燃用高灰分、低热值劣质烟煤层燃锅炉特点分析

分析了高灰分、低热值劣质烟煤的燃烧特点,详尽介绍了燃劣质烟煤的层燃燃烧方式的选取;锅炉整体布置;辅机选取;运行调整.     

劣质烟煤在层燃炉上的高效燃烧

分析高灰份、低热值劣质烟煤的燃烧特点,燃劣质烟煤的层燃燃烧方式的选取、锅炉整体布置、辅机选取、运行调整.     

在层燃炉上高效燃烧高灰份、低热值劣质烟煤的几点思考

文章分析了高灰份、低热值劣质烟煤的燃烧特点,详尽介绍了燃劣质烟煤的层燃燃烧方式的选取;锅炉整体布置;辅机选取;运行调整.     

劣质烟煤燃烧问题的讨论

根据1976年底召开的电站锅炉燃烧技术会议上的介绍和讨论,本文综述了各单位几年来燃烧劣质烟煤的经验。劣质烟煤的特点是水份多、灰份高和热值低,因此对燃用这种煤的锅炉设备也提出了一些特殊要求。文中着重综述了炉膛热负荷、燃烧器的形式和布置、切圆直径、一二次风比例、三次风等问题。     

低NOX燃烧技术及其在我国燃煤电站锅炉中的应用

针对我国以煤为主的电力状况，对我国电站锅炉目前采用的低氧燃烧、空气分级和燃料分级燃烧的各影响因素进行了分析和总结，根据采用某些低NOx燃烧技术后尚不能使燃用低挥发份无烟煤、贫煤和劣质烟煤的电站锅炉NOx排放达到国家标准要求的事实，指出了进一步进行降低燃用以上煤种NOx排放水平的空气分级和燃料分级燃烧技术研究的必要。图2参12     

淮北电厂1号炉燃用淮北劣质烟煤的经验

淮北电厂1号炉为上海锅炉厂SG-220-100-1型烟煤锅炉。为了适应燃用劣质烟煤,曾在该炉上进行了燃烧调整试验。在试验基础上刘一、二次风的配比作了一些改进,同时对直吹式煤粉管道的布置和防止堵粉等问题进行了探讨。通过上述运行调整,该炉目前已能安全经济运行。     

富集型燃烧器在单独燃用合山劣质烟煤锅炉上的应用

合山劣质烟煤是我国燃烧特性最差的一种动力用煤.现有燃烧器在合山电厂400 t/h的4号煤粉炉上单独燃用合山煤时,出现燃烧稳定性较差、燃烧效率低等问题.采用稳燃性能优异的富集型燃烧器对下两排一次风燃烧器实施改造,并针对合山煤高灰高硫特点采取一些防范措施.改造后,锅炉单独燃用合山煤时燃烧稳定,飞灰含碳量和大渣含碳量均小于3 %,锅炉效率大幅度地提高了近10 %,达到90 %,炉内受热面和燃烧器没有出现严重的结渣和明显的高温腐蚀.     

“双前拱”燃烧技术在层燃链条锅炉上的应用

“双前拱”是一种新型的锅炉炉拱，它使煤得到更充分的燃烧，火焰温度提高约２００℃，锅炉效率提高１０％以上，节煤效果显著。采用该炉拱后，锅炉还可以正常燃用劣质烟煤，甚至无烟煤，有利于开发利用煤炭资源。     

往复炉排热水锅炉的研究与试验

介绍燃用劣质烟煤的往复炉排锅炉的结构设计特点及其性能试验结果。     

宽筛分流化床锅炉的扬析

一、前言 流化床燃烧锅炉具有强化传热,强化燃烧、降硝和脱硫等特点,并能燃烧其它方式难于利用的各种燃料,例如油页岩、劣质烟煤、劣质无烟煤、褐煤、矸石等,为充分利用能资源开阔了一条新的途径。由于具有上述许多优点,因而得到了迅速发展。     

褐煤提质技术浅析

褐煤因其热值低、含水量高、易风化自燃等特点,给其燃烧、运输、储存等方面带来了很多困难,如何实现褐煤的高效利用已成为亟待解决的问题。褐煤提质是指褐煤通过干燥或热解工艺降低水分、转化成具有烟煤性质的提质煤。提质技术已成为近年来褐煤应用方面的主要研究方向之一。     

不同采矿深度准东煤物化特性和燃烧性能研究

选取天池能源浅层和深层煤样进行研究,以大同烟煤作为对比,了解采矿深度对煤质及燃烧特性的影响,为准东煤的勘探和燃烧提供必要的理论依据。研究发现,随着采矿深度的增加,煤中水分减少、灰分降低、发热量增加、含硫量减少,煤质更加接近烟煤;煤灰中Fe2O3明显减少,煤的结渣趋势减轻;煤的着火温度略有降低,燃烧速率提高,燃烧特性变好。与大同烟煤相比,准东煤高水分、低发热量、低氮含量,燃烧时着火温度显著降低且燃烧速率低。     

