X射线低剂量多次辐射对小鼠外周血淋巴细胞的影响

为了评估低剂量多次辐射对健康机体产生的生物学风险,检测了X射线多次照射对BALB/c小鼠免疫系统的影响.采用X射线全身多次照射,第1天照射0.07 Gy,之后每天照射0.08 Gy共12 d,剂量率0.2 Gy/min,累积剂量为0、0.07、0.23、0.39、0.55、0.71、0.87和1.03 Gy时取样.照射24 h后取血,用流式细胞仪检测外周血中免疫细胞周期和死亡的变化.结果表明,外周血淋巴细胞的周期在0.39和1.03 Gy时,被阻滞在G2/M期,在0.07、0.23、0.71和0.87Gy时,被阻滞在G0/G1期;细胞的死亡随着累积剂量的增加而增加,在0.71Gy时达到峰值.经过X射线多次全身照射小鼠后,可引起外周血淋巴细胞周期和死亡比例发生变化,符合线性平方模型,造成其免疫系统一定的损伤.     

不同剂量 X射线全身照射对小鼠胸腺细胞周期进程的影响

本文采用细胞计量术研究了不同剂量Ｘ射线全身照射后小鼠胸腺细胞周期进程的变化。结果表明,７５ｍＧｙ Ｘ射线全身照射后２４～７２ｈ胸腺细胞周期各时相细胞数目发生明显变化,Ｇ０／Ｇ１期细胞数低于对照组,Ｓ期细胞数增多,说明其ＤＮＡ合成能力增强,至７ｄ时达到对照组水平;２．０Ｇｙ全身照射后４ｈ时胸腺细胞便开始出现明显的Ｇ２阻滞,１２ｈＧ２阻滞达最高点,７２ｈ其细胞周期进程明显加快,至７ｄ时达对照组水平。不     

低剂量γ射线对丝裂霉素C损伤小鼠脾细胞的影响

探讨低剂量辐射诱导哺乳动物抗丝裂霉素C(Mitomycin C,MMC)损伤的免疫适应性反应。小鼠接受低剂量γ射线作用后6h,再给予损伤剂量的MMC,然后通过脾细胞计数、流式细胞术、Con A和LPS刺激的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化观察小鼠脾细胞数、细胞周期和DNA含量的变化。1mg/kg的MMC(B)组小鼠脾细胞数明显低于正常对照(A)组,50-100mGy照射加MMC(C、D、E)组小鼠脾细胞数明显高于B组。Con A刺激的小鼠脾淋巴细胞转化细胞周期分析表明,D组、E组G0/G1期和S期细胞相对百分率分别显著低于和高于B组。而LPS刺激组,除E组G0/G1期外,D组、E组G0/G1期和S期细胞相对百分率也分别明显低于和高于B组。低剂量γ射线可以诱导MMC损伤小鼠脾细胞数和细胞周期进程的适应性反应。     

低剂量辐射诱导小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡及细胞周期进程的 …

应用流式细胞术观察７５ｍＧｙ Ｘ射线诱导小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡及细胞周期进程的适应性反应。结果表明，１．５或２．０Ｇｙ全身照射后，小鼠胸腺细胞凋亡小体（ＴＡＢ）百分数明显增加，Ｓ期ＴＡＢ百分数明显减少，而Ｇ０／Ｇ１和Ｇ２＋Ｍ期ＴＡＢ百分数明显增加；当１．５或２．０Ｇｙ（攻击剂量，Ｄ２）照射前６ｈ给予７５ｍＧｙ（诱导剂量，Ｄ１）照射时，明显减轻Ｄ２对胸腺细胞凋亡及细胞周期进程的损伤作用。提示，低剂量辐射可     

小鼠脾淋巴细胞辐射死亡与凋亡之间的关系

探讨细胞凋亡在小鼠脾脏辐射损伤与重建中的作用及其机制,为急性放射病的防治提供依据.用原位末端标记、DNA电泳和免疫组化技术观察经2～8Gy不同剂量γ射线整体照射后,小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞凋亡的动态变化过程和Bax、Bcl-2蛋白在其中的作用.结果表明,(1)照射后早期淋巴细胞凋亡率迅速增加,如6Gy照射后4h和1d凋亡率分别为对照值的4.9和9.7倍;凋亡率还随照射剂量的增加而迅速升高,照射后8h当照射剂量为2、4、6、8Gy时,凋亡率分别为对照值的3.7、5.4、6.2和8.3倍.(2)透射电镜观察表明,6Gyγ-线照射后,小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞出现早、中、晚期典型凋亡细胞的形态学特征.DNA凝胶电泳显示6Gy照射后4和6h,脾脏淋巴细胞出现特征的DNA梯形谱;末端标记法显示6Gy照射后4h凋亡率约为照前值的3.4倍.(3)照射后Bax、Bcl-2蛋白的异常表达证实两者在淋巴细胞凋亡的调控中起重要作用.细胞凋亡参与了小鼠脾脏辐射损伤与修复的全过程,Bax和Bcl-2蛋白对淋巴细胞凋亡的调控起重要作用.     

