双幅数字图象加密的实值编码研究

本文提出了一种双幅数字图象加密的实值编码方法,待加密的两幅数字图象扩大一倍,然后后与一个随机相位掩膜一起通过光学透镜作傅立叶变换,取其实部作为编码图象.利用全息记录的方法解码,即已编码的图象和随机相位掩膜的傅立叶变换相加通过光学透镜作傅立叶反变换,记录反变换的光强分布,再通过非线性变换或灰度变换的方法町以恢复原图象.该加密编码方法简单,町以同时对两幅图象编码,而且得到实值的编码图象,便于数字图象的记录、存储与输出.     

随机偏振光学加密算法的加密及解密特性分析

为了阐明随机偏振模板在光学加密系统中的作用,采用理论分析与数值模拟相结合的方法,进行了在双随机偏振光学加密系统中偏振模板的特性参量对系统加密效果及解密误差的影响的理论和仿真分析;对比了随机相位模板和随机偏振模板对光学加密系统加密效果及解密误差的不同影响。结果表明,加密方面,采用随机偏振模板或随机相位模板均能生成平稳白噪声分布的密文,但是偏振模板有两个构造参量,密钥空间更大;解密方面,系统对相位模板以及偏振模板中不同参量的解密敏感性有一定差异,随机偏振加密具有更高的应用灵活性。该结果对理解相位及偏振编码光学加密系统的本质属性及设计安全性更高的光学加密系统有一定的帮助。     

纯相位图象的实值编码

一种用于纯相位图象加密的实值编码方法 ,待编码的纯相位图象与一个随机相位掩膜一起作傅立叶变换 ,取其实部作为编码图象。已编码的图象和随机相位掩膜的傅立叶变换相加作傅立叶反变换 ,记录反变换的光强分布 ,再通过图象灰度变换可以恢复图象。该编译码方法简单 ,编码图象是一个实值图象 ,便于计算机打印或显示输出     

基于干涉原理和相位恢复算法的图像加密系统

以基于相位恢复算法和光学干涉原理为基本理论依据,提出了一种新的全相位光学图像加密系统。该加密系统利用一块随机相位板作为加密密钥,在其作用下输入图像被数值加密成两块相位板。这两块相位板的衍射图样视觉上无法分辨其内容,但却包含了解密所需要的信息。加密过程中,加密密钥与待加密图像分别作为输入平面和输出平面上的约束条件,在干涉原理的基础上通过迭代运算得到加密结果,即输入面上不同于加密密钥的另一个相位板的相位分布以及傅立叶频域上的相位分布。加密密钥的引入起到了置乱系统输入面相位分布的作用。解密过程中,加密过程中使用的随机相位板和迭代过程中生成的两块相位板缺一不可。计算机仿真实验结果表明,本文提出的加密系统具有算法收敛快、加密结果不存在非线性双随机相位加密和干涉加密方法中发现的信息泄露问题的优点。     

双生物识别图象的光学加密方法研究

本文提出了一种将两幅生物识别图象通过一套光学系统进行同时加密的方法。该方法先将一幅图象转换为纯相位和进行纯相位编码,再对另一幅图象编码,然后经过4f光学系统作频率域纯相位编码,并利用与编码过程类似的方法进行解码。可以证明该方法的编码图象为恒定的白噪声。解码过程具有鲁棒性,相位部分图象加密的安全性要高于振幅部分图象的加密。并分析了加性高斯噪声对解码图象的影响     

用菲涅耳变换和相位密码板实现盲数字水印

基于菲涅耳衍射变换和相位密码板,结合离散小波变换,设计了一种新的盲数字水印算法.通过提取相位母板的离散菲涅耳衍射变换的相角而获得相位密码板,原始水印图像经离散菲涅耳变换和相位密码板的共同作用形成水印密文,将水印密文嵌入到原始宿主图像的离散小波变换系数矩阵中,再对叠加水印信息的像素用其最邻近的像素均值来替换,从而获得一种新的盲数字水印提取法.数值计算结果表明:该水印算法对JPEG有损压缩、剪切、噪声污染和重采样等攻击具有较强的鲁棒性.由于该算法的密钥空间很大而密钥数据量却不高,所以采用本算法既能灵活选择加密密钥(相位密码母板、衍射距离等),又能确保高安全性,具有很高的实用价值.     

