。     

乳粉中坂崎肠杆菌的快速检验

采用一种选择性显色培养基开展了乳粉中坂崎肠杆菌的检测，该培养基针对坂崎肠杆菌产生α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的特点．在显色培养基中添加了一种底物5-溴-4-氯-吲哚-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷（XαGlc），α-葡萄糖苷酶水解XαGlc,使菌落呈现蓝绿色．与传统检测方法相比，该检测方法选择性更强，操作更为简便，检测时间明显缩短，是一种较为理想的检测乳粉中坂崎肠杆菌的方法．     

阪崎肠杆菌分子检测研究进展

对分子生物学法检测阪崎肠杆菌的研究进展及在分子检测中内部扩增参比（内参）的应用作一综述。     

阪崎肠杆菌分子检测研究进展

对分子生物学法检测阪崎肠杆菌的研究进展及在分子检测中内部扩增参比(内参)的应用作一综述.     

乳品中坂崎肠杆菌污染情况的调查

<正>坂崎肠杆菌为革兰氏阴性杆菌,是肠杆菌科、肠杆菌属的一个种,由其引发的婴儿、新生儿脑膜炎、败血症和坏死性小肠结肠炎散发和爆发的病例在世界范围内多有报道,致死的病例可高达40%-80%。从调查病例的分析中,婴儿暖     

阪崎肠杆菌3种检测方法的应用与分析

分别采用美国FDA、ISO/TS 22964-2006和GB4789-2010阪崎肠杆菌检测方法,同时采用缓冲液蛋白胨水(BPW)作为前增菌液,对FAPAS(Food Analysis Performance Assessment Scheme)提供婴幼儿配方奶粉进行阪崎肠杆菌定性检测,同时应用VITEK2生化鉴定和16SrDNA序列分析技术对分离的可疑菌落进行确认。结果表明:mLST-Vm选择性增菌肉汤和DFI显色平板可以提高工作效率和阳性检出率,可疑菌落易于识别,VITEK2(全自动微生物生化鉴定系统)和16SrDNA测序技术应用可以实现阪崎肠杆菌高效、快捷的检测。     

乳粉中阪琦肠杆菌的PCR检测

针对我国食品进出口和生产卫生的需要,使用以16 S rRNA基因为靶序列设计合成了一对可扩增282 bp的目的片段的引物,建立了检测阪琦肠杆菌的PCR方法.结果表明,阪琦肠杆菌PCR产物有282 bp的特异性片段,而金黄色葡萄球菌无此目的条带,证实该引物具有特异性.该方法快速、可靠、灵敏,特异性强,可用于食品中阪琦肠杆菌的检测.     

奶粉中阴沟肠杆菌的检测方法研究

本研究发现对奶粉中低含量阴沟肠杆菌的检测,可以采用灭菌蒸馏水36℃增菌24h后,选用自主设计的阴沟肠杆菌分离琼脂进行选择性分离,再用赖氨酸脱羧酶、鸟氨酸脱羧酶、精氨酸双水解酶这一组生化实验进行进一步筛选,最后选择ID 32E或VITEK GNI+进行生化鉴定.     

坂歧肠杆菌感染与婴儿配方奶粉

坂歧肠杆菌，以前被称为“产黄色素阴沟肠杆菌”，1980年冠以此名。全世界由坂歧肠杆菌引起的脑膜炎、败血症、坏死性小肠结肠炎的报告不断增多。大多数病例发生婴幼儿，在一些情况下病死率达80％。虽然坂歧肠杆菌的传染源不很清楚，但婴儿配方奶粉起到了传播媒介的作用。控制配方粉的配制、处置和使用可降低坂歧杆菌的感染率。     

