共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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在可持续发展已成为全球各国共识的今天,合理且高效地研发及利用可再生生物质能源成为国内外各大课题组研究的热点及方向。而纳米纤维素作为典型的生物质可再生材料,将其应用到环境治理领域成为再好不过的选择。同时,以纳米纤维素为基体制备的气凝胶作为第三代气凝胶材料,具有高孔隙率、高比表面积、低密度、低介电常数和较高的吸附性等性能,在染料吸附、油污吸附、重金属离子吸附、CO 2气体吸附等吸附领域有着广阔的应用前景。综述了纳米纤维素的制备方法、纳米纤维素基气凝胶的制备工艺及其在吸附领域的应用,探讨了纳米纤维素基气凝胶在研发中存在的问题,展望了纳米纤维素基气凝胶在吸附领域的未来发展方向。 相似文献
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较为系统地综述了以生物质为原料制备功能性生物质基碳素新材料的方法及其应用的研究进展.着重介绍了干法碳化和湿法碳化制备生物质基碳材料,并阐述了生物质基碳材料在吸附、陶瓷化、电磁屏蔽和吸波、电化学储能(锂离子电池和电化学电容器)及光催化等领域的应用.提出了生物质基碳素新材料今后的研究方向,展望了其发展前景. 相似文献
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通过现有文献的研究总结了生物质基的制备方法,主要通过物理改性方法制备出生物质基三维多孔碳载体、生物质气凝胶等封装相变材料防止泄露;通过高分子聚合、静电纺丝等化学制备法实现对相变材料的封装。针对复合相变材料导热性能差提出多孔材料吸附、微胶囊化、添加导热材料等方法以提高导热性能。对比了以无机多孔材料为载体和以生物质多孔基为载体的不同复合材料的导热系数,分析两种载体的优缺点。同时指出多元混合相变材料与生物质微胶囊化的研究方向,且目前在生物质基的基础上添加高导热材料的研究相对较少,对此不足之处进行探究,在未来可以制备出性能更佳的复合材料应用于更多领域。 相似文献
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木质素作为一种储量丰富、廉价可再生的生物质资源,广泛存在于植物类纤维原料中。木质素是由苯丙烷单元通过醚键和碳碳键连接而成的三维网络状芳香族高聚物,结构中含有丰富的醇羟基、酚羟基、羧基和甲氧基等功能性基团,可通过改性或与其他材料复合,是一类极具潜质的功能性高分子,可应用于油田、煤炭、建材、农业、医药等行业,尤其在吸附材料领域中的应用逐渐成为实现木质素高值化利用的途径之一。介绍了以木质素为原料制备吸附材料,包括多孔碳、水凝胶、气凝胶以及木质素基复合材料等,综述了木质素吸附材料在处理染料、重金属离子、气体等方面的应用研究进展,并就木质素吸附材料的未来研究工作进行了展望。 相似文献
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碳气凝胶在电化学领域中的应用研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
碳气凝胶是一种新型的非晶态纳米材料,具有比表面积高(600~1 100m2/g)、孔隙率高(80%~98%)和物理化学性能稳定等优点,特别适合作为催化剂及其载体。并且碳气凝胶具有极低的热导率和良好的导电性能,这使得碳气凝胶在耐高温材料和电化学领域中表现出极大的应用前景。近年来,碳气凝胶作为电化学能源材料得到了蓬勃的发展。本文针对现状主要介绍了碳气凝胶的制备工艺,并全面综述了碳气凝胶在燃料电池、锂离子电池和电化学超级电容器等电化学领域中的主要应用研究进展。 相似文献
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以间苯二酚和甲醛为原料水热制备有机气凝胶,在碳化过程中使用KOH作活化剂制备出孔结构丰富的碳气凝胶。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)及N2吸脱附法等手段对材料的结构及形貌表征,考察了活化剂用量、染料初始浓度、接触时间等因素对亚甲基蓝在碳气凝胶上吸附的影响,并进行了吸附类型和吸附动力学研究。结果表明:活化剂的加入使碳气凝胶材料的孔结构更加丰富,当活化剂与有机气凝胶的质量比达到2∶1时,其吸附性能最佳。碳气凝胶去除亚甲基蓝的吸附行为符合二级动力学模型。吸附类型为Langmuir吸附模型。 相似文献
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碳气凝胶是一种具有三维多尺度结构的新型轻质多孔材料,其特点是高比表面积、高孔隙率、低密度、高耐热和导电性。当前,碳气凝胶在应变传感器、超级电容器、电磁屏蔽、吸波材料、隔热防火、高效吸附等领域有广泛的应用研究。文中介绍了碳气凝胶的制备方法,包括溶剂热还原法、冷冻干燥法以及模板法;综述了几种复合型碳气凝胶在应变传感器上的应用;对复合型碳气凝胶制备应变传感器的发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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N.?Hebalkar G.?Arabale S.?R.?Sainkar S.?D.?Pradhan I.?S.?Mulla K.?Vijayamohanan P.?Ayyub S.?K.?Kulkarni
Carbon aerogel is a promising material for electrochemical double layer capacitors. In this paper carbon aerogels prepared by subcritical drying method are investigated for the change in the structure and surface properties at different pyrolysis temperatures. The important relations between structure, morphology, surface area and electrical properties were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), surface area measurement and cyclic voltametry. It is shown that structure and the surface functional groups play important role in enhancement of electrochemical capacitance. The specific capacitance achieved was 114 F/gm which is quite large value for subcritically prepared carbon aerogels without any kind of activation process. 相似文献