光学图像相位加密中旋转不变性的实现及环形相位解密

计算机模拟研究了光学图像频域相位加密和解密过程 ,用混沌序列构造相位值并采用环形相位分布 ,不仅可以压缩密匙的数据量方便保存和传输 ,而且使加密图像具有中心旋转不变性从而避免解密中对加密图像方向自由度的要求 ,同时能使解密过程具有一定高低通滤波作用实现滤除噪声或边缘增强。在此加密方法中 ,解密的关键是加密图像频域中低频分量的解调 ,高频分量对解密质量和解密图像信噪比虽有影响但比低频分量的影响作用小。     

基于差异混合掩码与混沌Gyrator变换的光学图像加密算法

为了提高光学加密技术的抗选择明文攻击能力与未知攻击下的解密质量,该文设计了基于差异混合掩码与混沌Gyrator变换的光学图像加密算法。将输入明文转换成相应的快速响应码;考虑明文特性,根据Logistic映射,生成一个混沌相位掩码;同时,联合径向希尔伯特与波带片相位函数,将其与混沌相位掩码融合,构建了混合相位掩码;随后,利用明文图像迭代Logistic映射所输出的随机序列来计算Gyrator变换的旋转角度,结合混合相位掩码,对快速响应码进行调制,形成Gyrator频谱;引入等量分解技术,将Gyrator频谱分割为两个分量,并设置不同的阶数,形成两个差异螺旋相位掩码;利用奇异值分解(SVD)方法,将其中一个Gyrator频谱分量进行处理,并联合两个差异螺旋相位掩码,分别对其相应的正交矩阵进行编码;最后,通过组合编码后的正交矩阵与对角矩阵,基于可逆SVD技术,输出加密密文。理论分析了所提算法抵抗明文攻击和裁剪攻击的能力,以及加密结果针对密钥变化的敏感性水平。实验结果验证了所提算法拥有良好的安全性能。     

一种基于m序列的图像随机加密与实时传输方案

提出了一种基于m序列的图像随机加密与实时传输方案。在加密时用m序列构造的相位函数取代了双相位输码方法中用作密钥的随机相位掩模，极大地压缩了密钥的数据量，使密钥的传送更加方便快捷。并在前有基础上加以改进，可以轻松地加密彩色图像。在完成加密后，可实时地在网络上传送加密图像，在接收端进行解密。最后进行了计算机模拟实验，实验结果表明该方案是可行的，并且易于实际应用。     

An identity attribute–based encryption using elliptic curve digital signature for patient health record maintenance

Providing security to the data that stored in personal health record (PHR) is an emerging and critical task in recent years. For this purpose, some of the encryption and key generation techniques are developed in the traditional works. But it has the drawbacks such as lacks in access control policies, reduced security, and ineffective. So this work implemented the efficient techniques, namely, elliptic curve Diffie‐Hellman for the secret key generation and identity attribute–based encryption for improving the security of the cloud data. Initially, the cloud user can request the patient's data to the PHR admin, and then they can generate the secret by using the elliptic curve Diffie‐Hellman algorithm. The key that used for encryption and decryption is generated by using the identity attribute–based encryption technique. Then, the access control is provided to the users based on their roles. The requested data are encrypted by applying the advanced encryption standard technique. After that, the elliptic curve digital signature algorithm is used to generate the digital signature for the encrypted data. Furthermore, it is verified with the user's digital signature; if it matches, the data can be accessed by the user with the help of advanced encryption standard decryption mechanism. Finally, the authenticated user can able to access the patient's data from PHR. In experiments, the performance of the proposed encryption and key generation technique is evaluated and compared with the existing techniques for proving the effectiveness of the implemented system.     

用于一种反取证目的的可伪装对称加密方案

In this paper, we propose a new notion of secure disguisable symmetric encryption schemes, which captures the idea that the attacker can decrypt an encrypted file to different meaningful values when different keys are put to the decryption algorithm. This notion is aimed for the following anti-forensics purpose: the attacker can cheat the forensics investigator by decrypting an encrypted file to a meaningful file other than that one he encrypted, in the case that he is caught by the forensics investigator and ordered to hand over the key for decryption. We then present a construction of secure disguisable symmetric encryption schemes.     

一种新的信息加-解密技术的研究

研制了一个新的信息安全加密解密系统。该系统采用迭代傅立叶算法对全息图加密进行优化,使用纯相位元件作为解密密解,通过在简单的光学装置中叠加加密全息图和解密密钥实现光学解密。数值仿真和光学试验表明这种技术是光学解密的一种简单易行的方法。试验系统的简单构成展示了该技术在信息安全认证方面的潜在应用价值,有利于在不可见的元件上作信息解码,计算机仿真展产了该技术的有效性。     

基于计算全息的菲涅尔双随机相位加密技术

基于傅里叶计算全息技术,结合菲涅尔双随机相位加密系统,提出了一种数字图像加密方法。该方法以傅里叶计算全息图记录菲涅尔衍射双随机相位加密图像,傅里叶计算全息加密图像隐藏了原图像大小尺度信息,而且再现多个图像,必须针对加密图像共轭方可解密,提高了图像加密的安全性,并且解决了普通方法加密图像难存储的问题,作为原始明文的拥有者,两个随机相位板,应用波长,两次菲涅尔衍射的距离都可作为解密密钥。     

