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对起重机械金属结构裂纹缺陷的识别是红外热成像检测技术的新方向。介绍了脉冲红外热成像技术检测原理,设计了脉冲红外热成像检测系统,并根据脉冲红外热成像检测系统搭建了脉冲红外热成像检测系统实验平台。采用中值滤波和巴特沃斯低通滤波对实验中采集到的红外图像进行图像处理,并针对以上算法处理后缺陷轮廓边缘模糊的问题,提出了巴特沃斯带通滤波算法。对图像进行阈值分割、边缘检测后提取出缺陷轮廓特征,根据平板试件的实际尺寸和轮廓特征图像像素之间的换算关系,最终得到裂纹缺陷的识别精度。经过对比验证,脉冲红外热成像技术可以满足对起重机械金属结构裂纹缺陷检测的检测需求。 相似文献
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对起重机械金属结构裂纹缺陷的识别是红外热成像检测技术的新方向。介绍了脉冲红外热成像技术检测原理,设计了脉冲红外热成像检测系统,并根据脉冲红外热成像检测系统搭建了脉冲红外热成像检测系统实验平台。采用中值滤波和巴特沃斯低通滤波对实验中采集到的红外图像进行图像处理,并针对以上算法处理后缺陷轮廓边缘模糊的问题,提出了巴特沃斯带通滤波算法。对图像进行阈值分割、边缘检测后提取出缺陷轮廓特征,根据平板试件的实际尺寸和轮廓特征图像像素之间的换算关系,最终得到裂纹缺陷的识别精度。经过对比验证,脉冲红外热成像技术可以满足对起重机械金属结构裂纹缺陷检测的检测需求。 相似文献
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红外热图具有高噪声、低对比度的特点,设计了图像增强环节解决该问题。对红外热图的频段分布和频段来源进行了分析,确定了有效频段为检测对象红外特性带来的高频段,并确定了增强该频段能量为图像增强环节的目标。针对红外热图频段的分布特点,基于处理目标,使用灰度值调整和巴特沃斯滤波对图像进行了处理,通过图像显示和大律法分割图像两种方法来检验图像增强效果。结果表明:经过设计增强环节,图像的对比度增强,噪声降低,对缺陷的分割更加准确,验证了增强方法的有效性,为更加准确地进行缺陷识别和尺寸定量计算打下了基础。 相似文献
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针对钢水红外热图像存在各种噪声造成最后的钢水温度测量精度低的问题,本文提出基于模糊滤波的混合噪声处理方法.该方法通过对模糊滤波器的设计以及隶属函数的训练,可以有效地对由加性高斯噪声与非加性脉冲噪声组成的混合噪声进行处理,提高钢水红外热图像的均方差和峰值信噪比.并通过搭建实验平台,利用基于模糊滤波器的混合噪声处理方法对不同温度下的钢水红外图像进行噪声处理.此外基于红外热图像灰度值与温度之间的关系,对去噪前后的钢水红外热图像对应的温度进行分析,并与热电偶测量的实时钢水温度进行对比,验证所提方法对提高测量钢水温度准确度的有效性. 相似文献
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数字散斑照相术提取的数字散斑条纹图存在信噪比低、强度弱的特点,因此需要对图像进行滤波除噪。为了比较不同的滤波方法对散斑条纹图的除噪效果,笔者在MATLAB中采用中值滤波、巴特沃斯低通滤波、指数低通滤波以及同态滤波对提取的条纹图进行处理并就处理结果做出了分析比较。实验结果表明,以上方法都能从噪声中提取信号,其中中值滤波除噪效果最好。 相似文献
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针对脉冲涡流热成像检测技术中原始红外图像信噪比较低、温度对比性较差以及存在邻近效应和不均匀加热的问题,将奇异值分解法应用到热图序列的处理中以增强重构图像中的缺陷特征.介绍了奇异值分解法的原理,用奇异值分解法对实验中采集到的热图序列进行处理,以信噪比为指标对图像的处理效果进行评定.结果表明奇异值分解法能够抽取红外热图序列反映缺陷信息特征,可消除邻近效应和不均匀加热的影响,提高图像的信噪比.将奇异值分解法与主成分分析法比较,发现前者重构的图像质量高于后者,是处理红外热图序列的又一有效方法. 相似文献
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相移法测量三维轮廓具有原理简单、计算速度快等优点。然而此法至少需要采集3幅以上干涉图像,且在实际操作中由于很难产生绝对的相移量而给测量带来误差。应用虚条纹相移算法只需要采集一幅图像便可恢复出物体的三维轮廓,其基本手段是先获得原始图像的基频值f0,根据此频率通过计算机生成具有π/2相位差的两虚条纹图像cos(2πf0x)和sin(2πf0x)。然后分别与原始图像进行混叠,将混叠后得到的图像进行低通滤波,再结合相移算法恢复出原始物体的三维轮廓。此法既保持了相移法本身的优点又解决了其需要采集多幅图像以及无法实现绝对相移的问题。另外低通滤波本身的去噪特性给在非陡变物体测量中高频噪声的去除带来方便。 相似文献
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The properties of singular value decomposition (SVD) are used to implement an SVD spatial domain pseudoinverse restoration filter. This type of filter is attractive for poor imaging conditions (low spatial resolution, high image noise) and is thus appealing for nuclear medicine images. The method might offer some advantages over more traditional frequency domain filter techniques since the restoration is performed on a local rather than global basis. High-contrast thyroid phantom images collected at different count densities and low-contrast liver phantom images were processed with the SVD filter. Restored images yielded improved spatial resolution, lesion contrast, and signal-to-noise ratio. The SVD pseudoinverse restoration filter implemented as an interactive process permits the operator to terminate filtering at a stage where the visually "best" image is obtained compared to the original data. Processed images suggest that the technique may have potential for improving lesion detection in nuclear medicine. 相似文献