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Lee YJ Jung JC Park S Seo JG Baeck SH Yoon JR Yi J Song IK 《Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology》2011,11(7):6528-6532
Carbon aerogel was prepared by polycondensation of resorcinol with formaldehyde using sodium carbonate as a catalyst in ambient conditions. Nano-sized Ni-doped carbon aerogel was then prepared by a precipitation method in an ethanol solvent. In order to elucidate the effect of nickel content on electrochemical properties, Ni-doped carbon aerogels (21, 35, 60, and 82 wt%) were prepared and their performance for supercapacitor electrode was investigated. Electrochemical properties of Ni-doped carbon aerogel electrodes were measured by cyclic voltammetry at a scan rate of 10 mV/sec and charge/discharge test at constant current of 1 A/g in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Among the samples prepared, 35 wt% Ni-doped carbon aerogel (Ni/CA-35) showed the highest capacitance (110 F/g) and excellent charge/discharge behavior. The enhanced capacitance of Ni-doped carbon aerogel was attributed to the faradaic redox reactions of nano-sized nickel oxide. Moreover, Ni-doped carbon aerogel exhibited quite stable cyclability, indicating long-term electrochemical stability. 相似文献
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利用高长径比的纤维素纳米纤丝(CNF)与片层结构的氧化石墨烯(GO)形成的CNF-GO复合水凝胶经抗坏血酸还原制备出CNF-还原氧化石墨烯(rGO)复合水凝胶材料。通过冷冻干燥法得到CNF-rGO复合气凝胶,并进一步通过苯胺单体在CNF-rGO复合气凝胶的孔道内原位聚合制备出CNF-rGO/聚苯胺(PANI)气凝胶柔性电极复合材料。研究了不同苯胺、CNF和GO的质量比对CNF-rGO/PANI气凝胶柔性电极复合材料的结构形貌和电化学性能的影响。结果表明,苯胺原位聚合后所得CNF-rGO/PANI复合气凝胶仍具有紧密的三维多孔网络结构。与rGO/PANI气凝胶电极复合材料相比,CNF-rGO/PANI气凝胶电极复合材料具有更理想的电容行为。当CNF与GO质量比为60∶40,PANI添加量为0.1 mol时,CNF-rGO/PANI气凝胶电极复合材料比电容可达85.9 Fg-1,且其电化学性能几乎不受弯曲程度的影响,展现出了良好的柔韧性和电化学性能。 相似文献
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Carbon aerogel (CA) was prepared by a sol-gel polymerization of resorcinol and formaldehyde, and a series of activated carbon aerogels (ACA-KOH-X, X = 0, 0.3, 0.7, 1, and 2) were then prepared by a chemical activation using different amount of potassium hydroxide (X represented weight ratio of KOH with respect to CA). Specific capacitances of activated carbon aerogels were measured by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge methods in 6 M KOH electrolyte. Among the samples prepared, ACA-KOH-0.7 showed the highest specific capacitance (149 F/g). In order to combine excellent electrochemical performance of activated carbon aerogel