一种AES密码算法的硬件实现

介绍了一种适用于较小面积应用场合AES密码算法的实现方案。结合该算法的特点,在常规轮变换中提出一种加/解密列混合变换集成化的硬件结构设计,通过选择使用同一个模块,可以实现加密和解密中的线性变换,既整合了部分加/解密硬件结构,又节约了大量的硬件资源。仿真与综合结果表明,加/解密运算模块面积不超过25000个等效门,有效地减小了硬件实现面积,同时该设计方案也满足实际应用性能的需求。     

Efficient reversible data hiding in encrypted images

This paper proposes a novel scheme of reversible data hiding in encrypted images based on lossless compression of encrypted data. In encryption phase, a stream cipher is used to mask the original content. Then, a data hider compresses a part of encrypted data in the cipher-text image using LDPC code, and inserts the compressed data as well as the additional data into the part of encrypted data itself using efficient embedding method. Since the majority of encrypted data are kept unchanged, the quality of directly decrypted image is satisfactory. A receiver with the data-hiding key can successfully extract the additional data and the compressed data. By exploiting the compressed data and the side information provided by the unchanged data, the receiver can further recover the original plaintext image without any error. Experimental result shows that the proposed scheme significantly outperforms the previous approaches.     

一种无线语音混沌保密通信系统的设计与实现

为了实现对混沌加密语音信号的无线传输和解密回放,在由DSP芯片TMS320VC5509A、无线射频芯片nRF24L01和音频编解码芯片TLV320AIC23构成的系统硬件平台上,采用Euler算法对连续Lorenz混沌系统进行离散化处理,产生出用于加密和解密的混沌数字序列。对加密后的语音信号进行了无线传输的实验,接收端能够将收到的加密语音信号解密回放,实现了语音信号的无线混沌保密通信。     

基于整数的多对一全同态加密方案

全同态加密是在不解密密文的情况下直接对密文进行操作。现有的基于整数的全同态加密方案是针对两个参与者“一方加密,一方解密”(一对一)设计的,计算效率普遍低,明文空间小,不能应用于大数据、云计算等环境。为此,该文提出一种“多方加密,一方解密”(多对一)的全同态加密方案,该方案在保证安全性的基础上简化密钥生成过程,并在全同态运算过程中给出能够正确解密的加密方个数的具体范围。同时,在随机预言机模型下,基于近似最大公因子问题证明了方案的安全性。数值结果表明,该方案与已有方案相比不仅扩展了数据传输量,而且提高了效率。模拟实验表明,该方案在整数范围内具有可行性,满足用户对系统响应的需求,最后将明文空间扩展为3 bit,并与1 bit的方案做出了实验上的对比分析。     

球面波照明下傅里叶变换全息多图像加密方法研究

为了减少加密系统所用模板数,简化隐藏图像对解密过程的影响,采用球面波照明研究了基于傅里叶变换全息的多图像加密隐藏方法,并进行了加密、加密图像隐藏和解密的理论分析和数值模拟,加密图像和原始图像间的相关系数趋于0,宿主图像和加密图像的叠加系数0.3时,宿主图像和隐藏图像的相关系数趋于1,解密图像和原始图像间的相关系数趋于1。结果表明,该加密隐藏方法的加密、解密和隐藏效果良好。     

Visual Cryptography Based on an Interferometric Encryption Technique

This paper presents a new method for a visual cryptography scheme that uses phase masks and an interferometer. To encrypt a binary image, we divided it into an arbitrary number of slides and encrypted them using an XOR process with a random key or keys. The phase mask for each encrypted image was fabricated under the proposed phase‐assignment rule. For decryption, phase masks were placed on any path of the Mach‐Zehnder interferometer. Through optical experiments, we confirmed that a secret binary image that was sliced could be recovered by the proposed method.     

Partial encryption of compressed images and videos

The increased popularity of multimedia applications places a great demand on efficient data storage and transmission techniques. Network communication, especially over a wireless network, can easily be intercepted and must be protected from eavesdroppers. Unfortunately, encryption and decryption are slow, and it is often difficult, if not impossible, to carry out real-time secure image and video communication and processing. Methods have been proposed to combine compression and encryption together to reduce the overall processing time, but they are either insecure or too computationally intensive. We propose a novel solution called partial encryption, in which a secure encryption algorithm is used to encrypt only part of the compressed data. Partial encryption is applied to several image and video compression algorithms in this paper. Only 13-27% of the output from quadtree compression algorithms is encrypted for typical images, and less than 2% is encrypted for 512×512 images compressed by the set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) algorithm. The results are similar for video compression, resulting in a significant reduction in encryption and decryption time. The proposed partial encryption schemes are fast, secure, and do not reduce the compression performance of the underlying compression algorithm