矩阵整流器功率特性研究

首先利用电路dq转换技术,基于电流空间相量算法推导了一种三相AC-DC MC,即矩阵整流器系统的完整dq变换模型,在此基础上进行了较为系统和全面的性能分析,包括功率特性分析,如电压利用率、输出电压极性、输入功率因数、有功功率、无功功率以及视在功率等性能指标,并绘制成图加以比较分析,便于对该变换器性能的认识.分析认为,该变换器是一种柔性的四象限三相AC-DC变换器,其特征为:①输出直流电压在负的最大值到正的最大值之间连续可调,最大值为输入相电压幅值的1.5倍,并依赖于输入电流位移和负载电阻;②功率开关电路部分等效成一个理想的变压器,能够调压和调流,同时能够进行前后级阻抗变换;③输入端有功功率、无功功率和输入功率因数都与输入电流调制度、输入滤波器参数、输入电流位移和负载电阻大小有关;④无功功率的调节能力依赖于有功功率的调节.还分析了单位输入功率因数的运行条件,划分了矩阵整流器四象限工作制及功率特性.     

有源滤波器空间矢量脉宽调制电流跟踪算法的优化

为提高有源滤波器的电流跟踪性能,针对传统空间矢量脉宽调制(SVPWM)电流跟踪算法的不足,提出了一种用于并联有源滤波器的SVPWM电流跟踪算法的优化方法。该跟踪算法利用三相相间误差电流的正负来判断空间指令电压矢量所在的区域。与传统SVPWM电流跟踪算法相比,省略了三相电网电压的检测环节,即省略了判断空间指令电压矢量所在区域的复杂运算,从而简化了硬件电路,同时也简化了算法。针对以三相不可控整流阻感负载为谐波源的电路模型,分别采用传统SVPWM电流跟踪算法和所设计的SVPWM电流跟踪算法作为有源滤波器的电流控制方法,进行了滤除谐波电流的实验。     

A three-phase line-interactive UPS system implementation with series-parallel active power-line conditioning capabilities

This paper presents a three-phase line-interactive uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system with series-parallel active power-line conditioning capabilities, using a synchronous-reference-frame (SRF)-based controller, which allows an effective power-factor correction, load harmonic current suppression, and output voltage regulation. The three-phase UPS system is composed of two active power filter topologies. The first one is a series active power filter, which works as a sinusoidal current source in phase with the input voltage. The other is a parallel active power filter, which works as a sinusoidal voltage source in phase with the input voltage, providing to the load a regulated and sinusoidal voltage with low total harmonic distortion. Operation of a three-phase phase-locked loop structure, used in the proposed line-interactive UPS implementation, is presented and experimentally verified under distorted utility conditions. The control algorithm using the SRF method and the active power flow through the UPS system are described and analytically studied. Design procedures, digital simulations, and experimental results for a prototype are presented to verify the good performance of the proposed three-phase line-interactive UPS system.     

一种新型单相有源电力滤波器

提出了单相有源电力滤波器的一种新的计算方法 ,此方法可以使电源的输入功率因数接近于 1,且能保证即使在电源电压波形发生畸变时 ,能维持电源电流为正弦波。模拟实验证明 ,本文所提出的这种计算方法可以有效地起到补偿无功或抑制非线性负载谐波的作用     

Control of a 3-phase 4-leg active power filter under non-ideal mains voltage condition

In this paper, instantaneous reactive power theory (IRP), also known as p–q theory based a new control algorithm is proposed for 3-phase 4-wire and 4-leg shunt active power filter (APF) to suppress harmonic currents, compensate reactive power and neutral line current and balance the load currents under unbalanced non-linear load and non-ideal mains voltage conditions. The APF is composed from 4-leg voltage source inverter (VSI) with a common DC-link capacitor and hysteresis–band PWM current controller. In order to show validity of the proposed control algorithm, compared conventional p–q and p–q–r theory, four different cases such as ideal and unbalanced and balanced-distorted and unbalanced-distorted mains voltage conditions are considered and then simulated. All simulations are performed by using Matlab-Simulink Power System Blockset. The performance of the 4-leg APF with the proposed control algorithm is found considerably effective and adequate to compensate harmonics, reactive power and neutral current and balance load currents under all non-ideal mains voltage scenarios.     

基于自适应逆控制的并联型有源电力滤波器的仿真研究

首次将自适应逆控制应用于并联型有源电力滤波器的控制,提出了一种新的并联型电力有源滤波器的控制方法.此方法把有源滤波器及主电路部分看作广义有源滤波器并利用其逆模型作为控制器对其进行控制.此控制算法对电路中的参数变化不敏感,不但简单易行,而且比较可靠有效,对理想三相电源电压能够产生较好的补偿效果,当电源电压出现畸变和不平衡时,仍能得到较好的补偿效果.仿真结果证实了所提出算法的可行性.     