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针对传统红外图像增强容易丢失细节这一缺陷,采用基于分频的同态滤波与奇异值分解相结合的方法,对红外图像进行增强。在同态滤波的基础上,用高通滤波将其在频率域分成高频和低频,分别对高频和低频进行处理,高频通过线性增强,低频先经过奇异值分解,而后加入噪声处理,改变其奇异值,得到新的奇异值矩阵,最后对低频进行灰度调整再加上高频处理红的图像相加得到最后的增强后的图像。通过仿真,对比传统图像增强,该方法处理在峰值信噪比和均方值两方面均有改善。 相似文献
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高概率椒盐噪声对数字图像的重度污染大量存在,如要消除信息少且噪点集中的噪声存在诸多困难;而低概率椒盐噪声对数字图像的轻度污染虽然可完全滤除,但在实际图像恢复中又缺少普遍意义.本文基于灰度值空间的模糊划分和描述灰度水平的模糊数,采用极值法对高概率噪声实施检测并建立恰当滤波窗口,应用广义重心去模糊化法和非噪声点对应的隶属函数设计一种新模糊滤波器.最后,通过仿真实例获得该滤波器可有效地过滤数字图像中高概率椒盐噪声,并说明它的去噪性能优于其他常见滤波器. 相似文献
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Magnetic resonance images are reconstructed from digitized raw data, which are collected in the spatial-frequency domain (also called kappa-space). Occasionally, single or multiple data points in the k-space data are corrupted by spike noise, causing striation artifacts in images. Thresholding methods for detecting corrupted data points can fail because of small alterations, especially for data points in the low spatial frequency area where the k-space variation is large. Restoration of corrupted data points using interpolations of neighboring pixels can give incorrect results. We propose a Fourier transform method for detecting and restoring corrupted data points using a window filter derived from the striation-artifact structure in an image or an intermediate domain. The method provides an analytical solution for the alteration at each corrupted data point. It can effectively restore corrupted kappa-space data, removing striation artifacts in images, provided that the following three conditions are satisfied. First, a region of known signal distribution (for example, air background) is visible in either the image or the intermediate domain so that it can be selected using a window filter. Second, multiple spikes are separated by the full-width at half-maximum of the point spread function for the window filter. Third, the magnitude of a spike is larger than the minimum detectable value determined by the window filter and the standard deviation of kappa-space random noise. 相似文献
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基于具有对称性的非张量积小波图像融合方法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
提出了基于一类新的小波具有紧支撑、对称性和正交性、伸缩矩阵为(20 02)的非张量积小波的图像融合新方法.首先根据非张量积小波理论,提出了一种新的二维4通道4× 4对称滤波器组的设计方法,并用此方法设计出一组具有上述性质的非张量积小波4× 4滤波器组,利用此滤波器组对参加融合的图像进行滤波;然后对低频部分采用取均值、高频部分采用基于局部窗口能量取大的融合算法对滤波后的图像进行融合;最后重构.并采用熵、交叉熵、互信息、均方根误差和峰值信噪比等指标对该方法的融合性能进行了客观评价.对可见光图像与红外图像、远红外图像与近红外图像、航空图像和卫星图像、多聚焦图像等其它多类图像的融合实验结果表明本方法有较好的融合效果,可得到无边缘失真的融合结果图像,其融合性能比采用同样融合算法的张量积Haar小波的融合方法的融合性能好. 相似文献