with pseudocapacitive property of manganese oxide, 7 wt% Mn was doped on activated carbon aerogel (Mn/ACA-KOH-0.7) by an incipient wetness impregnation method. For comparison, 7 wt% Mn was also impregnated on carbon aerogel (Mn/ACA-KOH-0) by the same method. It was revealed that 7 wt% Mn-doped activated carbon aerogel (Mn/ACA-KOH-0.7) showed higher specific capacitance than 7 wt% Mn-doped carbon aerogel (Mn/ACA-KOH-0) (178 F/g vs. 98 F/g). The enhanced capacitance of Mn/ACA-KOH-0.7 was attributed to the outstanding electric properties of activated carbon aerogel as well as the faradaic redox reactions of manganese oxide. 相似文献
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基于绿色低成本的单宁所具有的大量反应性羟基,其与醛类反应具有与苯酚或间苯二酚相似的机制。在传统的酚醛树脂基(苯酚-尿素-甲醛)炭气凝胶的基础上,通过添加单宁进行改性,成功制备出新型高效的CO2吸附用酚醛基炭气凝胶。通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)和氮气吸脱附测试对其表面化学和孔隙结构进行了系统表征,同时通过CO2吸脱附测试对其CO2吸附量、选择性吸附及吸附热等进行了研究。结果表明:以绿色可再生的生物质原料单宁对原料进行部分取代,不仅可以显著降低产品成本,还可以明显改善其CO2的吸附性能。当单宁的添加量(15 g)为苯酚用量的50wt%时,样品具有最大的比表面积(1 376.31 m2·g-1)和微孔体积(0.55 cm3·g-1),是一种极具潜力的气体吸附材料。其相应的CO2吸附量高达5.36 mmol·g-1,选择性吸附和吸附热则分别为16.84和34.49 kJ·mol-1<... 相似文献
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Lucas J. Andrew Emma R. Gillman Christopher M. Walters Erlantz Lizundia Mark J. MacLachlan 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2023,19(34):2301947
The development of long-lived electrochemical energy storage systems based on renewable materials is integral for the transition toward a more sustainable society. Supercapacitors have garnered considerable interest given their impressive cycling performance, low cost, and safety. Here, the first example of a chiral nematic activated carbon aerogel is shown. Specifically, supercapacitor materials are developed based on cellulose, a non-toxic and biodegradable material. The chiral nematic structure of cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) is harnessed to obtain free-standing hierarchically ordered activated carbon aerogels. To impart multifunctionality, iron- and cobalt-oxide nanoparticles are incorporated within the CNC matrix. The hierarchical structure remains intact even at nanoparticle concentrations of ≈70 wt%. The aerogels are highly porous, with specific surface areas up to 820 m2 g−1. A maximum magnetization of 17.8 ± 0.1 emu g−1 with superparamagnetic behavior is obtained, providing a base for actuator applications. These materials are employed as symmetric supercapacitors; owing to the concomitant effect of the hierarchically arranged carbon skeleton and KOH activation, a maximum Cp of 294 F g−1 with a capacitance retention of 93% after 2500 cycles at 50 mV s−1 is achieved. The multifunctionality of the composite aerogels opens new possibilities for the use of biomass-derived materials in energy storage and sensing applications. 相似文献