基于设计过程的数据模型研究

建立一种设计过程数据的获取和管理结构——设计过程数据模型。设计过程数据包括产品数据、过程数据和过程管理数据。建立设计过程数据模型的原则是便于数据展示、共享、复用和知识提取。采用XML技术管理的设计数据具有平台及语言的无关性和独立性，非常适合于表示数据、概念和上下文，并能很方便地被不同的使用者在不同的环境下重复使用，便于网络上的传输与共享，并可供整个产品生命周期重用。设计数据模型已在一个基于过程的计算机辅助设计软件原型系统中实现。     

广义模块化设计原理及方法

针对传统模块化设计的局限性,将参数化设计和变量化分析技术引入模块化设计,提出广义模块化设计方法,从而拓展模块化设计的应用领域,使其既可适用于系列分级特性比较明显的产品及其产品族的开发,又可满足工况复杂、大载荷,需要进行结构强度、刚度设计,系列分级特性不明显的机械产品的开发设计.对广义模块化设计原理、广义产品平台、基于广义模块组合和基于广义产品平台的产品族规划方法进行系统阐述.最后以液压机广义模块化设计和产品族规划为例,详细说明广义模块化设计的基本原理和方法.     

面向大规模定制的产品族设计方法研究综述

产品族设计是大规模定制设计的关键和核心，对目前存在的面向大规模定制产品族设计的多种方法进行了分类总结，着重对基于模块化和基于可调节变量的产品族设计方法进行了阐述，包括产品族体系结构法PFA、健壮概念探索法RCEM、产品平台概念控索法PPCEM和基于变型的产品平台浩VBPDM等，在此基础上分析了目前产品族设计的不足之处及发展趋势。     

MODIFIED GENETIC ALGORITHM APPLIED TO SOLVE PRODUCT FAMILY OPTIMIZATION PROBLEM

The product family design problem solved by evolutionary algorithms is discussed.A successful product family design method should achieve an optimal tradeoff among a set of compet- ing objectives,which involves maximizing commonality across the family of products and optimizing the performances of each product in the family.A 2-level chromosome structured genetic algorithm (2LCGA)is proposed to solve this class of problems and its performance is analyzed in comparing its results with those obtained with other methods.By interpreting the chromosome as a 2-level linear structure,the variable commonality genetic algorithm(GA)is constructed to vary the amount of plat- form commonality and automatically searches across varying levels of commonality for the platform while trying to resolve the tradeoff between commonality and individual product performance within the product family during optimization process.By incorporating a commonality assessing index to the problem formulation,the 2LCGA optimize the product platform and its corresponding family of products in a single stage,which can yield improvements in the overall performance of the product family compared with two-stage approaches(the first stage involves determining the best settings for the platform variables and values of unique variables are found for each product in the second stage). The scope of the algorithm is also expanded by introducing a classification mechanism to allow mul- tiple platforms to be considered during product family optimization,offering opportunities for supe- rior overall design by more efficacious tradeoffs between commonality and performance.The effec- tiveness of 2LCGA is demonstrated through the design of a family of universal electric motors and comparison against previous results.     

Robust adaptable design considering changes of requirements and parameters during product operation stage

Increasing competition in the global marketplace demands products be adaptable to the changes of functional requirements, operation environments, and technology advancement. Adaptable design can be employed for developing adaptable products and systems that can be changed, such as reconfigured and upgraded, during product operation stage. In addition, since product and operating parameters are normally subject to influence of uncertainties that lead to variations of functional performance, robust design needs to be carried out to identify the design whose functional performance is the least sensitive to the variations of product and operating parameters. This research aims at developing a robust adaptable design approach such that the product is adaptable to various changes in requirements and parameters during the product operation stage, meanwhile the product functional performance measures are the least sensitive to parameter variations. First, the requirements, parameters, and variations of these parameters are defined as numerical functions of a time parameter. Then, mathematical models are established to describe the relationships among product design/operating parameters, functional performances, and variations of these parameters and performances. Furthermore, an optimization-based model is developed to achieve the robust adaptable design. A case study has also been developed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the newly developed robust adaptable design method.     

