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《核标准计量与质量》2017,(1)
<正>该安全要求涵盖政府和法律框架的重要组成部分,该框架用以建立监管机构,同时确保新老核设备及相关活动在和平利用的目的下得到有效管理和控制。此外,该安全要求也包含了该框架的其他责任与功能,例如:与全球安全体系相连结,为安全性(包括辐射防护)提供必要 相似文献
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[世界核新闻网站2011年7月15日报道]俄罗斯总统梅德韦杰夫已签署了一部有关放射性废物管理的联邦法案.该法案为俄罗斯开展放射性废物管理工作建立了一个法律框架,并正式建立了一个对放射性废物进行统一管理的国家体系.该法案要求对放射性废物进行分级管理,从而使俄罗斯的国家放射性废物管理体系与《乏燃料管理安全和 相似文献
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【本刊2012年9月综合报道】欧盟核安保特别工作组(AHGNS)于2012年6月公布了一份题为"核安保特别工作组报告"的最终报告,其中介绍了该工作组对欧盟核电站安保工作的调查结果,列出了在国家法律与监管框架、国家安保框架、设计基准威胁、核安保文化与应急预案等领域的共计32项良好实践,并为加强核电站的安保工作提出了建议。 相似文献
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【美国《核燃料》2001年11月12日刊报道】 俄罗斯国家杜马的一位能源专家于2001年11月上旬表示,俄罗斯国家杜马正在制订有关实施乏燃料进口计划的一系列新法律。 加里宁附近特维尔地区的代表Victor Opekounov表示,俄罗斯正在制订一部更加通用的法律,以便规定每种类型核废物的管理策略。这部法律将参照法国1991年的《核废物研究法》制订,但并不与其雷同。 Opekounov还表示,支持乏燃料进口法案的立法委员正在与原子能部(Minatom)合作制订有关未来此项业务的法律框架。 监督委员会 另据因特网2001年12月20日消息,俄罗斯国家杜马通过了一项成… 相似文献
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为了简化核仪器在高数据传输领域的设计与应用,设计了一套运行于PXIe平台的可重构数字化核仪器软件框架。该框架由相互独立且均可编程的数字逻辑层、内核驱动层和应用框架层组成。通过修改该框架中的数字逻辑层和内核驱动层,即可设计出运行在PXIe平台上复用统一硬件模板的新功能核仪器。基于该框架设计了核信号实时采集卡,测试结果表明:此框架能够极大的简化核仪器设计流程并且数据传输稳定可靠,同时将板卡置于PXIe Gen2×4机箱单插槽内,其数据平均传输速率达到1.63 GB/s,平均传输效率达到理论传输的91.6%,满足高数据传输需求的核仪器的应用。 相似文献
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PU Jilong LI Xiaoyan 《核技术(英文版)》2007,18(5):307-310
This paper describes the definition of nuclear security that has been changing from the cold war age to the post-911 period, and clarifies the close relationship and yet a clear distinction between nuclear security, nuclear safety and nuclear safeguard. Based on analyses of the current state of nuclear security activities in China as well as the requirements and the law infrastructure, a legislative and regulatory framework of nuclear security and the mandate of a regulatory body in China are recommended. 相似文献
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在归纳和总结国际核安全领域立法情况的基础上,从纵向和横向两个角度对我国现行核安全法律体系进行了剖析,进而分析中国现有核安全法律体系存在的主要问题:基本法迟迟未能制定,核安全法律法规体系缺失高层法律依据;配套性法律法规不完整,核安全法律法规体系内容尚待完善;技术性文件体系不完善,技术体系与核安全法规体系脱节。并从完善体系设计、优化体系结构、协调体系内容三个层面提出了完善中国核安全法律体系的对策。 相似文献
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Gail H. Marcus 《Progress in Nuclear Energy》2000,37(1-4):65-70
This paper reviews some of the national policies and regulatory decisions that have the potential to affect the production of electricity from nuclear power. It is shown that many policies and regulatory initiatives are introduced to meet objectives other than determining the mix of electricity supply resources, such as reducing the cost of electricity or protecting public health and safety. Nevertheless, such policies and requirements can have a substantial effect on the competitiveness of present nuclear power plants, as well as on prospects for future nuclear power plants. Because electricity from nuclear power can substitute for electricity from fossil fuels, policies and regulations which affect the competitiveness of nuclear power can have an effect of the production of carbon emissions, and therefore can compete with, or complement, national environmental objectives. 相似文献
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Jaharlal Koley S. Harikumar S.A.H. Ashraf S.K. Chande andS.K. Sharma 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》2006,236(7-8):894-913
