自动喷水灭火系统设计流量与喷头布置关系的探讨

计算和归纳了中Ⅰ、中Ⅱ危险级自动喷水灭火系统中,当喷头呈有规律的正方形布置时,系统的设计流量、供水压力与最不利点处作用面积内喷头数量的关系,为工程初步设计阶段快速确定系统水量、水压等参数提供方便。     

关于某人员密集场所的自动喷水灭火系统设计

为了改善某人员密集场所的消防安全水平,预防火灾事故发生,依据消防安全相关规范以及自动喷水灭火系统相关设计标准,对于该场所进行自动喷水灭火系统的设计。根据研究对象实际情况确定自动喷水灭火系统的选型、喷头的选型、喷头的布置、管网的排布、管材的选择及其连接方式。采用矩形面积保护法进行相关水力计算,从而确定泵、气压罐和水泵接合器的选型。经校核,所设计系统符合规范要求,从而为该人员密集场所自动喷水灭火系统的设计提供一定的参考。     

某甲类厂房自动喷水—泡沫联用系统设计相关问题探讨

文章对某甲类厂房内自动喷水—泡沫联用系统的形式、供给强度及保护面积、喷头布置和转换时间等问题进行了分析和探讨,确定了该厂房自动喷水—泡沫联用系统的选用形式、设计水流量、泡沫液量以及泡沫比例混合装置的参数。     

石化仓库ESFR自动喷水灭火系统的设计与应用

自动喷水灭火系统是当今应用最普遍、最为有效的自动灭火设施之一。采用早期抑制快速响应(ESFR)喷头的自动喷水系统在石油化工企业高堆垛仓库和高架库房工程中被广泛应用。通过分析现有国内、国际规范,结合工程应用实例,针对ESFR喷头在设计中可能遇到的一些问题展开探讨,并提出方案对策。     

自喷系统喷头与端墙之间最大距离的探讨

通过对标准喷头的保护面积、喷头强度和工作压力等要素的研究和分析,对《自动喷水灭火系统设计规范》(GB50084-2001)中喷头距端墙的最大距离的规定,提出了笔者的看法,认为设计时对规范不宜生搬硬套,宜在满足喷水强度的前提下,灵活确定喷头与端墙的最大距离。     

民用建筑自动喷水灭火系统的探析

结合设计实践,对自动喷水灭火系统的设置场所、喷头布置、系统水力计算等问题进行了分析与探讨,提出了一些设计思路和方法.     

浅谈自动喷水灭火系统设计

笔者根据设计经验着重讨论了自动喷水灭火系统设计中的喷头选型、间距以及管网的布置形式,探讨了系统稳压实施在自动喷水灭火系统中的应用。     

中变炉层间冷激装置的改造

1 中变炉层间冷激装置中改造 平顶山飞行化工集团二期变换系统采用压力≤20．35MPa中温变换炉，变换炉规格03000mm、H=20325mm．上段装2层中变催化剂，层间有冷凝液冷激喷头，第二层的冷凝装置的冷凝水是由冷凝液泵供给的软水，冷凝装置的喷水装置设计为内置喷水。     

自动喷水灭火系统喷头线型和点型布置探讨

喷头布置是自动喷水灭火系统设计的一个重要环节。针对工程中常见的线型和点型喷头,指出了在此类喷头间距布置中易犯的错误,并提出了其间距计算公式。     

浅谈自动喷水灭火系统设计

自动喷水灭火系统是一种发生火灾时,能够自动打开喷头喷水且联动报警的消防灭火设施,能够有效的控制和扑灭初期火灾,已广泛应用于化工行业消防灭火中。本文简要阐述了自动喷水灭火系统的设计过程,对化工行业工程设计有一定的参考价值。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。