Robust design of configurations and parameters of adaptable products

An adaptable product can satisfy different customer requirements by changing its configuration and parameter values during the operation stage. Design of adaptable products aims at reducing the environment impact through replacement of multiple different products with single adaptable ones. Due to the complex architecture, multiple functional requirements, and changes of product configurations and parameter values in operation, impact of uncertainties to the functional performance measures needs to be considered in design of adaptable products. In this paper, a robust design approach is introduced to identify the optimal design configuration and parameters of an adaptable product whose functional performance measures are the least sensitive to uncertainties. An adaptable product in this paper is modeled by both configurations and parameters. At the configuration level, methods to model different product configuration candidates in design and different product configuration states in operation to satisfy design requirements are introduced. At the parameter level, four types of product/operating parameters and relations among these parameters are discussed. A two-level optimization approach is developed to identify the optimal design configuration and its parameter values of the adaptable product. A case study is implemented to illustrate the effectiveness of the newly developed robust adaptable design method.     

基于变量化设计的仪表参数化零件图库的开发及应用

利用以变量化设计为指导思想的软件I DEAS作为开发平台 ,对仪表产品造型零部件图库的设计技术进行了研究 ,建立了基于变量化的尺寸关联驱动的仪表参数化图库 ,为快速实现仪表产品造型虚拟原型逼真设计、系列产品的开发提供了快捷可行的方法。     

生长型产品族设计平台

分析了面向大批量定制要求和开展产品族设计的研究现状,提出了用生长型设计自动化技术开展产品族设计研究,以解决产品族设计中共性与个性之间、模块化与创新之间的矛盾,从而提高定制的灵活性。介绍了生长型产品族设计平台及其主要功能:需求分解与可操作标准化、按需创成结构、标准化广义定位模式运用、现有零件资源匹配等。通过设计过程实例说明了生长型产品族设计平台的应用潜力。     

Product platform commonization: platform construction and platform elements capture

Platform-based product family design is an effective means for mass customization. Platform commonization is one of the key problems in developing product platforms. Through discussion on the relevant problems of platform commonization, this article presents a framework of layered constructing platform architecture to improve commonality of platforms. Subsequently, an approach to capturing platform elements, viz. Graph theory-based clustering analysis (GTBCA), is proposed, which illustrates the construction of platforms through analyzing the commonality and standardization on a set of existing similar products of a company. The method can be used to help designers plan and design product platform rationally and develop a product family effectively for mass customization. In the end, a case study of a pumping unit product family is presented to illustrate the feasibility and validity of the approach.     

ADAPTABLE DESIGN OF MACHINE TOOLS STRUCTURES

Adaptable design aims to extend the utilities of design and product. The specific methods are developed for practical applications of adaptable design in the design of mechanical structures, including adaptable platform, interface and module designs. Adaptable redesign problems are formulated as adaptable platform design under adaptability bound constraints. Analysis tools are then suggested for the implementation of the redesign of machine tool structures, including variation techniques based sensitivity analysis, similarity-based commonality analysis, performance improvement, and adaptability measures. The specific measure of adaptability for machine tool structures is measured through the quantification of the structural similarity and performance improvement gained from adaptable design. The method provides designers with an approach that brings adaptability into the design process, with considering the cost and benefits of such adaptability. The redesign of CNC spiral bevel gear cutting machine structures has been included to illustrate these concepts and methods.     

面向可适应性的稳健性产品平台规划方法

为更好地快速响应市场的多样化需求,引入面向可适应性的产品平台结构概念。根据稳健设计与可适应设计在提升产品适应外部环境变化的能力、考虑设计变更及以低成本获得高质量产品方面的一致性,提出了面向可适应性的稳健性产品平台规划方法,在产品平台规划初期就开始考虑产品的稳健性,并使设计具有可适应性,以避免后期出现大的返工。以公理设计理论为指导,通过“Zigzagging”映射,依照功能需求分析及三种类型的划分,合理提炼特征设计参数,建立产品平台的功能要求和设计参数矩阵。将灰色系统理论应用到产品平台的稳健设计中,结合试验设计与关联度方差分析,合理识别平台参数和变型参数。然后分两阶段进行稳健优化,确定产品族基体产品和每个变型产品的设计参数的最佳设计方案。通过卷筒组产品族的规划实例,说明了该方法的可行性和实用性。     

Managing modularity in product family design with functional modeling

Recent market transition from mass production to mass customization forces manufacturers to develop product families with a common platform to increase design variety, shorten time-to-market, and reduce production costs. This paper presents a new functional modeling approach to support identification of both shared and individual behavioral modules across a family of products for module-based product family design. After separate functional modeling of each product variant, the individual functional models are merged into a single, coherent, and unified family functional model to determine all the shared and individual behavioral modules. The modularity in the family functional model is further explicitly identified using a behavioral modularity matrix of product variants versus behavior. The proposed approach provides a fast method for generating new concept variants during the conceptual design of a family of products. The rationale of managing modularity in product family design with functional modeling is manifested using a modular design example of a family of automatic assembly devices.     

