Silicon Microtoroidal Resonators With Integrated MEMS Tunable Coupler

A single crystalline silicon microtoroidal resonator with integrated MEMS-actuated tunable optical coupler is demonstrated for the first time. It is fabricated by combining hydrogen annealing and wafer bonding processes. The device operates in all three coupling regimes: under-, critical, and over-coupling. We have also developed a comprehensive model based on time-domain coupling theory. The experimental and theoretical results agree very well. The quality factor (Q) is extracted by fitting the experimental curve with the model. The unloaded Q is as high as 110 000, and the loaded Q is continuously tunable from 110 000 to 5400. The extinction ratio of the transmittance is 22.4 dB. This device can be used as a building block of resonator-based reconfigurable photonic integrated circuits     

Optical modeling of waveguide photonic nanostructures using theradiation spectrum method (RSM) with evanescent modes

In this work, we study the effects of the evanescent modes in the simulation and modeling of optical integrated circuits based on photonic bandgap structures. We show that the contribution of these modes in the energy transfer in structures like the MOEM structures, can not be neglected. The radiation spectrum method, recently developed by the authors for the guided wave devices, is thus extended to account for the evanescent mode propagation. Applying this technique on an air-gap in a suspended waveguide a model of this gap is developed in terms of its parameters. This model is then integrated in an all optical simulator to predict the performance of photonic structures. Such technique enables to design and to optimize the photonic integrated circuits taking the evanescent modes effects into account     

电抗型超导故障限流器对两机系统暂态稳定影响

针对两机系统,提出了在输电线路不同位置发生三相短路故障时,超导故障限流器(SFCL)投入电抗后对暂态稳定性影响的分析方法.基于功角特性曲线分别详细分析了在三相短路故障下电抗型SFCL对暂态稳定的影响情况.通过时接入电抗型SFCL的电力系统进行故障下的暂态稳定时域仿真研究,验证了分析结论.     

CNPDGS在特定长度并联传输线滤波器中的应用

微带线滤波器是射频、微波电路中的重要组成部分.特定长度并联传输线滤波器具有低通和带通滤波特性,但是阻带衰减较小.为了在不增加电路面积的情况下提高并联传输线电路的阻带衰减,使其具有更高的实用价值,本文将一种"哑铃"式组合式非周期性缺陷接地结构应用于特定长度并联传输线滤波器,改善了滤波特性.利用时域有限差分法对微带线构成的特定长度并联传输线滤波器及缺陷接地结构电路进行了仿真,并实际制作了电路.通过实验测量,仿真结果与测量结果一致性较好,基本满足了设计要求.     

弱电网条件下多APF并网交互影响分析

多有源电力滤波器（APF）并入区域配电网时,控制回路间存在复杂的负交互影响,造成APF补偿性能下降,对系统的稳定性产生危害。首先基于诺顿等效电路搭建弱电网条件下多APF并网数学模型,然后结合动态相对增益矩阵（DRGA）原理,提出一种定量分析多APF控制回路间交互影响程度的方法,能够基于不同频率区间分析交互影响程度与控制回路参数及弱电网等效电感间的定量关系。最后利用MATLAB/Simulink平台搭建并网仿真系统模型,时域仿真结果与理论分析一致,验证了该方法的有效性。     

A three-terminal piecewise-linear modelling approach to dc analysis of transistor circuits

The simulation of electronic circuits by computer has become an important part of present-day circuit analysis and design, especially in the area of integrated circuit design. One of the goals in computer simulation of integrated circuits is to have a program ‘package’ for which the input consists of chip fabrication data (mask dimensions, impurity profiles, material data such as carrier lifetimes) and the output displays the complete circuit response. This requires both an efficient modelling approach and a fast circuit analysis method. In this paper a simulation method is described which generates dc responses (in the form of operating points or transfer characteristics) of transistor circuits directly from physical parameter data. The basis of the method is a two-dimensional piecewise-linear approach to the dc modelling of bipolar transistors. The model is directly used in a piecewise-linear circuit analysis program to simulate the dc response of a given circuit.     

