全反射X射线荧光光谱仪的研制

文章报道了由地矿部物化探研究所和成都地矿所联合研制的全反射Ｘ射线荧光（ＴＲＸＲＦ）分析装置。介绍了全反射原理及装置的结构特点。该样机与常规的Ｘ射线光谱仪相比，对１２种元素的检出限降低了２－３个数量级。     

一种全新的超高灵敏度X射线荧光光谱仪

用X射线全反射技术可以使X射线单色化,用这种单色化的特征X射线作为激发源可以大大降低X射线荧光光谱仪的本底信号,提高仪器的检测灵敏度,本文介绍了这种仪器的结构原理,性能特点及应用。     

新的一代顺序式X射线荧光光谱仪飞利浦PW2400型X射线荧光光谱仪

本文着重介绍了飞利浦ＰＷ２４００新的Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪，它采用了 多种新技术，包括超锐Ｘ射线管，直接光学定位传感器，多道分析器及新的窗式软件。     

X荧光光谱仪对焦炭成分的分析

本文介绍用X射线荧光光谱仪分析焦炭中P_2O_5、Al_2O_3、CaO含量的分析方法,该法分析速度快,结果准确。     

新一代顺序式X射线荧光光谱仪——飞利浦PW2400型X射线荧光光谱仪

介绍了飞利浦ＰＷ２４００型新的Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪，它采用了多种新技术，包括脱Ｘ射线管（ＳＳＴ），直读光学定位传感器（ＤＯＰＳ）多道分析器（ＭＣＡ）及新的窗式软件。     

能量色散X射线荧光能谱仪(EDXRF)在油液分析中的应用

本文在简要介绍X射线荧光能谱分析技术的基础上,以ThermoFisher公司生产的QUANT’X射线荧光能谱仪为例,介绍其在油液分析中的应用研究,并与原子发射光谱进行比较,分析X射线荧光能谱分析技术在应用于油液分析中的优势和不足,并提出相应的解决办法。     

3080X射线荧光光谱仪实时数据处理系统

３０８０Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪实时数据处理系统１应志春邓赛文甘露吴晓军梁国立罗立强地矿部岩矿测试技术研究所北京１０００３７８０年代初、中期陆续引进的３０８０Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪，其拥有量和应用领域在国内首屈一指，它反映了当时的科学技术水平。近十年来，计算机、信...     

能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪的现状

能量色散X射线荧光光谱分析以其快速、对试样无损、可以同时测定多种元素等优点,在许多领域中发挥巨大的作用。本文介绍能量色散X射线荧光光谱仪的原理和构造,并就目前仪器的研究现状和应用现状做介绍,指出X射线荧光分析技术的良好前景及进一步研究该仪器的必要性。     

便携式能量色散X荧光分析仪的研制

本文介绍了一种新型便携式能量色散X荧光分析仪的工作原理与硬件结构,该仪器可在野外现场进行多元素快速、无损分析。仪器的准确度、精确度及检出限等各项性能指标均能满足野外现场物质成份分析工作的需要。     

PW1410X射线荧光光谱仪的改造与应用

对荷兰飞利浦公司生产的ＰＷ１４１０Ｘ射线荧光光谱仪进行了改进，研制了专用的定性、定量分析接口板，将它们与ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ计算机样联；编制了通用的Ｘ射线荧光光谱定性和定量分析软件，使原先非自动化的仪器改造成可用ＩＢＭ－ＰＣ机进行分析数据自动化处理的更新仪器。     

Heavy Metals in Groundwater using Synchrotron Radiation Total Reflection X‐Ray Analysis

Abstract

The environmental pollution problem has increased due to industrial and population growth. São Paulo and Campinas are examples of large urban centers that have grown in a disorderly manner and, today, present contamination problems which have also reached the groundwater.

In order to obtain information about levels of heavy metals in groundwater, analyses were carried out with samples from well monitoring at Landfill Pirelli in Campinas and in some supplying wells in the Campinas region which are, in their majority, wells of industrial supply.

