钢筋混凝土框架核心筒结构地震韧性评价

随着中国高层建筑的蓬勃发展,“大震不倒”的性能目标已经不能满足现代社会的需求,提高其地震韧性是当下高层建筑抗震的发展趋势.对比目前代表性的韧性计算方法,构建了一种基于构件损伤状态的结构使用功能量化方法,提出了结构地震韧性的评价流程,并应用于典型钢筋混凝土框架核心筒高层建筑结构的地震韧性评价.研究结果表明:所提出的基于构...     

地震灾害作用下老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升

针对老旧建筑改造问题,提出老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升框架,对其韧性进行评估与提升.所提框架将老旧建筑群韧性评估与提升分为灾前、灾中和灾后恢复阶段.灾前通过文献回顾与分析建立旧社区的初始功能目标,并利用事件树分析方法将目标分解得到老旧建筑群功能目标.随后对老旧建筑群初始功能进行评估,判断其初始功能是否满足目标需求.对于未达...     

城市抗震韧性评估研究进展

现阶段,我国大城市与城市群内人员和社会财富高度密集,基础设施林立,城市地震安全问题严重威胁着我国新型城镇化战略的实施,灾害脆弱性已经成为现阶段城镇化进程中制约城市可持续发展的核心问题,实现工程设施、城市乃至整个社会的抗震韧性已经成为国际地震工程界的共识。抗震韧性城市的研究涉及地震学、土木工程、人工智能、遥感技术、社会学、经济学、管理学等多个学科,是一项极具挑战性的课题。文中阐明了城市抗震韧性的定义,系统总结了城市抗震韧性评估的国内外研究现状,并提出了建设抗震韧性城市所涉及到的科学技术问题及韧性能力提升策略。     

Effect of vertical structural irregularity on seismic design of tall buildings

Many tall buildings are practically irregular as an entirely regular high‐rise building rarely exists. This study is thus devoted to assessing the approach and coefficients used in the seismic design of real‐life tall buildings with different vertical irregularity features. Five 50‐story buildings are selected and designed using finite element models and international building codes to represent the most common vertical irregularities of reinforced concrete tall buildings in regions of medium seismicity. Detailed fiber‐based simulation models are developed to assess the seismic response of the five benchmark buildings under the effect of 40 earthquake records representing far‐field and near‐source seismic scenarios. The results obtained from a large number of inelastic pushover and incremental dynamic analyses provide insights into the local and global seismic response of the reference structures and confirm the inferior local response of tall buildings with severe vertical irregularities. Due to the significant impacts of the severe irregularity types on the seismic response of tall buildings, the conservative code approach and coefficients are recommended for design. It is also concluded that although the design coefficients of buildings with moderate irregularities are adequately conservative, they can be revised to arrive at more consistent safety margins and cost‐effective designs.     

GB/T 38591-2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》与国际相关标准对比研究

建筑抗震韧性是指建筑结构在设定水准地震作用后维持和迅速恢复使用功能的能力.建立系统化的抗震韧性评价方法是建设抗震韧性建筑乃至韧性城市的重要组成部分.国际上从2012年起提出和发展了建筑抗震韧性评价方法,形成了多本韧性评价标准或指南.中国GB/T 38591-2020《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》于2020年3月31日发布,将...     

Performance evaluation of infilled rocking wall frame structure

Conventional reinforced concrete (RC) frame structures are prone to soft‐story mechanism. This deficiency can be eliminated by introducing rocking wall system. Previously studied rocking wall systems usually have the rocking wall situated outside the frame, which results in some challenges and inconvenience. In the study, a novel infilled rocking wall frame (IRWF) system is proposed, which uses infilled RC wall to create a rocking wall within the RC frame. To evaluate seismic performance of the proposed system, both an IRWF model and an RC frame (RCF) model were designed according to Chinese seismic design code. Time history analysis and incremental dynamic analysis were conducted to compare both systems. The results show that IRWF system has more uniform drift and higher collapse margin ratio compared to the RCF system. Economic evaluation of IRWF system was investigated using the state‐of‐the‐art ATC‐58 performance‐based assessment methodology. The result shows superior performance of the IRWF system. The annualized loss of the IRWF model is about 28% less than the RCF model. This shows IRWF system is a viable and efficient alternative resilient seismic force resisting system.     

