钠冷快堆超导钠泵建模与性能研究

为克服钠冷快堆机械式钠泵机械磨损、噪声大、泄漏以及普通电磁泵流量小、扬程小等问题，提出了大流量鞍型磁体的电磁泵作为驱动钠循环的主泵设计方案。对其结构进行了研究并建立了相应的数学模型，利用Matlab编写程序进行了不同电流、磁感应强度和温度条件下泵的扬程、流量和效率的性能研究。结果表明，扬程随通道宽度的增加、电流的减小、磁感应强度的减小而减小，效率随电流的减小、磁感应强度的减小而减小，温度高于400 ℃时由于接触电阻的降低可使效率提高，鞍型超导钠泵的流量可由电流、磁感应强度控制，但较为实用的是电流控制。该研究可为具体设计提供依据。     

北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程中超导磁体电流引线设计

北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程（BEPCⅡ）中超导聚焦四极磁体(SCQ)共有6对电流引线，输送4种不同大小的电流。超导探测器磁体(SSM)由1对4000A的电流引线输送电流。本文为SCQ和SSM两个超导磁体设计多层套管结构的电流引线。引线通过在低温端增加大质量铜座的方法来延长当冷却氦气消失时低温端温度上升到超导导线失超温度的时间。给出了多层套管结构电流引线稳态与非稳态大型CFD软件Fluent6.0数值模拟结果。     

CFETR堆背景磁体失超保护系统设计

为满足中国聚变工程试验堆对超导磁体性能的更高要求,设计了背景磁体失超保护系统。该系统采用软硬件相结合的设计,包括FPGA、ARM嵌入式、Labview、触摸屏等。性能测试结果表明:该系统灵敏度高,稳定性强,安全又可靠,达到设计要求。     

EAST超导磁体失超诊断预警系统设计

为进一步保障EAST超导磁体安全、准确、有效地运行,设计了EAST超导磁体失超诊断实时预警系统。该系统通过软件对失超诊断信号进行分析,提高了失超检测系统的精度和可靠性。失超诊断数据及相关的热工参数通过MDSplus从EAST工程试验数据库中在线获取,数据的可视化分析显示可以为失超保护软件的开发提供基础。本文主要介绍失超保护实时预警系统的设计方案、基本结构和测试结果。     

同步辐射加速器超导Wiggler磁体系统低温恒温器

介绍了低温恒温器的设计和制造特点。Wiggler磁体是同步辐射装置的重要部件。合肥国家同步辐射加速器的一周期超导Wiggler磁体,最大中心磁场为5T。低温恒温器为超导磁体提供4.2K的工作环境,用液氮套屏蔽辐射热。超导磁体用8根不锈钢管悬挂在低温恒温器的外壳上。8块采用双面敷铜印刷线路板制作,并经过表面处理的防辐射屏,用于减少颈管顶法兰的辐射热。低温恒温器提供了20mm×40mm椭圆形截面的束流通道。     

同步辐射加速器超导Wiggler磁体系统低温恒温器

介绍了低温恒温器的设计和制造特点。Wiggler磁体是同步辐射装置的重要部件。合肥国家同步辐射加速器的一周期超导Wiggler磁体,最大中心磁场为5T。低温恒温器为超导磁体提供4.2K的工作环境,用液氮套屏蔽辐射热。超导磁体用8根不锈钢管悬挂在低温恒温器的外壳上。8块采用双面敷铜印刷线路板制作,并经过表面处理的防辐射屏,用于减少颈管顶法兰的辐射热。低温恒温器提供了20×40mm椭圆形截面的束流通道。     

BESⅢ超导磁体失超保护及信号采集

介绍了北京正负电子对撞机上北京谱仪(BESⅢ)的超导磁体失超保护系统的设计原理,重点介绍了基于CAN总线的信号采集系统的设计和实现.信号采集系统监测和记录磁体内部关键电压信号以及磁体外部重要的辅助信号,用于分析和诊断磁体的状态,并用LabVIEW完成用户界面程序设计.     

