玉米纤维及其混纺纱的性能

对玉米纤维及其与棉的混纺纱的性能进行了测试,通过试验得出:玉米纤维单纤强力一般,断裂伸长率较大,纤维纤度较均匀;混纺纱的单纱强力较好,断裂伸长率较小,条干均匀度好,回潮率较低,导水性非常好,捻度均匀,毛羽较多,对温度比较敏感,耐热性一般,不耐强酸也不耐强碱。     

磁性纤维及其纱线的基本性能

通过对磁性纤维的微观形态结构、单丝力学性能及其混纺纱的断裂强力、回潮率和含水率、耐热性和耐酸碱性等性能的测试发现:磁性纤维表面分布着不规则的磁粉微粒;磁性纤维的断裂伸长率较大;磁性纤维湿纺纱的单纱断裂强力接近300 cN,其延伸性较好,回潮率和含水率均较低,耐干热性良好,耐湿热性较差,耐酸不耐碱,尤其不耐强碱。     

化纤应用及处理

<正>TQ 340.6520144223纽代尔纤维-细旦聚酯纤维混纺纱性能与混纺比的关系YangQingbin…;AdvancedMaterialsResearch(Durnt?en-Zurich,Switzerland),2013,709,p.207(英)测试了纽代尔纤维-细旦聚酯纤维混纺纱的强度、伸长率、不匀率和毛羽数。通过对测试结果的分析,确定了混纺纱最佳的混纺比。(殷天惠)混纺纤维聚酯工艺参数20144224含有酚醛纤维的混纺织物性能研究LiuZhengqin…;AdvancedMaterialsResearch(Durnten-Zurich,Switzerland),2013,709,p.242(英)     

大豆蛋白纤维/长绒棉混纺纱粗节的改进研究

结合大豆蛋白纤维/长绒棉50/50 11.8 tex混纺纱的生产实践经验,并依据大豆蛋白纤维和长绒棉原料的特性,对清花工序给棉罗拉与打手隔距、梳棉工序锡刺比、并条工序的牵伸倍数、粗纱工序后区牵伸倍数、细纱罗拉隔距、络筒电清工艺等6个方面对成纱粗节的影响进行分析。结果表明:合理选择各工序的工艺参数,可有效降低大豆蛋白纤维/长绒棉混纺纱的粗节,提高成品纱的品质。     

最新专利

<正>一种含阻燃聚酯纤维和聚芳酯纤维的混纺纱的生产方法(申请号CN201910177179. 0公开日2020. 06. 12申请人东华大学)本发明涉及一种含阻燃聚酯纤维和聚芳酯纤维的混纺纱的生产方法,分别将阻燃聚酯纤维粗纱和聚芳酯纤维粗纱共同进行赛络纺制得混纺纱;阻燃聚酯纤维粗纱是由阻燃聚酯纤维经预处理工序、开清棉工序、梳棉工序、二道并条工序和粗纱工序制得的;聚芳酯纤维粗纱是由聚芳酯纤维经预处理工序、开清棉工序、梳棉工序、精梳工序、一道并条工序和粗纱工序制得的。本发明的一种含阻燃聚酯纤维和聚芳酯     

Argazol NF活性染料对牛奶/棉混纺织物的染色研究

针对牛奶纤维不耐碱的特点,选择雅格素中性固色活性染料对牛奶/棉混纺织物进行染色研究。研究结果表明:染色温度对上染率的影响较大;染料浓度2%时,75℃保温90分钟、85℃保温60分钟、95℃保温45分钟染色的上染率相当,约为77%;低温长时染色条件更适宜对牛奶/棉混纺织物染色,75℃保温90分钟的染色效果最好;雅格素中性固色活性染料对牛奶纤维/棉混纺织物染色适宜染淡、中色,牢度较好。染料浓度低于4%时,提升性较好。     

医用改性海藻纤维的制备及性能研究

选用海藻酸钠、仙鹤草为原料,添加一定量聚乙烯醇(PVA),配制共混纺丝液,采用湿法纺丝技术制备医用改性海藻纤维,并对其相关性能进行了测试。测试结果表明:添加了PVA和仙鹤草的海藻纤维与纯海藻纤维相比较,其干、湿态下的断裂强度和断裂伸长率均有所增加,纤维水浸液对水的pH值影响较小,纤维吸液能力增强,止血效果显著,抗菌性能符合国家标准。     

海藻酸纤维对铜离子的吸附性能

为了研究不同各类的海藻酸纤维对铜离子的吸附性能,用盐酸及硫酸钠水溶液处理海藻钙纤维,分别得到海藻及海藻酸钙钠纤维,把三种纤维分别与含铜离子的水溶液接触后,在不同的时间段测试溶液中铜离子的深度,结果表示：海藻酸、海藻酸钙及海藻酸钙钠纤维对铜均有较好的吸附性能,其平衡吸附容易分别为68.6mg/g,81.7mg/g和71.0mg/g,海藻酸钙纤维的吸附容量在三种纤维中最高,由于海藻酸钙钠纤维遇水后可以很快地吸水膨胀,其吸附速度较其它两种纤维快.     

