Gramazio Kohler Research,Automated Diversity: New Morphologies of Vertical Urbanism

Automated fabrication techniques are currently largely confined to the production of discrete objects or building elements. To notch up the potential of robotics for architectural design, it is necessary to start to push the limits and experiment at a larger urban scale. Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler are pioneers in this field. Here, with Jan Willmann , they describe the research that they are undertaking as part of the Future Cities Laboratory (FCL) located at the Singapore-ETH Centre for Global Environmental Sustainability (SEC) and ETH Zurich, in which robotic fabrication technologies are employed to realize 1:50 physical models of mixed-use high-rise structures that are unique in their spatial layouts.     

In-Situ Fabrication: Mobile Robotic Units on Construction Sites

Enabling the robotic fabrication of building elements directly on a construction site, in-situ fabrication is a radical and novel approach to the application of digital fabrication in architecture. Volker Helm of ETH Zurich describes how an on-site unit, developed with Fabio Gramazio and Matthias Kohler in the Architecture and Digital Fabrication department at the university, offers the first-ever generic robot with applications in a wide range of processes, providing the means of investigating the requirements and capacities involved in non-standardised fabrication.     

当建筑师开始撰写“代码” 从格拉玛兹与科勒的建筑实践谈起

文章以瑞士苏黎世联邦理工学院的格拉玛兹与科勒两位教授在建筑教学与实践中的作品为线索,探讨了当建筑师可以像绘制草图那样娴熟地撰写与建构逻辑相符的设计生成＂代码＂时,依靠现代工业机器人的柔性可编程制造技术,建筑师将面对的新技术、新方法、新思想。可以预见的是,建筑师在未来可以通过他们的＂代码＂来掌控建筑的建造过程,从而重新回到建筑活动的中心位置。     

集成化的勘察设计业务网络管理系统

在计算机网络环境下集成的勘察设计业务管理系统是今后勘察设计行业软件应用的发展趋势 .该系统集成了工程项目管理、设计业务管理 .它有效利用了网络化的设计环境 ,提高了设计质量 ,缩短了设计周期     

Rationalist Practice

Max Dudler's buildings, conceived as apparently autonomous and self-referential objects, nonetheless demonstrate a reciprocal relationship with the city and have, over the past two decades, presented a consistent Rationalist approach. Born in 1949 in Switzerland, Max Dudler studied architecture in Frankfurt/Main and Berlin. From 1981 to 1986 he worked in the office of OM Ungers on the projects for the Frankfurt trade fair, and has run his own practice, with offices in Berlin, Frankfurt and Zurich, since 1992. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

对企业档案编研工作的探索与思考

针对企业的档案编辑与研究工作的祈局面，阐述了企业档案编辑与研究工作的新特点，以及积极确立企业档案编辑与研究的新理念，提出努力实现企业档案编辑与研究工作的新转变。     

Radical Sources of Design Engineering

The German architect and structural engineer, Werner Sobek is internationally renowned for his expertise in lightweight structures - an approach that is epitomised by the dramatic elegance of his glazed House R128. Here, Sobek explains how his practice has extended a highly specialised focus on ultra-lightweight facades to that of building structures, facade planning, and sustainable and low-energy solutions, interweaving research and innovation with design and consultancy work. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Drawn into Space: Zaha Hadid

Visionary New York architect Lebbeus Woods reviews the evolution of Zaha Hadid's work from the 1970s to the present. Tracking the shifts in her work from a Suprematist-informed fragmentation in the 1980s to a more contemporary fluidity and a preoccupation with complex curvilinearity, he throws light on the relationship between Hadid's drawing and her architecture. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Lighting Up

Through the work of London practice Cinimod Studio, led by Dominic Harris, Valentina Croci explores the potential that lighting design offers for interactive work, whether it is transforming unwelcoming urban spaces or enhancing the public's experience of the city. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Works In/On//Around///Behind Progress

Artist Hilary Powell describes how her work in film, food and the pop-up book offers playful critiques of regeneration and place making. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Patterns in Performance-Orientated Design: An Approach towards Pattern Recognition,Generation and Instrumentalisation