基于建筑抗震韧性评价标准的某教学楼抗震韧性评价分析

对传统抗震设防目标和"可恢复功能"的抗震设计理念进行了介绍,采用新编国家标准《建筑抗震韧性评价标准》中的评价方法,对一栋新建小学教学楼进行了抗震韧性评价分析,对其修复费用、修复时间和人员损失进行了评估,以确定其抗震韧性等级.结果表明,抗震韧性评价可以对建筑物抗震性能进行量化分析,提供更易理解且更有价值的性能指标;同时,...     

某综合楼的加层改造和抗震性能分析研究

以某综合楼项目为研究背景,在已建的八层框架—剪力墙结构基础上,新加三层钢框架—屈曲支撑结构,从技术可行性和经济合理性两方面确定了较为合理的加层方案,同时运用两种软件对该工程实例进行抗震分析,验证了结构的安全性,在结构安全的前提下,进一步对结构作了罕遇地震下的结构分析,为类似工程提供参考。     

装配式自复位剪切型铅阻尼器抗震韧性试验研究

电力系统的抗震韧性是韧性城市建设的核心之一,研发高强度瓷、瓷的替代材料以及附加减隔震元件是提高瓷柱式电气设备抗震韧性的重要手段。以典型高柔型电气设备为研究对象,研发了适用于该类电气设备的装配式自复位剪切型铅阻尼器,对阻尼器核心元件——形状记忆合金棒材及装配式剪切型铅阻尼器进行了滞回性能试验,研究了主耗能环长度对装配式剪切型铅阻尼器力学性能的影响。试验结果表明：形状记忆合金棒材的等效阻尼比介于4%～11%之间,其位移恢复率超过60%,具有很好的复位能力;附加耗能环可以提高装配式剪切型铅阻尼器的耗能稳定性,通过阻尼器及其核心元件滞回性能的对比,验证了装配式自复位剪切型铅阻尼器具有形状记忆合金阻尼器高复位能力和装配式剪切型铅阻尼器高耗能能力等的综合特性,为电气设备的抗震安全性提供有效依据。     

单体建筑抗震韧性评估方法研究与应用

选择已安装观测台阵的某教学楼为例,建立OpenSEES模型,利用振动数据识别结构自振特性标定数值模型,至两者结果吻合良好后,输入10条地震动开展结构弹塑性分析.结果表明楼层层间位移角均在规范限值下,结构抗震性能完好,建筑韧性仅考虑功能损失影响.依据吊顶和填充墙的易损性曲线中2种损伤状态的损失比和发生概率,计算该建筑结构...     

高层建筑结构非线性地震反应分析的竖向空间子结构法

对原竖向空间子结构法进行了改进,使竖向空间子结构的划分更趋简单,便于计算机进行前处理,自动形成结构力学分析的原始数据;子结构内部能处理各种复杂平、立面情况,避免了因子结构划分过细导致的计算工作量的增加;减少了边界节点总数;子结构间无需连接单元,结构分析仅有统一的竖向空间子结构模式,便于计算机编程,本文作者采用FORTRAN语言编制了相应的结构非线性地震反应分析程序,并进行算例分析。分析结果表明,竖向空间子结构法特别适合于多塔联体结构的非线性动力分析。     

浅析填充墙对框架结构抗震性能的影响

介绍了填充墙对主体结构、框架柱、框架梁的抗震性能的影响,并对框架填充墙进行结构设计时提出了一些建议和加强措施,供设计人员参考。     

Incremental dynamic collapse analysis of RC core‐wall tall buildings considering spatial seismic response distributions