低剂量X射线全身照射对小鼠脾细胞转铁蛋白受体表达的影响

采用直接免疫荧光流式细胞术方法,检测了低剂量Ｘ射线全身照射对小鼠脾脏淋巴细胞转铁蛋白受体（ＴｆＲ）表达的影响。结果表明,低剂量Ｘ射线全身照射可增强脾脏淋巴细胞ＴｆＲ的表达,由于ＴｆＲ是Ｔ淋巴细胞激活与增殖过程中表达在细胞表面的重要受体之一,与Ｔ淋巴细胞激活与增殖有着密切关系。所以上述结果可能是低剂量电离辐射增强机体免疫功能的又一证据,同时也说明ＴｆＲ在低剂量电离辐射免疫增强效应中起着重要作用。研究     

人参多糖对X射线照射小鼠脾脏自由基含量的影响

采用电子自旋共振方法测定了照射前给予人参多糖３ｄ，对Ｘ射线照后小鼠脾脏自由基含量的影响。结果表明，（１）人参多糖可使３ＧｙＸ射线照射后小鼠脾脏自由基含量明显降低。（２）不同浓度人参多糖对３Ｇｙ照射小鼠脾脏自由基含量均有明显的降低作用。（３）人参多糖对３Ｇｙ照射后６ｈ小鼠脾脏自由基含量降低最明显。     

低剂量X射线全身照射对小鼠脾细胞糖皮质激素受体表达的影响

采用放射性配体结合法,观察了不同低剂量X射线全身照射对小鼠脾细胞糖皮质激素受体(GCR)表达的影响及75mGy全身照射后GCR表达的时程变化.结果显示,25、50、75mGy X射线全身照射后8h小鼠脾细胞GCR表达明显下降;75mGy X射线全身照射后4h GCR表达开始下降,8hGCR表达显著低于对照组.低剂量X射线全身照射可降低小鼠脾细胞GCR的表达,提示GCR表达下调可能在低剂量辐射免疫增强效应中发挥作用.     

低剂量X射线照射对小鼠脾淋巴细胞丝裂原反应的影响

本实验观察了低剂量 X 射线整体和离体照射后对小鼠脾淋巴细胞丝裂原反应的影响。结果表明,X 射线全身照射后小鼠脾脏 T、B 淋巴细胞对刀豆蛋白-A(Con A)和细菌脂多糖(LPS)的反应较对照组增强,尤以75 mGy 组最为明显。在离体照射后,脾淋巴细胞对 Con A 的反应未见明显改变,而对 LPS 反应则低于对照组。提示低剂量 X 射线照射可刺激 T 细胞反应增强。     

Effect of p53 on lung carcinoma cells irradiated by carbon ions or X-rays

The study is to investigate the feasibility and advantages of heavy ion beams on radiotherapy. The cellular cycle and apoptosis, cell reproductive death and p53 expression evaluated with flow cytometry, clonogenic survival assays and Western blot analysis were examined in lung carcinoma cells after exposure to 89.63 MeV/u carbon ion and 6 MV X-ray irradiations, respectively. The results showed that the number colonyforming assay of A549 was higher than that of H1299 cells in two radiation groups; A549 cellular cycle was arrested in G2/M in 12 h and the per-centage of apoptosis ascended at each time point of carbon ion radiation with doses, the expression of p53 upregulated with doses exposed to X-ray or carbon ion. The cell number in G2/M of H1299 and apoptosis were increasing at all time points with doses in 12C6+ ion irradiation group. The results suggested that the effects of carbon ions or X rays ir-radiation on lung carcinoma cells were different, 12C6+ ion irradiation could have more effect on upregulating the ex-pression of p53 than X-ray, and the upregulated expression of p53 might produce the cellular cycle G2/M arrested, apoptosis increasing; and p53 gene might affect the lung cancer cells radiosensitivity.     