Atomic Energy Regulatory Board (AERB) is the national authority to ensure that the use of ionizing radiation and nuclear energy in India does not cause undue risk to the health of workers and members of the public, and the environment. AERB fulfills its mission by stipulating and enforcing rules and regulations concerned with nuclear and radiological safety. This paper describes the regulatory authorization process of AERB as applicable to nuclear power plants (NPPs) during their construction as well as operating phases. The safety review process during construction is presented as case studies. Some current issues related to operating plants are also described. Two typical examples of safety upgradations made in old generation nuclear plants are given.The regulatory process in India is continuously evolving to cater to the new developments. Some of the recent initiatives taken by AERB in that direction are briefly described. Today AERB faces new challenges like simultaneous review of a large number of new projects of diverse designs, a fast growing nuclear power program and functioning of operating plants in a competitive environment. This paper delineates how AERB is gearing up itself to meet these challenges in an effective manner. 相似文献
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中国在第三届核安全峰会上首次提出四个"并重"的核安全观,并作出了四个坚定不移的庄严承诺,以加强中国以及全球的核安保。中国应进一步建立一个完整、可靠以及有效的核安保制度,确保有能力和有效地防范各种恐怖主义和刑事犯罪行为,以及对国内所有核材料和核设施所可能带来的威胁。文章建议采取一些措施进一步加强和完善中国现有的核安保制度,包括更新和明确基准设计威胁的要求,更新与执行有关核安保法规,培育和发展核安保文化,平衡核安保成本,以及进一步加强和深化国际合作。 相似文献
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“许可证制度、协议州管理和全面监督检查”构成了美国放射源监管的主要模式框架。通过法规制定、许可证审查、监督检查、运行经验评估和实施监管支持活动,美国核管理委员会对放射性源在医学、工业、科研中的应用实施了有效的监管。了解美国放射源的监管体系,对于加强我国的放射源安全与保安的监管能力是有益的。本文简要介绍了美国的许可证制度、协议州管理和全面监督检查方面的情况。 相似文献
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《Packaging, Transport, Storage and Security of Radioactive Material》2013,24(4):225-228
AbstractTransport of radioactive and nuclear material is highly regulated and transport safety regulations have been in effect for decades. International nuclear material transport security has been governed for many years on the basis of a binding international convention, the 'Convention for the physical protection of nuclear material', and its supporting document 'The physical protection of nuclear material and nuclear facilities' INFCIRC/225, revision 4 (corrected). On the other hand, transport security guidance for the radioactive material was published in 2008 by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) as an implementing guide, 'Security in the transport of radioactive material', nuclear security series no. 9, and is just now being implemented in many countries. Experience in implementing the radioactive material transport security guidance is being gained by countries as they make decisions on which specific security provisions to require, provide training to their regulatory staff and licensees, and begin reviewing and approving transport security plans. This experience has led to the development of practical approaches that minimise impacts as the guidance is put into practice. The nuclear material transport security recommendations in INFCIRC/225 are in the process of being revised to update them to address the current threat environment and to incorporate recommendations based on the recent amendments made to the Convention. INFCIRC/225, revision 5 will be a recommendation level document in the IAEA nuclear security series of documents. The interface between the nuclear and radioactive material transport security documents is important in order to ensure that appropriate security measures, based on both the nuclear and radioactive properties of the material being transported, are defined and implemented. This paper provides up to date information on the development of the IAEA transport security documents and presents information on implementation of the radioactive material transport security recommendations. It explains how the documents interface with each other and provides examples of how they should both be used in defining transport security requirements for shipments. 相似文献