电网电压不平衡下燃料电池并网逆变器功率控制

基于参考指令变更的三相并网逆变器功率控制方法,通过调节影响功率波动的参考指令内的谐波分量可以实现逆变器电流质量和功率波动间协调控制,但不能实现三相电压不平衡下负序交流分量的无静差调整。针对此问题,提出了三相电压不平衡下燃料电池三相并网逆变器功率控制方法,构建了燃料电池三相并网逆变器电路拓扑结构。在此基础上采用无锁相环直接功率控制方法,采用全通滤波器对并网逆变器电路中的电压和电流基波分量进行90°相移,消除2倍频的负序交流分量,实现并网逆变器有功功率和无功功率的有效控制。仿真结果证明,所提方法控制的并网逆变器进网电流谐波含量为0.33%,输出电流正弦度较高,电网电压不平衡状态下仍能坚持对电流进行控制。该方法功率控制效果好,具有较强的安全性。     

三相光伏并网逆变器电网高阻抗谐振抑制方法

针对电网电压高阻抗LCL滤波器谐振问题,提出一种虚拟电阻+电容有源阻尼方法。该方法将虚拟电阻和电容串联之后与三相光伏并网逆变器的滤波电容并联。通过滤波电容电压得到虚拟电阻和电容支路的电流,将虚拟电阻和电容支路的电流作为LCL滤波器谐振抑制有源阻尼电流给定。通过逆变侧电流闭环控制,实现对三相光伏并网逆变器电网高阻抗LCL滤波器谐振抑制。建立15 k W的T型三电平三相光伏逆变器平台,对所提有源阻尼方法进行稳态实验,实验结果验证所提方法的可行性和正确性。     

基于系统电流检测的并联有源电力滤波器新型数字控制方法

提出了一种基于系统电流检测的并联有源电力滤波器数字控制方法,应用于以PWM(Pulse Width Modulation)电压源型变流器为主电路结构的并联有源电力滤波器中,对三相三线制系统中非线性负载的谐波和无功电流有理想的补偿效果.该控制方法只需检测系统电流和直流侧电压,无需参考电流,与传统控制方法相比具有检测量少、计算简单等优点.文章给出了理论分析和仿真结果,并以ADMC326(DSP)为控制核心设计了一套三相并联有源滤波器实验装置.仿真和实验结果证明了所提出控制方法的可行性和有效性.     

有源电力滤波器自校正预测控制方法

提出了基于预测控制和空间矢量调制的有源电力滤波器输出补偿电流控制方法.利用外推拉格朗日插值法对有源电力滤波器输出电压进行线性预测,并对其引入校正因子,得出了基于自校正的无差拍指令电压计算模型,以实现对输出补偿电流的闭环无差拍控制;随后在对指令电压进行空间矢量调制过程中简化传统的矢量定位方法,并优化空间矢量的作用时序以降低功率器件的开关损耗.在电网电压不对称且存在畸变条件下的理论分析和仿真结果证明该方法能有效的跟踪指令电流的变化.以此为基础设计一套三相并联型有源电力滤波器,并在10 kV电力系统试运行,实验结果验证了该控制方法的有效性.     

Control strategies for harmonic mitigation and power factor correction using shunt active filter under various source voltage conditions

This paper gives a new insight into the concept of load compensation using shunt active filter (SAF) under ideal and non-ideal source voltage conditions. A novel approach based on an improved instantaneous active and reactive current component method is proposed. The performance of the proposed control strategy has been compared with instantaneous reactive power theory, symmetrical component theory and dq theory. SAF has been realized by three-phase voltage source converter. Reference currents generated by control strategies has been tracked by a SAF in a hysteresis band control scheme. The performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated in terms of reactive power compensation, reduction in magnitude of source currents, compensator currents, and harmonic compensation as per IEEE-519 standard. To ascertain the viability of the proposed control algorithm, the performance is evaluated under different source voltage conditions with the IEEE Standard-1459 power definitions. Variation in magnitude as well as harmonic content of source voltage has been considered. Under balanced sinusoidal source voltage condition, all control strategies congregate to similar results. Under unbalanced sinusoidal source voltage condition, dq theory and proposed theory have shown similar performance. However, under distorted source voltage conditions, an improved instantaneous active and reactive current component theory presents superior performance. A three-phase, three-wire distribution system supplying non-linear load is considered for simulation study. Simulation results from a complete model of SAF are presented to validate and compare the control strategies.     

An efficient a–b–c reference frame-based compensation strategy for three-phase active power filter control

The active power filter has been proved to be an effective method to mitigate harmonic currents generated by nonlinear loads as well as to compensate reactive power. In the implementation of a three-phase active power filter, it is crucial to have a procedure (i.e. the compensation strategy) to generate the reference compensation currents by its control circuit. This paper proposes a simple and efficient a–b–c reference frame-based strategy to determine the reference compensation currents for both three-phase three-wire and three-phase four-wire active power filters. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed compensation strategy yields a simpler design of the control circuit than those obtained by using the conventional instantaneous reactive power theory (i.e. p–q theory). A competitive active filter performance is also achieved.     