80MeV/u 12C6+离子辐照小鼠头部对脾脏细胞周期分布的影响

研究重离子辐照小鼠头部对脾脏细胞周期分布的影响，为重离子放射治疗癌症和太空防护提供基础数据。80MeV／u能量的^12C^6＋对BALB／c小鼠头部给以0、0．5、1、2、4、10Gy的照射，用流式细胞仪测脾脏细胞周期分布。重离子辐照后36h，小鼠脾脏细胞S期细胞随着辐照剂量的增加显著减少（p〈0．05）；0．5Gy组、4Gy组和10Gy组出现G0／G0期阻滞明显阻滞（p〈0．05），1Gy组和2Gy组无显著变化（p〉0．05）；0．5Gy组G2／M期细胞显著减少（p〈0．01），其它剂量组明显阻滞（p〈0．05）。重离子辐照小鼠头部对小鼠脾脏细胞周期分布有明显影响。     

低剂量照射离体血的刺激效应研究

研究受过低剂量照射的离体人血能否对正常血细胞或辐射损伤的血细胞产生刺激效应。将受过10cGy低剂量照射的离体人血,分别与未受照射或受过1000cGy大剂量照射的同一人血,以不同组合方式共培养,72h后收获细胞,测定各实验组的^3H-TdR掺入值。结果表明,接受低剂量照射的人血能够对受大剂量照射的人血细胞产生明显的刺激增殖效应。受低剂量照射血的血浆中存在着引起刺激效应的物质。     

Risk of simulated microgravity on testicular injury induced by high-LET carbon-ion beams in mice

This study investigated the impact of simulated microgravity on acute injury induced by low doses of carbon ions in male reproductive organs of mice, and determined alterations in spermatogenic function and expression levels of apoptotic factors in mice following exposure to acute irradiation after 7 days of simulated microgravity. The results demonstrated that significant reductions in spermatozoa, primary spermatocytes and spermatogonia, and increased globular cells in seminiferous tubule and pro-apoptotie proteins were observed in the group exposed to over 0.4 Gy irradiation. Collectively, the data suggest that lesions inflicted by simulated microgravity are not markedly modified by lower doses of irradiation （0.2 Gy） in mouse testis compared to the control group. However, testicular impairments were markedly evident in the group exposed to higher doses of carbon ions plus simulated microgravity, which may be due at least in part to elevated apoptosis initiated by the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway in germ cells.     

Evaluation of sex specificity on oxidative stress induced in lungs of mice irradiated by ^12C^6＋ ions

The aim of this work is to identify if there is sex specificity on ^12C^6＋ ion-induced oxidative damage in mouse lung at different time points. Kun-Ming mice were divided into two groups, each composed of six males and six females： control group and irradiation group with a single acute dose of 4 Gy. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 12 h respectively, there lungs were removed immediately, and the oxidative stress-related biomarkers were measured by Diagnostic Reagent Kits. The results showed that the relative activities of superoxide dismutase （4 h）, catalase （2 h） and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase （12 h） have significant changes （P〈0.05） between male groups and female groups, suggesting that the lungs of male mice are more sensitive to counteracting the oxidative challenge. Moreover, higher levels of malondiadehyde and lower contents of glutathione were also found in males, indicating that oxidative stress induced by ^12C^6＋ ion is pronounced in the lungs of males. We thought that these sex-responded differences may be attributed to the influence of sex hormones.     

Evaluation of sex specificity on oxidative stress induced in lungs of mice irradiated by 12C6+ions

The aim of this work is to identify if there is sex specificity on 12C6 ion-induced oxidative damage in mouse lung at different time points. Kun-Ming mice were divided into two groups, each composed of six males and six females: control group and irradiation group with a single acute dose of 4 Gy. Animals were sacrificed at 2, 4 and 12 h respectively, there lungs were removed immediately, and the oxidative stress-related biomarkers were measured by Diagnostic Reagent Kits. The results showed that the relative activities of superoxide dismutase (4 h), catalase (2 h) and Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (12 h) have significant changes (P<0.05) between male groups and female groups, suggesting that the lungs of male mice are more sensitive to counteracting the oxidative challenge. Moreover, higher levels of malondiadehyde and lower contents of glutathione were also found in males, indicating that oxidative stress induced by 12C6 ion is pronounced in the lungs of males. We thought that these sex-responded differences may be attributed to the influence of sex hormones.