圆柱型感应式钠电磁泵自然对流下的三维温度场仿真研究

钠电磁泵国产化设计研发对钠冷快堆电站具有重要意义,而电磁泵运行过程中产生的热量会严重影响其安全运行。因此,电磁泵温度场的分析研究对其设计、制造及运行监测十分重要。本文以流量为10 m~3/h,扬程为0.5 MPa的圆柱型钠电磁泵为研究对象建立三维模型,并基于有限元计算分析方法,对电磁泵在不同负荷和工况下进行三维温度场的计算和分析。计算结果显示,影响电磁泵绕组线圈散热的主要热源为泵沟内部高温钠的导热,电磁泵绕组线圈在电流为30 A的工况下,最高温度约为493.4 K(220.4℃),接近其设计限值513 K(240℃)。同时,本文通过采用更高绝热系数隔热材料,减少高温钠热量的径向传递,有效地降低了电磁泵绕组线圈的温度,使其最高温度降至468.1 K(195.1℃),满足长期安全运行的要求。最后通过试验数据验证了仿真计算模型与计算结果的准确性。     

ECRH超导磁体装置监控系统设计

为确保ECRH超导磁体装置稳定可靠地运行,设计了ECRH超导磁体装置的监测与控制系统。该监测与控制系统运用计算机网络技术和光纤隔离技术,利用图形化编程软件LabVIEW进行界面设计,可以设置超导磁体电流、电压等参数,并远程实时监控超导磁体及其硬件设备的状态。当探测到超导磁体失超或硬件设备发生故障时,会触发连锁保护,以确保超导磁体装置及整个ECRH系统稳定运行。     

绕制预应力对MICE超导耦合磁体冷质量应力状态的影响

超导耦合螺线管磁体为μ介子离子化冷却实验装置(MICE)中的关键设备,其线圈内径1500mm,长度285mm,采用截面1.65mm×1.00mm的NbTi复合超导线,励磁到210A时,峰值磁场可达7.4T。在降温和励磁过程中,为减小导线窜动而导致失超,线圈绕制过程中需对导线和紧固带施加预应力。本文根据组合筒理论,得出了绕制过程中线圈和紧固带的预应力与冷质量内部应力分量的关系。采用有限元方法对线圈绕制、冷却和励磁3个连续过程进行动态仿真,分别分析了导线和紧固带绕制预应力的变化对冷质量内部各主要应力峰值的影响,得出线圈和紧固带绕制时满足磁体稳定性和结构安全的预应力优化结果,为MICE超导耦合磁体的研制及其他类似大直径、多层的超导螺线管磁体绕制提供理论依据。     

Sodium Tests of Head-Flow Characteristics for Prototype Annular Electromagnetic Flow Coupler

A prototype annular electromagnetic flow coupler was tested with high temperature sodium and it worked successfully, verifying the operational principle. The pump head-flow characteristics of the coupler were first clarified from an analysis of its equivalent electric circuit. The pump head and the generator pressure drop decrease linearly with the pump flow rate under the conditions of constant generator flow rate and external magnetic flux density. The gradients of the linear changes are given by ratios of equivalent resistances in the electrical analog, and are independent of the generator flow rate, if the magnetic flux density is kept constant. Sodium tests of the prototype confirmed the above results when the Hartmann number of the test conditions is larger than 170. Both ratios of the differential pressures and the volumetric flow rate between pump and generator ducts exceed 50% while the wall loss of around 40% appears at peak efficiency due to the lack of electrical insulation and the relatively large wall thickness. The peak efficiency of the prototype coupler decreases with the sodium temperature at the rate of (2.33±0.21)x10^?2 %/°C from 200 to 400°C and increases with the external magnetic flux density at 5.8±0.1 %/T from 0.36 to 0.60T.     

The design and the manufacturing process of the superconducting toroidal field magnet system for EAST device

The toroidal field (TF) magnet system of EAST (HT-7U), which consists of 16 superconducting coils enclosed in steel cases, has been manufactured to generate the magnetic field of 3.5 T at the plasma center to maintain plasma in a tokamak configuration with a current up to 1 MA. The TF coils have an approximately D-shape geometry of 2.6 m wide and 4.0 m high, and operate at a maximum field of 5.8 T. The conductor used in the TF coil is NbTi/Cu cable-in conduit (CIC) conductor, and its operating current is 14.3 kA.In March 2006, the first cooling down of the EAST device has been carried out successfully. The total of TF magnet system has been cooled down from room temperature to 4.5 K, and the TF system has been energized up to 8.2 kA with 5 A/s ramp rate. In September 2006, full performances of the TF magnet system have been reached, and the device of EAST has delivered its first plasma. In addition, the TF magnet system has been routinely operated with a current maintained constant on a whole day basis, for a preliminary program of more than 500 shots.In this paper, the main parts of the design, developmental tests, and the fabrication and assembly of TF coils are described in detail.     