弱电网条件下多APF并网交互影响分析

多有源电力滤波器（APF）并入区域配电网时,控制回路间存在复杂的负交互影响,造成APF补偿性能下降,对系统的稳定性产生危害。首先基于诺顿等效电路搭建弱电网条件下多APF并网数学模型,然后结合动态相对增益矩阵（DRGA）原理,提出一种定量分析多APF控制回路间交互影响程度的方法,能够基于不同频率区间分析交互影响程度与控制回路参数及弱电网等效电感间的定量关系。最后利用MATLAB/Simulink平台搭建并网仿真系统模型,时域仿真结果与理论分析一致,验证了该方法的有效性。     

S-matrix oriented CAD-tool for simulating complex integratedoptical circuits

A design tool for simulation of complex integrated optical circuits, based on a professional microwave design system has been developed. Implementation of a number of components is described and a simulation example of an add-drop node using a 4×4 phased array is presented     

基于RLC模型的集成电路互连线串扰估计

本文提出了一个新的基于RLC模型的高速集成电路互连线串扰峰值估计公式,在考虑了电感效应的基础上建立了RLC电路模型,对CMOS电路器件作了线性假设,推导出了当侵略线输入单位斜升信号时的互连串扰时域表达式。计算机仿真结果表明,该公式的结果相对于HSPICE仿真的误差绝对值小于10%,可被应用于集成电路版图综合的布局规划模型中,能够在高速、高密度VLSI的设计阶段预测信号性能。     

Applications of PSPICE simulation software to the study ofoptoelectronic integrated circuits and devices

Software models for Si and GaAs pin photodetectors are described, for use in the simulation of optoelectronic integrated circuits (OEICs). These preliminary models, which include the effects of dark current and lumped internal impedance, are completely integrable with PSPICE software, and may be used to study the operating characteristics of independent devices and cascaded components in complex OEICs. Parametric device dependence on applied bias, doping density, and wavelength of incident light are also established. The simulation of more advanced OEICs can be implemented with the subsequent modeling of other passive and active components, including waveguide modulators and light emitting sources. The use of PSPICE simulation software in the study of optoelectronic devices and circuits described should find wide application in upper division core or elective optical electronic courses and laboratories     

风电并网对电力系统电压稳定的分岔影响

用延拓法对双馈机风电场和异步机风电场分别进行单参数和双参数分岔分析,推导了含有风电场及静止无功补偿器（SVC）情况下的系统潮流计算公式,并设计了追踪二维分岔曲线的方法,用时域仿真法对分岔分析的结果进行验证。通过在不同的风机模型及参数下进行时域仿真得到SVC影响系统分叉点的位置及电压失稳过程,结果表明时间常数越大,系统电压失稳的速度越快;在动态的异步机风电场模型下,等值机的惯性时间常数也影响系统的电压失稳过程,其时间常数越小,电压失稳的速度越快;在双馈机风电场模型下,功率因数不同,系统的传输极限及分岔值不同。     

基于序网等值电路的双馈风电机组接入系统短路电流计算方法

为了方便和准确地计算双馈风电机组(DFIG)接入系统的短路电流分布,提出了投撬棒后DFIG的工频和转频序网等值电路,并给出了利用该等值电路计算系统短路电流的方法。通过求解投撬棒后DFIG磁链的状态微分方程,得到其工频分量和转频分量的解析表达式。在此基础上,将DFIG的电压空间矢量方程按转频和工频分量进行分解,并根据空间矢量与相量间的关系,分别形成了转频和工频序网等值电路。其中,转频正序、负序等值电路分别为带内阻抗的电势和无源阻抗,而工频正序、负序等值电路均为无源阻抗。利用该等值电路只需已知DFIG的电机参数和故障初值条件而无需仿真即可求得DFIG接入系统各处的短路电流。以某DFIG接入系统为例,通过PSCAD仿真验证了该等值电路和短路计算方法在不同故障条件下的有效性。     

Structural analysis of electric circuits and consequences for MNA

The development of integrated circuits requires powerful numerical simulation programs. Naturally, there is no method that treats all the different kinds of circuits successfully. The numerical simulation tools provide reliable results only if the circuit model meets the assumptions that guarantee a successful application of the integration software. Owing to the large dimension of many circuits (about 10⁷ circuit elements) it is often difficult to find the circuit configurations that lead to numerical difficulties. In this paper, we analyse electric circuits with respect to their structural properties in order to give circuit designers some help for fixing modelling problems if the numerical simulation fails. We consider one of the most frequently used modelling techniques, the modified nodal analysis (MNA), and discuss the index of the differential algebraic equations (DAEs) obtained by this kind of modelling. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Computer-aided analysis of power electronic circuits by stepwise topological identification