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In this paper, we present a new two-stage filter for the removal of random-valued impulse noise. The new filter identifies noise candidates by analyzing the amount of similar pixels in intensity value, and then reconstructs them by the total variation inpainting method. The experimental results are reported which show the efficiency of our method in removing random-valued impulse noise. Further, our filter can be used for image restoration from images damaged by the superimposed artifacts. 相似文献
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为了解决高动态红外图像在常规显示设备上显示时对比度低、细节模糊等问题,提出了一种基于双边滤波的红外图像非线性细节增强及动态范围压缩方法。首先利用基于扫描行的均值及标准差的统计方法对图像中的条纹噪声进行检测及插值补偿。然后对高动态红外图像进行双边滤波,得到基频分量及细节分量。针对基频分量动态范围大的特点,压缩其动态范围,对细节分量则进行非线性增强。最后将压缩后的基频分量和非线性增强后的细节分量合成,并将灰度范围调整到8位,得到适合显示的低动态范围图像。实验结果表明,提出的方法能在压缩图像动态范围的同时有效实现图像细节信息的增强。 相似文献
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基于卡尔曼滤波的相干激光雷达距离像复原仿真 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
采用基于单步预测的卡尔曼滤波器,利用含噪声图像的自身特性估计噪声参数,研究了一种对多帧静止相干激光雷达距离像进行复原的方法。通过对仿真图像进行复原,研究了在可利用图像帧数较少时的滤波性能和帧数足够多时滤波性能的极限值,并与在相同帧数下的图像平均法进行比较。结果表明,该算法收敛速度快、具有更高的图像改善信噪比和极限值。 相似文献
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This paper proposes a new efficient fuzzy-based decision algorithm (FBDA) for the restoration of images that are corrupted with high density of impulse noises. FBDA is a fuzzy-based switching median filter in which the filtering is applied only to corrupted pixels in the image while the uncorrupted pixels are left unchanged. The proposed algorithm computes the difference measure for each pixel based on the central pixel (corrupted pixel) in a selected window and then calculates the membership value for each pixel based on the highest difference. The algorithm then eliminates those pixels from the window with very high and very low membership values, which might represent the impulse noises. Median filter is then applied to the remaining pixels in the window to get the restored value for the current pixel position. The proposed algorithm produces excellent results compared to conventional method such as standard median filter (SMF) as well as some advanced techniques such as adaptive median filters (AMF), efficient decision-based algorithm (EDBA), improved efficient decision-based algorithm (IDBA) and boundary discriminative noise detection (BDND) switching median filter. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using different standard images. From experimental analysis, it has been found that FBDA produces better results in terms of both quantitative measures such as PSNR, SSIM, IEF and qualitative measures such as Image Quality Index (IQI). 相似文献