On Power Quality of Variable-Speed Constant-Frequency Aircraft Electric Power Systems

In this paper, a comprehensive model of the variable-speed constant-frequency aircraft electric power system is developed to study the performance characteristics of the system and, in particular, the system power quality over a frequency range of operation of 400 Hz to 800 Hz. A fully controlled active power filter is designed to regulate the load terminal voltage, eliminate harmonics, correct supply power factor, and minimize the effect of unbalanced loads. The control algorithm for the active power filter (APF) is based on the perfect harmonic cancellation method which provides a three-phase reference supply current in phase with its positive-sequence fundamental voltage. The proposed APF is integrated into the model of a 90-kVA advanced aircraft electric power system under VSCF operation. The performance characteristics of the system are studied with the frequency of the generator's output voltage varied from 400 Hz to 800 Hz under different loading conditions. Several case studies are presented including dc loads as well as passive and dynamic ac loads. The power quality characteristics of the studied aircraft electric power system with the proposed active filter are shown to be in compliance with the most recent military aircraft electrical standards MIL-STD-704F as well as with the IEEE Std. 519.     

基于载波相移技术的H桥级联高压APF研究

作为高压电力有源滤波器(APF)的预研,采用数字信号处理芯片TMS320F2812为核心搭建了三相H桥级联APF实验样机。以基于瞬时无功功率理论的谐波电流检测算法为基础,对相电流进行分解并进行数学分析,提出一种新的三相谐波及无功电流检测方法,可省去常规谐波及无功电流检测p-q法和ip-iq法中的2次坐标变换,节省控制器计算时间。仿真及实验结果表明实验样机可有效实现谐波补偿。     

有源型电能质量治理设备电网适应性评估方法

工程实践表明复杂电网环境对有源型电能质量治理设备性能的影响不可忽略。对此,提出了有源型电能质量治理设备电网适应性的概念及其评估方法。首先将电网适应性与稳定性、鲁棒性的概念进行对比,得出电网适应性的具体内涵。其次构建了电网适应性评价体系,该体系针对电压偏差、频率偏差、三相不平衡、电压谐波4种典型场景,围绕设备损耗、谐波发射水平、补偿性能、响应时间4个评价指标,基于决策试验和评价（DEMATEL）模型建立的模糊综合评价方法开展评价。最后,以某LCL型有源电力滤波器为例进行性能评估与分析,结果证明了所提方法的有效性。     

基于滑模变结构控制的有源电力滤波器

建立了采用三桥臂变流器为主电路的三相三线制有源电力滤波器的非线性数学模型.针对目前电力电子变换器装置中动态性能差的特点,对有源电力滤波器的电流内环提出一种滑模变结构控制算法,电压外环采用传统的PI控制.试验结果表明,该方法动态响应快、鲁棒性强,具有更好的谐波抑制性能.     

三相四开关并联型有源电力滤波器的SVPWM调制算法

通过对三相四开关并联型有源电力滤波器(TFSAPF)的电路进行分析,考虑TFSAPF只有4个模值不全相等的有效电压空间矢量,不存在零矢量,并考虑到电压空间矢量U1和U3大小相等、方向相反,因此本文将U1和U3同时作用相同的时间以获得等效的零矢量,提出了一种适用于TFSAPF的SVPWM调制算法.相关的仿真与实验结果均证...     

A single-phase three-level pulsewidth modulation AC/DC converter with the function of power factor corrector and active power filter

A single-phase three-level pulsewidth modulation (PWM) AC/DC converter with the function of power factor corrector and active power filter is proposed to reduce harmonic currents flowing into the power system and to draw a nearly sinusoidal current with unity power factor. The circuit topology of the adopted three-level PWM AC/DC converter is based on a conventional two-level full-bridge rectifier and one AC power switch. The control signals of the power switches are derived from the voltage balance compensator, current controller and detected operation region of mains voltage. A three-level PWM voltage pattern on the AC side of the converter in each half cycle of mains frequency is generated. Computer simulations are implemented to confirm the operation of the adopted converter with the function of power factor corrector and active power filter.     

容错型三相四开关有源电力滤波器及其控制策略

有源电力滤波器(APF)多基于三相六开关拓扑,为提高其运行可靠性,提出一种基于元件冗余的三相四开关容错型APF。针对三相六开关APF的故障判别,应用功率器件承受电压变化识别桥路开路故障;研究了基于谐波检测APF补偿算法与控制电源电流跟踪电网电压APF补偿算法的关系,指出容错型APF切换控制中更适合采用电源电流直接跟踪补偿算法;在三相四开关APF数学模型基础上,研究了直流母线中点偏移对三相四开关APF补偿性能的影响,提出一种直流中点电压差值前馈补偿方法。扩展了配置直流侧储能的情况下,容错型APF的有功调节实现方法;设计了APF容错控制切换策略和硬件实现的电流滞环跟踪控制电路,在建立的三相四开关APF平台上,实验验证了所提方法的有效性。     

三相电压波形校正智能控制有源滤波器

为了使电网电压尽可能接近正弦波形,提出了一种通过校正网侧电压波形来减小电网中的谐波电流的智能控制有源滤波技术.智能芯片检测电网电压波形,再与标准正弦电压波形比较求得误差电压,该误差电压中含有电网中谐波电流的波形信息.用这个误差电压形成PWM整流器的指示电流,有源滤波器在智能芯片的控制下从电网吸收谐波电流并向电网输出基波...