时变大时滞神经元自适应预测PID控制器

本文提出一种克服时变大时滞,扰主被控制过程参数时变的神经自适应预测ＰＩＤ控制算法。该算法利用预测控制克服时滞,利用智能方法优化ＰＩＤ控制器的参数。     

一类不确定性时滞系统的鲁棒控制器设计

本文讨论了一类非匹配时滞系统的鲁棒自适应控制和非线性控制问题.所讨论系统包含时滞及不确定性扰动项,且扰动项关于具有未知增益的高阶多项式函数有界而不是关于线性函数有界.利用Lyapunov-Krasovskii方法提出了保证系统渐近稳定的自适应控制器设计方法,相应的控制器是时滞依赖的.并利用Razumikhin引理给出了能使系统一致最终有界稳定的时滞独立的控制器设计方法.     

一类非线性时滞系统的迭代学习控制设计

为了研究时滞对非线性系统的迭代学习控制收敛性的影响,采用了λ范数和一系列不等式技术,通过建立精确的数学模型,分析了在PD学习律下的Hopfield非线性神经网络系统。在全局Lipschi-tz连续条件下,研究了确保系统跟踪误差收敛的充分条件。理论推导证明时滞对这类非线性系统的迭代学习控制系统的收敛性没有显著的影响,仿真结果表明,迭代学习控制可以实现对非线性时滞系统的精确轨迹跟踪。     

一类不确定时滞混沌系统的输出追踪控制

对一类不确定时滞混沌系统的输出追踪控制问题进行了研究，提出了一种新的控制方法。该方法表明具有期望系统动力学行为的线性时不变系统可作为时滞沌系统输出跟踪的参考模型。然后设计了追踪控制器驱动时滞混沌的输出跟踪期望的线性系统。基于这种设计方法，被控时滞混沌系统的输出可以具有同期望的系统相同的行为。最后给出的仿真实例说明了所给方法的有效性。     

一类时滞线性系统的变结构振动控制

应用自适应性和鲁棒性良好的变结构控制理论，研究时滞影响下机械和结构的振动问题，给出控制律的等速趋近律设计方法和系统稳定性与时滞量无关的判据，排除时滞带给系统稳定性分析的困扰。算例结果表明，所提出的变结构控制方法能有效地减小时滞振动系统的峰值响应，系统保持稳定。     

大时滞不稳定对象的PID控制

对一阶大时滞不稳定对象的控制，普通的PID控制器很难满足要求，有时甚至无法实现系统的稳定。采用了双环控制结构，先构造内环状态反馈以改善对象动态特性，然后按照内模控制原理设计外环的控制器。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

一类自适应预调节PID控制器的设计

针对具有未知或缓慢时变的参数的系统,广义预测控制技术(GPC)就是一种很有效的自我调节控制技术.通过详细分析GPC技术,提出一类新的自适应预调节PID控制算法.通过计算机仿真实验,获得了良好的效果,与传统的固定取值PID控制方法相比,控制精度和跟踪特性均得到了显著提高.     

一类混合时滞系统的观测器设计

对于一类具有状态和有限自动机输出时滞的离散混合系统,给出了混合观测器的设计方法。观测器由一个位置观测器和一个离散状态观测器组成。前者应用自动机观测器来确定混合系统的当前位置,后者应用龙伯格观测器对系统离散状态的演化进行估计。对于每一个独立的观测器,系统的信息往往不完全,为了在这种情况下仍能应用混合观测器对系统进行观测,在两类独立观测器的基础上给出了一个新的信号产生器,将两类观测器有机结合起来。同时给出了信号产生器中决策函数的充分条件,进一步得到了整个混合观测器指数收敛的充分条件。保证该混合观测器能在有限步内判断出系统的当前位置,同时指数收敛于真实离散时间状态。最后,给出了仿真例子说明设计方法的可行性和有效性。     

不确定时滞系统的基于观察器的稳定化控制器设计

本文研究不确定时滞系统的鲁棒镇定问题,在系统状态不能直接测量的情况下,提出了基于观察器的稳定化控制器设计方法.     

时滞系统的内模控制设计及应用

基于内模控制理论,对时滞控制系统的纯滞后环节。采用一阶Pade近似。设计了结构简单,且只有一个参数需要整定的IMC—PID控制器。结果表明：该控制器可获得相当于内模控制器良好的控制性能和鲁棒性。又可充分利用成熟的PID控制器。因而具有良好的位置跟随特性。     

Design PID controllers for desired time-domain or frequency-domain response

Practical requirements on the design of control systems, especially process control systems, are usually specified in terms of time-domain response, such as overshoot and rise time, or frequency-domain response, such as resonance peak and stability margin. Although numerous methods have been developed for the design of the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, little work has been done in relation to the quantitative time-domain and frequency-domain responses. In this paper, we study the following problem: Given a nominal stable process with time delay, we design a suboptimal PID controller to achieve the required time-domain response or frequency-domain response for the nominal system or the uncertain system. An H(infinity) PID controller is developed based on optimal control theory and the parameters are derived analytically. Its properties are investigated and compared with that of two developed suboptimal controllers: an H2 PID controller and a Maclaurin PID controller. It is shown that all three controllers can provide the quantitative time-domain and frequency-domain responses.     