Despite wide‐ranging studies on fragility analysis and collapse safety assessment of short to medium‐rise reinforced concrete (RC) structures, a new interest in the topic is still valuable and even necessary for tall RC buildings. This study aims at establishing fragility relationships as well as collapse probability of high‐rise RC core‐wall buildings under maximum considered earthquake ground motions. This study is carried out in a probabilistic framework on a case study of a fully 3‐dimensional numerical model developed to simulate seismic behavior of a 42‐story building having a RC core‐wall system. Proposing planar and vertical distributions of ductility and damage indices, the incremental dynamic analysis, and the multi‐direction nonlinear static (pushover) analyses were employed to reach the research goal. Median collapse‐level capacities were defined in terms of seismic responses (e.g., ductility/damage indices) as well as several intensity measures by employing statistical analyses and cumulative density functions. Available and acceptable collapse margin ratios were next estimated to quantify collapse safety at maximum considered earthquake shaking level. On an average basis, the statistics indicated 9%–10% and 5%–6% collapse probability of the building subjected to near‐ and far‐field ground motions, respectively.     

利用系数计算多层内框架房屋水平地震作用和楼层地震剪力的分析

根据现行GB50011-2001<建筑抗震设计规范>的有关规定,在符合基本假定的条件下,推导出多层内框架房屋各楼层水平地震作用和地震剪力的系数公式,并用系数简化计算水平地震作用和地震剪力,可供设计参考.     

考虑时间因素及分层加载的高层建筑力学性能

采用通用有限元计算软件,建立了某高层混凝土框架结构的空间有限元计算模型,分析了当考虑时间因素及分层加载时,该结构在竖向荷载作用下的受力情况,并得出了一些具有实用价值的结论,以供参考.     

高层钢结构不同减震加固方案的抗震韧性评估

随着既有建筑减震加固需求的不断增加,如何从抗震韧性的新角度评估减震加固方案的合理性成为一个需要关注的问题。该文以一栋高层钢结构减震加固为例,从抗震韧性的角度对两种减震方案进行对比。首先基于数学算法,从PEER(Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center)地震动数据库中选取20条地震波,使所选地震动的加速度反应谱均值和目标谱吻合,并实现每条反应谱在结构基本周期点和目标谱完全吻合;通过3000次蒙特卡洛模拟,得到修复费用、修复时间和伤亡率的对数正态分布函数,并取84%分位值作为代表值,以比较两种加固方案的优劣;提出加固收益率的概念,并从加固收益的角度重新评估两种方案的经济效益,结果表明阻尼器较多的加固方案可能造成加固成本大于修复成本,使阻尼器数量较少的加固方案更加经济合理。该文的工作是抗震韧性在减震加固中方案评估中的应用,完善减震加固理论体系,为抗震韧性的在减震加固工程中的应用提供借鉴。     

Study on seismic performance of a super‐tall steel–concrete hybrid structure

Many steel–concrete hybrid buildings have been built in China. The seismic performance of such hybrid system is much more complicated than that of steel structure or reinforced concrete (RC) structure. A steel–concrete hybrid frame‐tube super‐tall building structure with new type of shear walls to be built in a district of seismic intensity 8 in China was studied for its structural complexity and irregularity. Both model test and numerical simulation were applied to obtain the detailed knowledge of seismic performance for this structure. First, a 1/30 scaled model structure was tested on the shaking table under different levels of earthquakes. The failure process and mechanism of the model structure are presented here. Nonlinear time‐history analysis of the prototype structure was then conducted by using the software PERFORM‐3D. The dynamic characteristics, inter‐story drift ratios and energy dissipation conditions are introduced. On the basis of the comparison between the deformation demand and capacity of main structural components at individual performance level under different earthquake level, the seismic performance at the member level was also evaluated. Despite the structural complexity and code‐exceeding height, both experimental and analytical results indicate that the overall seismic performance of the structure meet the requirements of the Chinese design code. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

高层剪力墙结构水平位移和转角简化计算方法的初探

本文提出一种简化计算高层剪力墙结构水平位移和转角的方法,即通过对高层剪力墙结构简化处理得到等效常截面常刚度悬臂杆,基于此简化模型可以利用叠加法和共轭梁法来简化计算结构在水平荷栽的作用下各节点处的水平位移和转角。     

填充墙对混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响

结合GB50011—2010建筑结构抗震设计规范和JGJ3-2002高层建筑混凝土结构技术规程,以框架结构工程为例,对填充墙刚度对混凝土框架结构抗震性能的影响进行了研究,并得出一些有益的结论,以期指导混凝土框架结构抗震设计。