面向产品族设计的公共产品平台研究

基于公共产品平台的产品族设计是实现大批量定制的一种有效方式，我们从下述几个方面对公共产品平台的研究现状进行了分析和总结：平台开发和设计方法、平台评价方法以及平台在实践中的应用等。在此基础上分析了现有相关研究的不足或局限性，最后讨论了平台的发展趋势。     

机械产品协同设计制造信息管理平台的开发

针对机械产品设计制造过程,开发了一个交互式、分布式且面向产品设计制造流程的机械产品协同设计制造信息管理平台。根据机械产品数字化流程,将过程信息分为设计分析型数据、图形数据和管理型数据,利用工程数据库来进行信息管理,结合网络技术开发出机械产品数字化设计制造信息管理平台.该平台在某型产品的开发应用表明,它能实现设计制造管理信息在Web上的交换与共享,满足设计工艺管理人员协同开发的要求,为促进机械产品设计制造行业能力的提高作了有益的探索。     

Method for Functional Design of Axiomatic Design Based on Connections

Axiomatic design(AD) is a popular design method,and satisfying the independence axiom is the basis of AD.However,AD doesn't provide methods to decompose functions then keep them independent and to handle coupled design.A few of ways of handling coupled design are mainly passive resolutions when coupled design exists,but not efficient to each product design.Hence,this paper presents an innovative approach to design and decompose functions of complex products based on functional connections,aiming at actively...     

产品族设计中变型产品的知识描述

提出了在大批量定制生产模式下的产品族设计框架。在分析产品结构树的基础之上，对产品族中变型产品知识结构的描述进行了研究。该研究为产品族的建立提出系统的分析方法，并为企业的产品族设计提供了理论性的指导。     

面向大批量定制的公共产品平台研究

介绍了公共产品平台的概念和特征，探讨了基于公共平台的产品族设计方法，给出了面向大批量定制的公共平台体系结构框架及其形式化表达；探讨了企业在面向大批量定制设计中公共产品平台的开发策略，详细论述了公共平台开发中的关键技术，并对平台元素的粒度问题、平台的选择和评价，以及跨企业的广义公共产品平台策略进行了说明。     

基于可调节变量的内圆磨床产品族设计

为了解决产品族设计中模块化设计方法存在的缺点 ,以基于可调节变量的产品族设计方法为基础 ,结合内圆磨床的特点 ,提出了基于可调节变量的内圆磨床产品族设计方法 ,给出了产品族设计流程 ,建立了内圆磨床产品族模型。该方法实现的关键是产品公共平台和可调因子的确定。设计过程中首先进行市场网格划分 ,并将市场细分网格和全部设计需求利用质量功能配置映射为设计变量 ;然后将组成产品族的产品设计变量利用相容决策支持问题划分为公共平台和可调因子 ,通过可调因子值的改变实现产品族设计 ;最后 ,应用该方法建立了M 2 110内圆磨床产品族模型 ,包括功能模型与结构模型 ,实现了面向大规模定制的内圆磨床产品族设计 ,为实现基于网络的产品族定制设计奠定了基础     

集线器产品设计平台的研究与开发

通过对集线器产品结构特点的研究,结合Pro／E软件的二次开发功能建立适应集线器产品开发的设计体系平台。该系统平台的应用缩短了集线器产品的开发周期,提高了集线器产品的设计效率。同时,该系统平台的开发方法也可应用于其它企业的产品设计体系平台的开发。     

基于设计结构矩阵的模块化产品族设计方法研究

为解决产品族设计中的模块化和核心平台的确定问题，本文针对产品族的产品相似性和零部件的可性等特点，从功能和结构两个层次进行界面关联并构建量化的设计结构矩阵，然后进行信息处理和部件的敏感性分析。通过部件之间关联信息量及其比例的分析，规划了产品族开发顺序，从任务聚合的角度实现部件聚合。综合考虑两种层次的界面关联分析，在实现产品族模块化的基础上确定了核心平台。最后，以咖啡机为例说明了上述方法。