海藻酸钙纤维的结构与性能

研究了自制的海藻酸钙纤维的结构、热性能、燃烧性能以及对酸、碱和盐溶液的化学稳定性能。结果表明:海藻酸钙纤维的微观形态和粘胶纤维的相似,红外光谱结果证实了海藻酸钙纤维中"egg-box"结构的存在;海藻酸钙纤维的化学稳定性较差,随着处理液浓度和温度的升高,以及处理时间的延长,其稳定性越差;海藻酸钙纤维的热稳定性较好,极限氧指数为34.4,具有很好的阻燃性,属于难燃纤维。     

生物质胶原蛋白纤维性能测试及对纺纱的影响分析

测试了生物质胶原蛋白纤维的力学性能、卷曲性、回潮率、质量比电阻等,并和棉、毛、丝等纤维进行对比。实验结果表明,胶原蛋白纤维拉伸强度较大,卷曲弹性较好,回潮率略低于棉,含油率适中,纺纱性能优良。     

Colour gamut of natural dyes on cotton yarns

Cotton fibres were dyed using various natural dyes alone and in combination to yield six basic shades: blue, yellow, red, black, green and fawn. These dyed fibres were then blended in various proportions along with undyed cotton fibres and spun on a rotor-spinning machine to produce 204 coloured yarns. The fastness properties of the six basic shades were determined. The L * a * b * and L * C * h values of the yarns having 50% dyed fibre and 50% undyed cotton fibre was also determined. The values were plotted to obtain the colour gamut of natural dyes on cotton yarns.     

Effect of chemical fibres on the structure of cottonized-fibre-containing yarn

A correlation is established between the geometric characteristics of natural (cotton, cottonized fibre) and chemical (viscose, polyamide, polyester) fibres with the features of their distribution in blended yarn and the stability of spinning the latter by different methods. Ways of increasing the stability of manufacture of blended yarns containing cottonized fibre are substantiated and their validity is confirmed by the positive results of industrial tests of the yarns at plants in the Ivanovo and Kostroma regions.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 53–56, November–December, 2004.     

聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯/羊毛混纺纱的拉伸性能

采用测试分析和三元件力学模型模拟,系统地探讨了聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)/羊毛混纺纱线的拉伸性能。与聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯(PET)/羊毛混纺纱相比,PTT/羊毛混纺纱在整个拉伸过程中表现出较低的拉伸模量,纱线的断裂强力约为PET/羊毛混纺纱的2/3,断裂伸长率为PET/羊毛混纺纱的1.4倍。三元件力学模型能够很好地模拟PTT/羊毛和PET/羊毛混纺纱的拉伸曲线。     

Study of electrospinning of sodium alginate,blended solutions of sodium alginate/poly(vinyl alcohol) and sodium alginate/poly(ethylene oxide)

Alginate is an interesting natural biopolymer for many of its merits and good biological properties. This paper investigates the electrospinning of sodium alginate (NaAlg), NaAlg/PVA‐ and NaAlg/PEO‐ blended systems. It was found in this research that although NaAlg can easily be dissolved in water, the aqueous NaAlg solution could not be electrospun into ultrafine nanofibers. To overcome the poor electrospinnability of NaAlg solution, synthetic polymers such as PEO and PVA solutions were blended with NaAlg solution to improve its spinnability. The SEM images of electrospun nanofibers showed that the alginate (2%, w/v)–PVA (8%, w/v) blended system in the volume ratio of 70 : 30 and the alginate (2%, w/v)–PEO (8% w/v) blended system in the volume ratio of 50 : 50 could be electrospun into finest and uniform nanofibers with average diameters of 118.3 nm (diameter distribution, 75.8–204 nm) and 99.1 nm (diameter distribution, 71–122 nm), respectively. Rheological studies showed a strong dependence of spinnability and fiber morphology on solution viscosity and thus on the alginate‐to‐synthetic polymer (PVA or PEO) blend ratios. FTIR studies indicate that there are the hydrogen bonding interactions due to the ether oxygen of PEO (or the hydroxyl groups of PVA) and the hydroxyl groups of NaAlg. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

干爽型调温织物的开发

以热舒适理论、织物中水传导机制、相变蓄热调温机制为基础,构建了干爽型调温织物的结构模型。采用Coolmax混纺纱、黏胶纱、Outlast空调纤维混纺纱为原料,设计织造了5种纱线原料含量比不同的机织物小样,并对试样的吸湿速干性能以及调温性能进行测试分析。结果表明:开发的干爽型调温织物可同时达到吸湿速干与调温的效果。     