The analytical technique used for achievement of the analysis is total reflection X‐ray fluorescence with synchrotron radiation. All measurements were performed at Synchrotron Light Source Laboratory, located in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.

The determined elements in this research were Al, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ba, and Pb. The results were compared with the maximum permitted values (MPV) established by the Brazilian Health Department and, for Landfill Pirelli, the concentrations were higher than the permitted values for Ba and Pb, as was expected, because this landfill received residues during many years without control.

In well supply, as in State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), elements such as Cr and Pb were not expected, so the monitoring of these wells is necessary in order to verify if these elements continue to be detected with values above the permitted values. The same elements were also detected in other supplying wells in the Campinas metropolitan region. For lead (Pb), values above the maximum were observed in 15 wells.

The detection limits obtained varyied from 0.10 µg · L^?1 to 7.91 µg · L^?1 and were in agreement with the values presented by other analytical techniques.     

A New Design of Temperature Programmer for Desorption Study

Abstract

A new design for the construction of an inexpensive and flexible temperature programmer for surface science applications is described.     

Continuous Measurement and Feed Control of Hydrazine in Hydrazine-Oxygen Fuel Cells

SUMMARY

Measurement of the limiting diffusion current with fixed diffusion layer is the most suitable of the various methods for determining the fuel concentration in the electrolyte of hydrazine-oxygen fuel cells.     

磁性液体的浓度、颗粒尺寸和物相组成的X射线分析

磁性液体是一种由基液和磁性颗粒构成的复合纳米材料。命绍了用X射线测定磁性液体的物相、浓度、粒度分布方法，以及如何解决在检测过程中遇到的难点。     

GD9821在线总磷自动分析仪的研究

在化工，火力发电等企业中，应用于循环冷却水中的膦系药剂具有良好的阻垢，缓蚀作用，因而得到了广泛应用，但其在线检测及控制在我国尚属一个空白。本文从研究检测总磷的分析方法入手，解决了总磷中有机组分的磷酸盐不易测量的难题，开发研制了基于紫外－光氧化法的GD9821在线检测总磷的自动分析仪，并在现场得到了试运行。     

Energy dispersive X‐ray spectrometry study of the protective effects of fluoride varnish and gel on enamel erosion

Background: Dental erosion is a risk factor for dental health, introduced by today's lifestyle. Topical fluoride applications in the form of varnishes and gel may lead to deposition of fluoride on enamel. Purpose: This in vitro study aimed to evaluate the effect of two fluoride varnishes and one fluoride gel on the dissolution of bovine enamel by acids. Methods: Enamel samples (72) were divided (n = 8): artificial saliva (control‐G1), Pepsi Twist® (G2), orange juice (G3), Duraphat® + Pepsi Twist® (G4), Duraphat® + orange juice (G5), Duofluorid® + Pepsi Twist® (G6), Duofluorid® + orange juice (G7), fluoride gel + Pepsi Twist® (G8), and fluoride gel + orange juice (G9). Fluoride gel was applied for 4 min and the varnishes were applied and removed after 6 h. The samples were submitted to six cycles (demineralization: Pepsi Twist® or orange juice, 10 min; remineralization: saliva, 1 h). Samples were analyzed by energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence (144 line‐scanning). Results: The amount of Ca and P decreased significantly in the samples of G2 and G3, and the Ca/P ratio decreased in G3. Mineral gain (Ca) was greater in G9 samples than in G4 > G3 > G5 > G1, and (P) greater in G7 samples than in G9 > G4‐6 > G2‐3. Conclusions: The protective effect of Duofluorid® was significantly lower than fluoride gel against orange juice. The fluoride varnishes can interfere positively with the dissolution of dental enamel in the presence of acidic beverages. Fluoride gel showed the best protection level to extrinsic erosion with low costs. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.