共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
We apply the scenario-based approach to modeling, via the language of live sequence charts (LSCs) and the Play-Engine tool
to a real-world complex telecommunication service, . It allows a user to call for help from a doctor, the fire brigade, a car maintenance service, etc. These kinds of services
are built on top of an embedded platform, using both new and existing service components, and their complexity stems from
their distributed architecture, the various time constraints they entail, and their rapidly evolving underlying systems. A
well known problem in this class of telecommunication applications is that of feature interaction, whereby a new feature might
cause problems in the execution of existing features. Our approach provides a methodology for high-level modeling of telecommunication
applications that can help in detecting feature interaction at early development stages. We exhibit the results of applying
the methodology to the specification, animation and formal verification of the Depannage service.
相似文献
2.
Ohne Zusammenfassung
This article is also available in English via and : Nicolas Bissantz, Jürgen Hagedorn (2008) Data Mining. Bus Inf Syst Eng. doi .
相似文献
3.
This paper describes the simulated car racing competition that was arranged as part of the 2007 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary
Computation. Both the game that was used as the domain for the competition, the controllers submitted as entries to the competition
and its results are presented. With this paper, we hope to provide some insight into the efficacy of various computational
intelligence methods on a well-defined game task, as well as an example of one way of running a competition. In the process,
we provide a set of reference results for those who wish to use the simplerace game to benchmark their own algorithms. The paper is co-authored by the organizers and participants of the competition.
相似文献
4.
Metamodels for simulators are used to reduce computational costs in engineering system design. In general, metamodels have
different fit accuracy levels over different regions in the design variables space, especially for highly nonlinear responses
over wide spaces. A metamodeling strategy should place less emphasis on sub regions in the design variables space requiring
relatively less complex metamodels. In this paper, we present a graphically based methodology that can be used to partition
the space for piecewise metamodel building. The method is based on analyzing an initial global metamodel for acceptability
in terms of prediction accuracy over the whole space; then generating acceptance score distribution (ASD) plots. Visual inspection
of the ASD plots is used as a guidance to partition the design variables space, leading to a metamodel with fair prediction
accuracy on a piece-by-piece basis, not just globally on average. The proposed methodology is general and can be applied to
various metamodel types. It is tested on a number of problems, including some of the most highly nonlinear test problems used
in the literature.
相似文献
5.
Quantitative usability requirements are a critical but challenging, and hence an often neglected aspect of a usability engineering process. A case study is described where quantitative usability requirements played a key role in the development of a new user interface of a mobile phone. Within the practical constraints of the project, existing methods for determining usability requirements and evaluating the extent to which these are met, could not be applied as such, therefore tailored methods had to be developed. These methods and their applications are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Tracking location is challenging due to the numerous constraints of practical systems including, but not limited to global
cost, device volume and weight, scalability and accuracy; these constraints are typically more severe for systems that should
be wearable and used indoors. We investigate the use of wearable solar cells to track changing light conditions (a concept
that we named LuxTrace) as a source of user displacement and activity data. We evaluate constraints of this approach and present
results from an experimental validation of displacement and activity estimation. The results indicate that a distance estimation
accuracy of 21 cm (80% quantile) can be achieved. A simple method to combine LuxTrace with complementary absolute location
estimation methods is also presented. We apply carpet-like distributed RFID tags to demonstrate online learning of new lighting
environments.
相似文献
7.
Model transformations can be used in many different application scenarios, for instance, to provide interoperability between
models of different size and complexity. As a consequence, they are becoming more and more complex. However, model transformations
are typically developed manually. Several code patterns are implemented repetitively, thus increasing the probability of programming
errors and reducing code reusability. There is not yet a complete solution that automates the development of model transformations.
In this paper, we present a novel approach that uses matching transformations and weaving models to semi-automate the development
of transformations. Weaving models are models that contain different kinds of relationships between model elements. These
relationships capture different transformation patterns. Matching transformations are a special kind of transformations that
implement methods that create weaving models. We present a practical solution that enables the creation and the customization
of different creation methods in an efficient way. We combine different methods, and present a metamodel-based method that
exploits metamodel data to automatically produce weaving models. The weaving models are derived into model integration transformations.
To validate our approach, we present an experiment using metamodels with distinct size and complexity, which show the feasibility
and scalability of our solution.
相似文献
8.