建立一种快速检测坂歧肠杆菌的方法

目的:建立快速检测婴儿配方奶制品(IFM)中坂歧肠杆菌的方法。方法:选择ATCC坂歧肠杆菌标准株,对不同的增菌性培养基、选择性培养基和显色培养基进行研究;结合VITEK仪和API20E细菌鉴定系统,构建快速检测配方奶制品中坂歧肠杆菌的方法。结果:建立的快速检测配方奶制品中坂歧肠杆菌的方法,所需检验流程为72h,方法灵敏度为2CUF/g,能有效区别于阴沟杆菌、产气杆菌等肠杆菌科细菌;方法应用稳定;操作简单、方法可靠,适宜规模化检测。结论:本研究认为,所建立的快速检测配方奶制品中坂歧肠杆菌的方法适宜检验检疫的工作要求,能有效地发现配方奶制品中坂歧肠杆菌的污染情况。     

柳江县市售国产婴幼儿配方粉中阪崎肠杆菌污染监测分析

目的 了解市售国产婴幼儿配方粉中阪崎肠杆菌污染状况,为消费预警提供科学依据。方法 分别按2011、2012年版国家食源性致病菌监测工作手册对市场上11家国内生产的32份婴幼儿配方粉进行检测。结果 32份样品检出2株阪崎肠杆菌,检出率为6.25%。其中婴幼儿配方奶粉中阪崎肠杆菌检出率4.35%(1/23);婴幼儿谷物食品中阪崎肠杆菌检出率11.11%(1/9)。结论 柳江县市售部分婴幼儿配方粉中存在阪崎肠杆菌污染,食用安全隐患不容忽视,应加强监测力度,预防和控制阪崎肠杆菌引起的食物中毒事件发生。     

婴幼儿配方食品中阪崎肠杆菌的计数结果不确定度评定

[目的] 了解专项抽查的婴儿配方食品中的阪崎肠杆菌指标状况,并探讨阪崎肠杆菌的计数结果的不确定度评定方法。[方法] 按照GB 4789.1-2010 《食品微生物学检验 总则》和GB 4789.40-2016 《食品微生物学检验 阪崎肠杆菌检验》进行了抽样和检测, 依据JJF1059.1-2012 《测量不确定度评定与表示》及贝塞尔统计学方法对计数结果进行不确定度评定。[结果]22批次婴儿配方食品中有1批次检出阪崎肠杆菌,检出率为4.55%, 该批次样品中阪崎肠杆菌平均计数为25.5MPN/100g,计数结果扩展标准不确定度为2.72MPN/100g。[结论] 本次评估依据阪崎肠杆菌检计数检验国家标准,对4次保温培养节点进行了分析,结果表明固液混合过程,酵液取样体积,阪崎肠杆菌显色平板上可疑菌落选择和MPN法重复计数的四个不确定度较大,是记数检验过程中的重要环节。     

Survival of Enterobacter sakazakii in a dehydrated powdered infant formula

A quantity of dehydrated powdered infant formula was prepared to contain Enterobacter sakazakii strain 607 at approximately 106 CFU/ml when rehydrated according to the manufacturer's instructions. The survival of the microorganism in the dry formula was followed for 2 years, during which samples periodically were rehydrated and analyzed for viable E. sakazakii. During the initial 5 months of storage at room temperature, viable counts declined approximately 2.4 log cycles. During the subsequent 19 months, the concentration of viable E. sakazakii declined an additional 1.0 log cycle. These results indicate that a small percentage of E. sakazakii cells can survive for extended periods in dehydrated powdered infant formula.     

Inactivation of Enterobacter sakazakii in infant milk formula by gamma irradiation: determination of D10-value

ABSTRACT:  Enterobacter sakazakii is an emerging foodborne pathogen that has caused several cases of meningitis and necrotizing entercolitis in infants and has been associated with infant formulas. Five strains of E. sakazakii were inoculated individually into brain heart infusion broth and rehydrated or dehydrated infant milk formula and exposed to ionizing radiation. E. sakazakii strains in brain heart infusion broth and rehydrated infant milk formula (RIMF) were exposed to irradiation dose of up to 1 kGy while strains in dehydrated infant milk formula (DIMF) were exposed to irradiation dose of up to 9 kGy. The D₁₀-values were determined by using a linear regression model. Average calculated D₁₀-values ranged from 0.21 to 0.29 kGy, 0.24 to 0.37 kGy, and 1.06 to 1.71 kGy in brain heart infusion broth, RIMF, and DIMF, respectively. The results obtained from this study will be useful for powdered infant milk formula industries to reduce the risk associated with E. sakazakii .     