Development,computer simulation and performance testing in sodium of an eddy current flowmeter

Sodium is used as a coolant in Liquid Metal Fast Breeder Reactor (LMFBR). Sodium flow measurement is of prime importance both from the operational and safety aspects of a fast reactor. Various types of flowmeters namely permanent magnet, saddle type and eddy current flowmeters are used in FBRs. From the safety point of view flow through the core should be assured under all operating conditions. This requires a flow sensor which can withstand the high temperature sodium environment and can meet the dimensional constraints and be amenable to maintenance. Eddy current flowmeter (ECFM) is one such device which meets these requirements. It is meant for measuring flow in PFBR primary pump and also at the outlets of the fuel sub-assemblies to detect flow blockage. A simulation model of ECFM was made and output of ECFM was predicted for various flowrates and temperatures. The simulation model was validated by testing in a sodium loop. This paper deals with the design, simulation and tests conducted in sodium for the eddy current flowmeter for use in the Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR).     

脉冲强磁体的概念性设计和行为仿真

本文对一个内径为10 mm、能产生60T场强、持续脉冲时间为10 ms的强磁体的相关参数进行了设计计算,并对该强磁体在不同脉冲电源条件下的电特性行为进行了仿真.     

Development of 160 m3/min Large Capacity Sodium-Immersed Self-Cooled Electromagnetic Pump

A large capacity sodium-immersed self-cooled electromagnetic pump (LEMP) was developed for application to the main circulation pumps of FBR. This advanced LEMP is a submergible annular linear induction pump designed to be self-cooled by immersing into sodium and applying high temperature electrical insulation. Almost all the internal electrical losses were transferred to the surrounding sodium, which can be recovered as electricity by turbine generators. The LEMP having specifications of 160m³/min flow rate, 0.28 MPa head and more than 40% efficiency at the rating was designed, fabricated and tested in the sodium pump test facility. The test involves magnetic field measurement in the air and a variety of sodium tests during 2,550 h, which demonstrated good pump performance and flow controllability, and satisfied the design target. The boundary between flow stability and instability of the LEMP operation could be defined by peak position of the Q-H curve, which was specified by Re_m×S (magnetic Reynolds' number times slip) of 1.4 to 1.5 at 335°C. Based on the test results, the applicability of the LEMP for the FBR was confirmed.     

控制棒可移动线圈电磁驱动机构线圈刚度实验

本工作在反应堆控制棒可移动线圈电磁驱动机构工程样机实验台架上，进行了电磁铁刚度实验。获得了不同保持电流工况下的平均刚度值：3A时，平均刚度值为129N/mm；3.5A时，为136N/mm；4A时，为152N/mm；4.5A时，为168N/mm；5A时，为164N/mm，稍低于4.5A时的平均刚度值。随着保持电流的增加，平均刚度值呈现先增加尔后又下降的变化趋势。温度升高对刚度值有影响。     

小型NaK热真空电磁泵热控措施影响分析

热真空电磁泵是一种在热真空环境条件下使用的高温电磁泵,换热途径的缺失使得设备整体温度很高,高温会使结构和功能材料的性能剧烈下降。本文采用数值计算方法对中国原子能科学研究院研制的小型NaK热真空电磁泵内构件温度分布进行了计算。结果表明：在泵沟外壁采用真空隔热屏、气密腔室内外壁喷涂黑体涂层的热控措施行之有效,降低了设备内构件尤其是励磁线圈的温度,提高了设备的使用寿命。     

A design and characteristic experiment of the small annular linear induction electromagnetic pump

A small-scale annular linear induction electromagnetic pump (ALIP) of the externally-supported-in-pipe type with a flowrate of 60 L/min and a developed pressure of 1.3 bar was developed for the circulation of sodium liquid metal. The developed pressure and the efficiency of the pump were analyzed on the change of the pump-design variables by using an equivalent circuit method. The pump designed was manufactured with the consideration to the material and functional requirements of a chemically-active sodium environment. The silicon–iron steel plates with high magnetic permeability and alumina-dispersion-strengthened-copper bands were used as cores and coils of the pump electromagnet for operating in a high temperature. Each turn of the coil was insulated by an asbestos band to protect against an electrical short at a high temperature. Stainless steel compatible with sodium was selected as a structural material. The completed pump was installed in the sodium experimental loop system. At temperatures of 150 °C and 350 °C, the performance of the ALIP (including the P–Q characteristic) was tested by changing the electrical input. The measurements showed that the pumping flowrate and the developed pressure were increased as the input current, voltage and power increased. On the other hand, the developed pressure was decreased with the increase of the flowrate. At the nominal input current and voltage, the developed pressure was 1.25 bar with the relative error of 3.8% compared with the prediction of 1.3 bar at 150 °C, where the flowrate was 54 L/min. The test on the pump showed good agreement with the theoretical calculation with some experimental errors.