The paper reflects on the unique experience of social and technological development in Lithuania since the regaining of independence
as a newly reshaped society constructing a distinctive competitive IST-based model at global level. This has presented Lithuanian
pattern of how to integrate different experiences and relations between generations in implementing complex information society
approaches. The resulting programme in general is linked to the Lisbon objectives of the European Union. The experience of
transitional countries in Europe, each different but facing some common problems, may be useful to developing countries in
Africa.
相似文献
9.
The complexity of group dynamics occurring in small group interactions often hinders the performance of teams. The availability
of rich multimodal information about what is going on during the meeting makes it possible to explore the possibility of providing
support to dysfunctional teams from facilitation to training sessions addressing both the individuals and the group as a whole.
A necessary step in this direction is that of capturing and understanding group dynamics. In this paper, we discuss a particular
scenario, in which meeting participants receive multimedia feedback on their relational behaviour, as a first step towards
increasing self-awareness. We describe the background and the motivation for a coding scheme for annotating meeting recordings
partially inspired by the Bales’ Interaction Process Analysis. This coding scheme was aimed at identifying suitable observable
behavioural sequences. The study is complemented with an experimental investigation on the acceptability of such a service.
相似文献
10.
Awareness systems have attracted significant research interest for their potential to support interpersonal relationships.
Investigations of awareness systems for the domestic environment have suggested that such systems can help individuals stay
in touch with dear friends or family and provide affective benefits to their users. Our research provides empirical evidence
to refine and substantiate such suggestions. We report our experience with designing and evaluating the ASTRA awareness system,
for connecting households and mobile family members. We introduce the concept of connectedness and its measurement through
the Affective Benefits and Costs of communication questionnaire (ABC-Q). We inform results that testify the benefits of sharing
experiences at the moment they happen without interrupting potential receivers. Finally, we document the role that lightweight,
picture-based communication can play in the range of communication media available.
相似文献
11.
Listening to music on personal, digital devices whilst mobile is an enjoyable, everyday activity. We explore a scheme for
exploiting this practice to immerse listeners in navigation cues. Our prototype, ONTRACK, continuously adapts audio, modifying
the spatial balance and volume to lead listeners to their target destination. First we report on an initial lab-based evaluation
that demonstrated the approach’s efficacy: users were able to complete tasks within a reasonable time and their subjective
feedback was positive. Encouraged by these results we constructed a handheld prototype. Here, we discuss this implementation
and the results of field-trials. These indicate that even with a low-fidelity realisation of the concept, users can quite
effectively navigate complicated routes.
相似文献
12.
To get the maximum benefit from ambient intelligence (AmI), we need to anticipate and react to possible drawbacks and threats
emerging from the new technologies in order to devise appropriate safeguards. The SWAMI project took a precautionary approach
in its exploration of the privacy risks in AmI and sought ways to reduce them. It constructed four “dark scenarios” showing
possible negative implications of AmI, notably for privacy protection. Legal analysis of the depicted futures showed the shortcomings
of the current legal framework in being able to provide adequate privacy protection in the AmI environment. In this paper,
the authors, building upon their involvement in SWAMI research as well as the further advancement of EU privacy analysis,
identify various outstanding issues regarding the legal framework that still need to be resolved in order to deal with AmI
in an equitable and efficacious way. This article points out some of the lacunae in the legal framework and postulates several
privacy-specific safeguards aimed at overcoming them.
相似文献
13.
We present a study of using camera-phones and visual-tags to access mobile services. Firstly, a user-experience study is described in which participants were both observed learning to interact with a prototype mobile service and interviewed
about their experiences. Secondly, a pointing-device task is presented in which quantitative data was gathered regarding the speed and accuracy with which participants aimed and clicked
on visual-tags using camera-phones. We found that participants’ attitudes to visual-tag-based applications were broadly positive,
although they had several important reservations about camera-phone technology more generally. Data from our pointing-device
task demonstrated that novice users were able to aim and click on visual-tags quickly (well under 3 s per pointing-device
trial on average) and accurately (almost all meeting our defined speed/accuracy tradeoff of 6% error-rate). Based on our findings,
design lessons for camera-phone and visual-tag applications are presented.
相似文献
14.