非线性时滞系统自适应模糊动态面控制

针对含完全未知时滞的不确定非线性系统的控制问题,提出了一种自适应模糊动态面控制方案.首先采用模糊逻辑系统逼近系统的未知时滞函数,进而用参考信号代换逼近器输入中的未知时滞信号,取消了对未知时滞常作的假设,摆脱了控制器构造对时滞假设条件的依赖性.模糊逼近和时滞代换产生的误差则采用自适应边界技术处理.基于Lyapunov-Krasovskii泛函,证明了闭环系统所有信号半全局一致最终有界,通过调节设计参数可以实现任意的跟踪精度.仿真实例进一步说明了该方案的可行性.     

On the fragility of fractional-order PID controllers for FOPDT processes

This paper analyzes the fragility issue of fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative controllers applied to integer first-order plus-dead-time processes. In particular, the effects of the variations of the controller parameters on the achieved control system robustness and performance are investigated. Results show that this kind of controllers is more fragile with respect to the standard proportional-integral-derivative controllers and therefore a significant attention should be paid by the user in their tuning.     

大纯滞后系统一种新预估模糊控制

提出了一种大纯滞后系统新预估控制方法,对大纯滞后系统进行了有效的模糊控制.该控制方法与纯滞后时间τ无关,方法简单,易于工程实现,使常规模糊控制在大纯滞后系统的控制中如同对无纯滞后系统的控制一样有效.文中证明了该方法使系统的稳定性与系统的纯滞后无关,并经MATLAB仿真验证,该法具有良好的控制品质,且能适应对象参数和结构有一定变化的时滞系统.     

A simple method of tuning parallel cascade controllers for unstable FOPTD systems

A simple method is proposed to design parallel cascade controllers for open loop unstable processes. A proportional (P)controller is considered for the secondary loop and a proportional integral (PI) controller is considered for the primary loop (P/PI control configuration). Coefficients of the corresponding powers of s (Laplace variable), in the numerator is matched with the coefficients of the corresponding powers of s in the denominator of a closed loop transfer function for a servo problem. Three simulation case studies are considered in this paper. The first case involves a stable secondary loop process and an unstable primary process, the second case involves both unstable primary and secondary processes and the third one, a simulation application to a nonlinear bioreactor model equations. For comparison purposes, P/PI controller design is also carried out by improved simultaneous relay autotuning method, synthesis method and minimizing ISE criterion method. It is found that the proposed method gives a better performance. Robust stability analysis using the complimentary sensitivity function is carried out. The present method is found to be more robust.     

Design and implementation of a new fuzzy PID controller for networked control systems

This paper presents a practical network platform to design and implement a networked-based cascade control system linking a Smar Foundation Fieldbus (FF) controller (DFI-302) and a Siemens programmable logic controller (PLC-S7-315-2DP) through Industrial Ethernet to a laboratory pilot plant. In the presented network configuration, the Smar OPC tag browser and Siemens WinCC OPC Channel provide the communicating interface between the two controllers. The paper investigates the performance of a PID controller implemented in two different possible configurations of FF function block (FB) and networked control system (NCS) via a remote Siemens PLC. In the FB control system implementation, the desired set-point is provided by the Siemens Human-Machine Interface (HMI) software (i.e, WinCC) via an Ethernet Modbus link. While, in the NCS implementation, the cascade loop is realized in remote Siemens PLC station and the final element set-point is sent to the Smar FF station via Ethernet bus. A new fuzzy PID control strategy is then proposed to improve the control performances of the networked-based control systems due to an induced transmission delay degradation effect. The proposed strategy utilizes an innovative idea based on sectionalizing the error signal of the step response into three different functional zones. The supporting philosophy behind these three functional zones is to decompose the desired control objectives in terms of rising time, settling time and steady-state error measures maintained by an appropriate PID-type controller in each zone. Then, fuzzy membership factors are defined to configure the control signal on the basis of the fuzzy weighted PID outputs of all three zones. The obtained results illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed fuzzy PID control scheme in improving the performances of the implemented NCS for different transportation delays.     

Tuning PID controllers for higher-order oscillatory systems with improved performance

In this paper, model based design of PID controllers is proposed for higher-order oscillatory systems. The proposed method has no limitations regarding systems order, time delays and oscillatory behavior. The reduced model is achieved based on third-order modeling and selection of coefficients through the use of frequency responses. The tuning of the PID parameters are obtained from a reduced third-order model; the procedure seems to be simple and effective, and improved performance of the overall system can be achieved. Three simulation examples and one real-time experiment are included to demonstrate the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method to systems with oscillatory behavior.     

IMC-PID-fractional-order-filter controllers design for integer order systems

One of the reasons of the great success of standard PID controllers is the presence of simple tuning rules, of the automatic tuning feature and of tables that simplify significantly their design. For the fractional order case, some tuning rules have been proposed in the literature. However, they are not general because they are valid only for some model cases. In this paper, a new approach is investigated. The fractional property is not especially imposed by the controller structure but by the closed loop reference model. The resulting controller is fractional but it has a very interesting structure for its implementation. Indeed, the controller can be decomposed into two transfer functions: an integer transfer function which is generally an integer PID controller and a simple fractional filter.     

卡尔曼滤波器在PID控制器中的应用研究

本文建立球杆系统模型并分析系统中噪声,采用卡尔曼滤波器来克服球杆系统中的测量噪声和控制噪声对控制性能的影响,并在MATLAB环境下进行对比仿真试验,验证了滤波器对噪声的有效抑制作用。     

Tuning of PID controllers for boiler-turbine units

A simple two-by-two model for a boiler-turbine unit is demonstrated in this paper. The model can capture the essential dynamics of a unit. The design of a coordinated controller is discussed based on this model. A PID control structure is derived, and a tuning procedure is proposed. The examples show that the method is easy to apply and can achieve acceptable performance.