The question of pattern in architecture generally divides architects into two distinct groups: those with an aesthetic interest in man-made ornament; and those who take a deeper interest in the processes that underlie the formation of pattern in the natural world. An investigation of the performative, though, enables an exploration of pattern that arises out of the interaction of man-made interventions with the natural environment. Michael Hensel , Professor for research by Design at AHO, the Oslo School of Architecture and Design, and Achim Menges of the Emtech (Emergent Technologies and Design programme) at the Architectural Association in London, explore this arena based on their research and educational work at the AA and other international institutions, which focuses on aspects of performance in the built environment. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Illuminating Embodiment: Rafael Lozano-Hemmer's Relational Architectures

Art and architecture have a strong tradition of humanism in which man and the human body are the centre and measure of all things. Maria Fernández describes the work of artist Rafael Lozano-Hemmer whose work transgresses and challenges these preconceptions through performance, seeking to expose the body and society's receptivity to instability, fluctuation and re-imagining. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Instinctive Sense of Space and Boundary

Petra Blaisse of Inside Outside describes how the studio focuses on the boundary of interior and exterior space, adding and subtracting highly tactile and sensuous layers. She highlights the significance of the invisible to her work - whether light, scent or texture - and how the future of design will be opening the way to ‘the sheer biology of things’. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Heinz Isler's Infinite Spectrum: Form-Finding in Design

Heinz Isler (1926-2009), the Swiss designer renowned for his shell structures, was extraordinary for his innovative and exacting work. He directly produced physical models by hand in order to not only create design prototypes, but also to generate scaled-up measurements for construction. John Chilton describes how Isler successfully applied the principle of the inverted catenary arch, which was first pioneered by Robert Hooke in Sir Christopher Wren's St Paul's Cathedral in the 17th century, to thin membrane structures in three dimensions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Parallel Indexing: Infrastructure and Space

As governments around the world open the public coffers in an attempt to pull their economies back from collapse, Holger Kehne and Jeff Turko describe how they have extended the work of the Architectural Association Diploma Unit 12 to incorporate the pertinent subject of infrastructure and architecture, employing ‘indexical systems’. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects

The work of the New York-based practice of Tod Williams Billie Tsien Architects is well known for producing lyrical designs that are materially rich and spatially innovative. The terms ‘humanity’ and ‘poetic quality’ have been regularly used in reviewing their numerous residential and institutional projects. The context of an Indian project provides a new opportunity for the finely crafted, tactile architecture the practice is known for. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

谈思想政治工作在公路养管机制转变中的作用

阐述了市场经济给公路养护管理提出的客观要求，介绍了应始终把思想政治工作贯穿于公路养护和管理这个中心，指出思想工作在新形势下必须加强和改进。     

Manipulation and Control of Micro-Organic Matter in Architecture

Steve Pike looks to a future in which architects will work alongside microbiologists and mycologists, in much the same way as they now engage with a team of engineering consultants. He explains how, with the merging of the design studio and laboratory, the manipulation and control of micro-organisms themselves have to take precedence in any successful design and production process. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Solutions You Cannot Draw

For Markus Braach , co-founder of architectural software consultancy Adaptive Architecture, an initial interest in genetic algorithms in the 1990s evolved into working on the generative simulations of historic cities that had developed organically over time, and then on to real urban planning projects with Kees Christiaanse Architects and Planners(KCAP). Here he describes how an emphasis on a purely bottom-up approach, which was characteristic of his earlier work and drew him to the field, has since been replaced in his practice by a greater emphasis on traditional spatial planning and usability.     

Dynamic Light: The Media Facades of realities:united

Valentina Croci reviews the recent work of realities:united, who first came into the spotlight in 2003 with their media facade for the Kunsthaus Graz. She highlights how recent projects, such as the Crystal Mesh for the Iluma Building in Singapore and the exterior of the C4 in Cordoba, Spain, transcend the notion of the digital facade as billboard. Lighting is dynamically applied, in order to enhance the three-dimensional experience of architecture rather than to flatten it. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.