In this paper, we present an Inverse Multi-Objective Robust Evolutionary (IMORE) design methodology that handles the presence
of uncertainty without making assumptions about the uncertainty structure. We model the clustering of uncertain events in
families of nested sets using a multi-level optimization search. To reduce the high computational costs of the proposed methodology
we proposed schemes for (1) adapting the step-size in estimating the uncertainty, and (2) trimming down the number of calls
to the objective function in the nested search. Both offline and online adaptation strategies are considered in conjunction
with the IMORE design algorithm. Design of Experiments (DOE) approaches further reduce the number of objective function calls
in the online adaptive IMORE algorithm. Empirical studies conducted on a series of test functions having diverse complexities
show that the proposed algorithms converge to a set of Pareto-optimal design solutions with non-dominated nominal and robustness
performances efficiently.
相似文献
15.
A number of mobile applications have emerged that allow users to locate one another. However, people have expressed concerns
about the privacy implications associated with this class of software, suggesting that broad adoption may only happen to the
extent that these concerns are adequately addressed. In this article, we report on our work on P eopleF inder, an application that enables cell phone and laptop users to selectively share their locations with others (e.g. friends,
family, and colleagues). The objective of our work has been to better understand people’s attitudes and behaviors towards
privacy as they interact with such an application, and to explore technologies that empower users to more effectively and
efficiently specify their privacy preferences (or “policies”). These technologies include user interfaces for specifying rules
and auditing disclosures, as well as machine learning techniques to refine user policies based on their feedback. We present
evaluations of these technologies in the context of one laboratory study and three field studies.
相似文献
16.
The article draws on a decade of work in the UK by the UK Work Organisation Network (UKWON), and recommends a systematic approach.
Taking cases in the National Health Service, the focus is on employee involvement, partnership and the development of social
capital. High and low road approaches are compared, in an evaluation of the Improving Working Lives programme.
相似文献
17.
Several types of microstructural changes in microelectronic solder materials are briefly discussed, namely the formation of
intermetallics, Kirkendall voiding, spinodal decomposition, and coarsening. Moreover, a theoretical framework, based on the
entropy principle, is developed by means of which constitutive equations can be derived that are necessary to understand and
simulate such processes. The resulting equations are specialized to binary alloys and then investigated numerically. Finally,
simulations of spinodal decomposition and coarsening are performed for the eutectic solder AgCu. The theoretical predictions
are compared with experiments.
相似文献
18.
There are only a few ethical regulations that deal explicitly with robots, in contrast to a vast number of regulations, which
may be applied. We will focus on ethical issues with regard to “responsibility and autonomous robots”, “machines as a replacement
for humans”, and “tele-presence”. Furthermore we will examine examples from special fields of application (medicine and healthcare,
armed forces, and entertainment). We do not claim to present a complete list of ethical issue nor of regulations in the field
of robotics, but we will demonstrate that there are legal challenges with regard to these issues.
相似文献
19.
This paper proposes an appearance generative mixture model based on key frames for meanshift tracking. Meanshift tracking
algorithm tracks an object by maximizing the similarity between the histogram in tracking window and a static histogram acquired
at the beginning of tracking. The tracking therefore could fail if the appearance of the object varies substantially. In this
paper, we assume the key appearances of the object can be acquired before tracking and the manifold of the object appearance
can be approximated by piece-wise linear combination of these key appearances in histogram space. The generative process is
described by a Bayesian graphical model. An Online EM algorithm is proposed to estimate the model parameters from the observed
histogram in the tracking window and to update the appearance histogram. We applied this approach to track human head motion
and to infer the head pose simultaneously in videos. Experiments verify that our online histogram generative model constrained
by key appearance histograms alleviates the drifting problem often encountered in tracking with online updating, that the
enhanced meanshift algorithm is capable of tracking object of varying appearances more robustly and accurately, and that our
tracking algorithm can infer additional information such as the object poses.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
相似文献
20.
Wealth distribution based on classic sugarscape model leads to a population increase and the Gini coefficient decrease when
cooperation and communication parameters are taken into account. In another study, this model was developed by implying a
receipt of one-fifth of the assets of the population and derived utilization for poor people. The results showed a relation
between mortality decrease, population increase, and Gini coefficient decrease (equality increase). In a synergic process,
the wealth adjustment based on sugarscape model underwent some experiments by implying communication and cooperation, and
the mechanism of receiving and utilizing the assets. The results show that the population increase and the Gini coefficient
decrease play an important role in wealth adjustment.
相似文献
|