Enterobacter sakazakii survives spray drying

Four strains of Enterobacter sakazakii were inoculated into 35% reconstituted skim milk at 10⁷ and 10² cfu/g dry wt. After spray-drying in a Buchi mini spray drier (inlet 160°C and outlet 90°C), the resulting powders were analysed for E. sakazakii by enrichment and enumeration. In all cases, E. sakazakii survived the spray drying process and were detected in the powders with a low inoculum and enumerated in all the powders with the high inoculum for at least 12 weeks. The results emphasize that the controls in place to prevent E. sakazakii from getting to the spray drier are essential.     

应用核酸层析技术快速检测奶粉中阪崎肠杆菌的研究

结合PCP与胶体金免疫层析试纸条技术建立了核酸层析检测技术用于奶粉中阪崎肠杆菌的快速检测.该技术根据寡-1,6-葡萄糖苷酶基因设计引物,并分别标记生物素和地高辛,通过试纸条上肉眼可见的红色条带对扩增结果进行判断.通过11株阪崎肠杆菌及27株常见致病菌的检测结果说明其特异性强,阪崎肠杆菌纯菌培养检测灵敏度达到103 mL-1,人工污染样品检测限达到0.08 g-1,检测奶粉样品时与传统方法(GB/T 4789.40-2010)相比,无显著性差异(x2=0,P＞0.05).该方法灵敏度高、快速、特异性强,可以很好地应用于奶粉以及其他食品中阪崎肠杆菌的检测与鉴定.     

Gamma radiation sensitivity of Enterobacter sakazakii in dehydrated powdered infant formula

The observed Enterobacter sakazakii D10-values for tryptic soy broth and dehydrated powdered infant formula were 0.27 +/- 0.05 and 0.76 +/- 0.08 kGy, respectively. A decrease of approximately 3 log in the dehydrated powdered infant formula was obtained by irradiation with 3.0 kGy or rehydration with hot water at 80 degrees C. No recoverable bacteria were found in the powdered infant formula irradiated at 5.0 kGy and stored, either before or after rehydration. A radiation dose of up to 5.0 kGy had no marked effect on the sensory properties of the dehydrated powdered infant formula after rehydration and heating. Gamma radiation could potentially be used to inactivate E. sakazakii in dehydrated powdered infant formula; however, nutritional studies need to be conducted before the use of radiation can be recommended.     

Development of an immobilization and detection method of Enterobacter sakazakii from powdered infant formula

Enterobacter sakazakii is an emerging opportunistic pathogen that is associated with rare but life-threatening cases of meningitis, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis in premature and full-term infants. In the present study, a procedure was developed for immobilization of E. sakazakii with zirconium hydroxide coupled with detection by a species-specific duplex PCR, based on 16s-23s rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and ompA gene. Specificity of duplex PCR was tested against two-type strains, six isolates of E. sakazakii and other eight non-E. sakazakii species. When pure culture of E. sakazakii was used for immobilization, total recovery rate ranged from 79.4% to 99.6% of input bacteria, and the detection limit of duplex PCR was 3x10(5)CFU/ml. Different levels of E. sakazakii were inoculated into 90ml reconstituted powdered infant formula (PIF), and detection limit of duplex PCR was 3x10(0)CFU/ml with 24-30h enrichment after immobilization. When the experiment was performed in the presence of 10(2)CFU/ml Salmonella typhimurium, the detection limit of duplex PCR was not affected after enrichment. Seven out of 13 commercial PIF were detected positive by duplex PCR after immobilization, while only three were positive by biological methods. This study demonstrates that the combination of immobilization method with duplex PCR is easy, rapid, and efficient, and may have applications for the detection of E. sakazakii in more PIF samples.     

液态奶中分离的阪崎肠杆菌生物学性状研究

对从巴氏消毒奶、高温灭菌奶中分离的阪崎肠杆菌菌株的培养特征、生化反应、耐热性、抗药性、毒力等生物学性状与标准株进行了比较研究,分析各生物学性状之间的相关性。