Effect of hyperbranched poly(trimellitic glyceride)/oxidized starch composite sizing agent on the adhesion of polyester yarns

Oxidized starch is an environmentally friendly sizing agent, but lacks adhesion to polyester yarns. In this study, hyperbranched poly(trimellitic glyceride)/oxidized starch (PTG/OS) as the composite sizing agent is used for sizing polyester yarns. The properties of sizing film, sizing paste, and sizing yarns are studied. When PTG content ranges from 2 to 10 wt%, tensile strength of PTGs/OS films are higher than that of oxidized starch film, and increase as molecular weight of PTG increase. Tensile strength of OS, PTG-1/OS, PTG-2/OS, and PTG-3/OS films with 10 wt% PTG is 20.5, 22.4, 23.8, and 27.6 MPa, respectively. Apparent viscosity and viscosity stability of PTG/OS paste increases with the increase of PTG molecular weight. Breaking force, elongation at break and work-to-break of sizing polyester yarns by PTG/OS increase with the increase of PTG content in composite sizing agents, and the improvement on the tensile properties of sizing polyester yarns by PTG/OS becomes better with increase of PTG molecular weight. It is attributed to the stronger affinity among oxidized starch, PTG and polyester, which is verified by FT-IR, XPS, and SEM. Oxidized starch blended hyperbranched poly(trimellitic glyceride) has the potential application for sizing polyester yarns in weaving process.     

Comparison of the effects of various presettings on the colour of polyamide 6.6 dyed with acid dyestuffs

Polymeric fibres are semicrystalline structures in which the macromolecules are rarely oriented in their equilibrium state. Further instabilities are imparted when the fibres are converted to yarns and the yarns to fabrics. Heat-setting is an important industrial process, as it reduces the fibre strain to an acceptable limit. This paper presents results of a study on the effects of various presettings (heat-, steam- and hot water-setting processes) on the dyeing properties of polyamide 6.6 fibres with acid dyestuffs. It was found that the colour yield is lower for dyed samples after dry heat-setting, but in the case of samples that have been hot water-set or steam-set, the colour yield increases slightly for light shades and remains constant for dark shades, compared with the unset dyed sample.     

Dyeing of a blended knit made of cotton and modified Nitron fibre

Dyeing of a blended knit based on cotton fibre and modified Nitron fibre was investigated. The effect of the Nitron fibre modifier on the degree of fixation and sorption of the dye by the fibre was established. Incorporation of up to 50% modified Nitron fibre in the structure of the cotton-fibre knit increases the degree of fixation of active dye.     

Towards the design of a blending system for precoloured fibres

In order to create a commercial system for blending precoloured fibres that will appear visually solid once combined, it is necessary to understand the maximum colour difference required between the blend components. Based on this understanding, the lowest number of primaries required to populate a given colour gamut can be determined. A series of psychophysical experiments was carried out to explore the colour difference between fibre‐blend components and whether the resulting blended samples are perceived as visually solid. Experiments were carried out with loose stock fibre, yarn and knitted samples. Generally, it was found that the likelihood a blend appeared as visually solid increased as the average colour difference between the blend components, or primaries, decreased. The value of the mean colour difference at which 50% of participants viewed the blend as being visually solid was found to be 20.8, 20.5 and 18.0 for fibre, yarn and knitted samples, respectively. Consequently, it was found that it was more difficult to obtain a solid shade with the knitted form than with the loose stock fibre form.     

The influence of yarn-processing parameters on the tensile properties and structure of poly(l-lactic acid) fibres

This paper examines the influence of processing parameters on the physical properties and structure of yarns constructed from poly(l-lactic acid) (PLLA) fibres. Commercially produced spun- and false-twist texturised (FTT) PLLA yarns, and knitted fabrics derived there from were characterised in terms of their tensile properties, and structurally using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide angle X-ray diffraction. The effects of pre-dye heat-setting at 130 °C for varying times was assessed in terms of the resultant tensile properties of the yarns. The as-received FTT yarns (and hence their derived fabrics) differed in properties and fibre microstructure as compared to the spun yarns (and fabrics). More significantly, for both FTT and spun materials, differences in fibre properties and structure were observed between yarns removed from the fabrics and their respective feed-yarns. We associate this with possible thermomechanical influences experienced by the fibres during the knitting process. The duration of heat-setting influenced the tensile properties and DSC spectra for both types of yarn. Scouring following heat-setting was also carried out, and this produced no measurable additional effect on the spun yarns, but FTT yarns heat-set for less than ca 45 s showed instability to scouring.