A new approach for the time-domain simulation of power electronic circuits is developed. The methodology is based on stepwise identification of circuit topology. The simulation process automatically looks for a valid topology in every step. At each simulation instant, the circuit topology is transformed into a resistive network, giving another superior feature of this method: the avoidance of solving complicated s-domain or differential formulas. No small-signal approximation is assumed. Parasitic resistance of the reactive element is included in the circuit model. Several examples illustrating the generality and computational efficiency of this new method are presented. The simulated results are favourably verified with experimental measurements and available literature. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

基于MHHO-BP算法的DC-DC电路软故障诊断

针对DC-DC电路软故障诊断中特征提取困难和分类准确率低的问题,提出了一种基于多策略改进哈里斯优化算法-反向传播MHHO-BP)神经网络的故障诊断方法。该方法通过VMD对故障信号进行处理,提取其时域和频域特征作为故障向量,采用MHHO算法优化BP神经网络的权值和阈值,建立DC-DC电路的VMD-MHHO-BP软故障诊断模型。实验结果表明,对于DC-DC电路软故障,该方法相较于鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)和蝴蝶优化算法(BOA)优化BP神经网络,其诊断效果好,准确率高。     

On the use of silicon photonics--Part II

Part I of this article (including Figs. 1?6) ran in the January/February 2009 issue of IEEE Potentials. With optical input and output devices integrated on chip, chips could be tested in a contactless manner using an easy optical test setup. The contactless optical testing approach can address many challenges associated with increases in the number of physical test probes required to test increasingly complex integrated circuits (ICs).     

A software tool for learning the dynamic behavior of powerelectronics circuits

A new software tool for learning the dynamic behavior of power electronics circuits is developed for undergraduate students. This tool incorporates the merits of two well-known software packages, namely, the realistic time-domain simulation of PSpice and the parametric identification process of MatLab. Hence, without going through complicated mathematics, the students can easily obtain the transient response, transfer function, and frequency response of power electronics circuits. The software tool is exemplified using a buck DC-DC converter. Its accuracy is verified by comparing the simulation result with those obtained by the state-space averaging technique and the experimental measurement     

Design of plasmonic half-adder and half-subtractor circuits employing nonlinear effect in Mach–Zehnder interferometer

Plasmonic metal–insulator–metal (MIM) waveguides have the unique attribute of propagating surface plasmons beyond the diffraction limit. In this paper, basic designs for half-adder and half-subtractor circuits are proposed based on the nonlinear effect in Mach–Zehnder interferometers designed using plasmonic MIM waveguides. The proposed devices are studied in the third optical communications window with transverse magnetic polarization. The designs are verified by the finite-difference time-domain technique with the help of MATLAB simulations.     

不对称短路时电抗型故障限流器对暂态稳定性的影响

针对单机对无穷大系统,提出了在输电线路不同位置发生不对称短路故障时,故障限流器(FCL)投入电抗后对暂态稳定性影响的分析方法.基于功角特性曲线分别详细分析了在单相接地短路、两相接地短路和两相短路故障下电抗型FCL对暂态稳定的影响情况.通过对接入电抗型FCL的电力系统进行不同类型故障下的暂态稳定时域仿真研究,验证了分析结论.     

Hybrid integration of smart pixels by using polyimide bonding:demonstration of a GaAs p-i-n photodiode/CMOS receiver

The fabrication procedure of smart pixels based on a hybrid integration of compound semiconductor photonic devices with silicon CMOS circuits is described. According to the 0.8-μm design rule, CMOS receiver/transmitter circuits are designed for use in vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL)-based smart pixels, and 16×16 and 2×2 Banyan-switch smart-pixel chips are also designed. By using our polyimide bonding technique, we integrated GaAs pin-photodiodes hybridly on the CMOS circuits. The photodetector (PD)/CMOS hybrid receiver operated error free at up to 800 Mb/s. Successful optical/optical (O/O) operation (a bit rate up to 311 Mbit/s) of the 2×2 Banyan-switch smart-pixel chip implemented with another VCSEL chip is also demonstrated