The peculiar influence of the mineral impurities content in coal-water fuel on the regularities of fuel drop ignition and combustion

This paper presents the results of the comparative research of combustion specifics of coal-water fuel produced from low-ash and high-ash Ukrainian flame coal. The analysis shows that the effect of the ash content in the coal-water fuel on the duration of the burning of a fuel drop depends on the drop size. The full combustion time of CWF drop based on the low-ash coal can be both less and longer than that of high-ash coal under the identical conditions for different equivalent diameters of the fuel drop. This specific is explained with the domination of different physical factors during the fuel combustion process.The results of this research extend significantly our knowledge of coal-water fuel, allow understanding some issues of its combustion and are important for the design of the specialized energy facility which is used coal-water fuel as an energy source.     

浅谈一台35 t/h差速流化床锅炉的设计

本文介绍了笔者在锅炉设计中采用高低差速床燃烧技术,焚烧芙蓉贫煤的研制心得.     

Experimental investigation on ignition and burnout characteristics of semi-coke and bituminous coal blends

Ignition and burnout characteristics of semi-coke and bituminous coal blends were investigated by thermogravimetric analyzer and drop tube furnace. The results showed that the ignitability index and the comprehensive combustion characteristic index of the blends decrease as the blending proportion of semi-coke increases, but the average activation energy of the blends increases gradually. Ignition mode of bituminous coal is changed from homogeneous to hetero-homogeneous ignition with the increasing of semi-coke content in the blends. When the mixing proportion of semi-coke is lower than 45%, the burnout rate is lower than the weighted value in the early stage of combustion and gradually higher than the weighted value with the development of combustion process. However, the burnout is always lower than the weighted value to mix with 67% semi-coke. Increasing furnace temperature from 850 °C to 1050 °C can improve the mid-term reaction process, alleviate the negative effects of semi-coke on the co-combustion process and increase the burnout rate. So less than 45% semi-coke blending ratio and increasing furnace temperature are recommended for semi-coke and bituminous coal co-combustion.     

Thermogravimetric kinetics on catalytic combustion of bituminous coal

The catalytic combustion and non-isothermal kinetics of bituminous coal by CeO₂, Fe₂O₃, and NiO were investigated. The exothermic characteristics during catalytic combustion of bituminous coal were determined. Based on the Coats-Redfern method by introducing the function of kinetics mechanisms, the activation energies and pre-exponential factors of catalytic combustion of bituminous coal were estimated iteratively by regression. It is found that the catalysts promoted the transport of oxygen to the coal or char surface and effectively improved the combustion characteristics of bituminous coal. Under the same experimental conditions, the exothermic values were significantly increased and the catalysts of composite oxides exhibited higher exothermic values than pure metal oxide catalysts. The metal oxides significantly reduced the activation energies of bituminous coal combustion. SEM analysis presented that combustion residues became more porous with the addition of the catalyst.     

Effects of High-temperature Char Layer and Pyrolysis Gas on NOx Reduction in a Typical Decoupling Combustion Coal-fired Stove

The suppression of nitrogen oxides(NO_x) is the key to reducing pollutant emission of a domestic coal-fired stove due to the limitation of technology condition and economic cost. The decoupling combustion(DC) technology invented by Institute of Process Engineering(IPE), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) is characterized by that a traditional stove is separated into a pyrolysis and a combustion chamber as well as a bottom passage between them. In this study, the combustion of briquette from bituminous coal in different operation modes in a typical decoupling stove is tested and simulated to validate the advantage of DC technology over so-called reverse combustion. The smokeless and high-efficiency combustion of bituminous briquette with low emissions of NO_x and CO can be implemented by utilizing low NO_x combustion under low temperature and reduction atmosphere in the pyrolysis chamber as well as after-combustion of char and pyrolysis gas under high temperature and oxidation atmosphere in the combustion chamber. The effects of the main reducing components in pyrolysis gas as well as char on NO_x reduction were numerically investigated in this study, which shows that the reducing ability increases gradually from CH_4, CO to char, but the combined reducing ability of them cannot be determined by a simple addition.     

低NO_X燃烧技术对填充球蓄热室传热性能的影响

通过数值计算 ,研究了低 NOX燃烧技术 ,包括低氧燃烧和烟气再循环 ,对填充球蓄热室传热性能的影响。结果表明 ,低NOX燃烧技术应用到蓄热燃烧系统上合适与否 ,与燃料的热值水平有关。当燃用低热值燃料时 ,采用低氧燃烧技术是保证高热回收率和低 NOX排放量的有效途径