怎样正确选择牛奶（2）

奶品解读巴氏消毒奶通常是指将奶加热到75℃至80℃,进行10至15秒的杀菌,瞬间杀死致病微生物,属非无菌灌装,但其细菌含量不会对健康造成威胁。     

过氧乙酸在饮料无菌冷灌生产的应用——清洁室表面除菌作用

目前在全球食品行业，饮料无菌冷灌技术的应用日益广泛。为达到无菌灌装，灌装设备清洁室内表面的无菌程度和包装物表面以及饮料本身的无菌程度同样重要。在其清洁室表面清洗和杀菌过程中过氧乙酸扮演重要角色，通过研究过氧乙酸除菌效果同与除菌效果有关主要参数的关系（即微生物认证），连带经济因素，为企业提供合理的参考意见。     

新型无菌包装机投放市场

一种集制袋、灌装、计量、日期、打印、封切、成品输出为一体的SYBW-3000型无菌包装机,近日由唐山世创无菌奶技术有限公司研制成功并投入市场。据介绍,唐山世创无菌奶技术有限公司是一家专门研究开发、生产无菌奶生产线和无菌包装机的高科技企业。近年来,该公司针对我国现阶段国产无菌包装机存在的自动控制、灭菌、封口等方面的不足,加强与国内外科研机构、知名企业广泛合作,充分吸收国际先进经验和技术,成功地开发出SYBW-3000型无菌包装机。该机采用了美国的四重灭菌技术,可以保证灭菌效果100%,成为国内无菌包装机独具的特点。同时在自…     

怎样正确选择牛奶

超高温消毒奶又称常温奶,是指在130～140℃下,进行4～15s的瞬间灭菌处理、完全破坏其中可生长的微生物和芽孢,并在无菌状态下灌装,其优点是几乎不含细菌。由于添加了化学合成的鲜奶香精或奶油等高脂肪类物质,一般味道比较浓厚。但这种奶所采用的消毒方法不仅能破坏鲜奶中全部生物活性物质和大部分维生素,     

奶啤饮料的研制

以鲜奶为主要原料，通过发酵试验和感官评定，筛选出发酵风味好的菌株，探究奶啤饮料的工艺配方并进行奶啤稳定性研究。结果表明：利用啤酒酵母发酵，奶啤风味最好；当酵母接种量为4％，蔗糖添加量为8％，发酵温度为30℃，发酵时间为15h时生产的奶啤饮料风味最佳，而当CMC添加量为0．5％，黄原胶添加量为0．2％时，稳定性较好。     

原料奶中嗜冷菌的测定

１概述如果ＵＨＴ奶制品中发现有耐热蛋白酶存在（产品有凝块或发苦），或者有脂肪酶存在（产品有脂肪氧化味）时，则应对原奶中的嗜冷菌进行检验。２材料及仪器内装９９ｍｌ无菌稀释液的烧瓶；氯化钠水溶液（浓度０．７％，用于制备稀释液）；蒸馏水；无菌培养皿（预先灭...     

过氧乙酸在UHT奶中的应用

研究了过氧乙酸在UHT奶的实际应用中的作用，验证了过氧乙酸对于管道、罐体、灌装设备、车间空气及人员手的消毒作用．通过试验得出过氧乙酸在UHT奶生产中的应用浓度及使用最佳条件。     

消毒奶无菌灌装技术的开发

本文重点介绍消毒奶无菌灌装技术。     

汇源集团引进PET无菌冷灌装生产线

汇源集团投入巨资从国外引进 8条PET无菌冷灌装生产线。世界先进的无菌冷灌装生产线 ,采用UHT超高温瞬时灭菌 ,然后在 2 5℃常温下灌装 ,以最大限度减少果汁受热时间 ,保留水果的营养和新鲜。这种无菌技术最早用于航天领域 ,无菌技术达到D6级 ,即几乎没有微生物存在 ,等同于生产药剂的卫生条件。据悉 ,在整个灌装过程中 ,所有接触果汁的设备、物品甚至空间都经过了严格灭菌 :灌装机要进行蒸气灭菌 ,包装物品 (PET瓶和瓶盖 )要用过氧乙酸和无菌水杀菌 ,接触到果汁的其他物品要进行高精密过滤 ,以达到除菌目的。与传统热灌装技术相比 ,PE…     

酶法水解奶油制备奶味香精的研究

选取了脂肪酶对不同类型的奶油、奶酪和牛奶等进行酶解。在非水介质下水解，得到了奶香浓郁，赋香效果明显的奶味香精。水解时以乙醇或丙酮为溶剂，在pH7．0、50℃下解4h，酶用量为1％～1．5％时得到的奶味香精香气最浓郁。经过感官评定认为此产品香气自然、柔和，可作为调配奶味香精的香基。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press