一种压缩感知电力线信道估计机制

通过分析电力线信道传输特性,建立相应的数学模型,研究了电力线信道的多径特性,并结合一种新颖的压缩感知处理技术,提出了一种基于压缩感知的电力线信道估计方法。通过分析研究电力线信道传输特征,利用其稀疏性,只需采集、提取、存储少量的噪声与信道特征有效参数,大大降低了数字信号处理模块的数据处理量,降低了对存储硬件的要求与硬件成本。     

基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的电力线载波通信接收机设计

针对多径信道和脉冲噪声对电力线载波通信系统性能影响的问题,提出了一种能有效对抗多径信道和脉冲噪声影响的电力线通信系统接收机设计方案.该方案将时域上的电力线信道参数和脉冲噪声联合视作稀疏向量,然后利用稀疏贝叶斯理论联合估计电力线信道和脉冲噪声,从而在接收端得以去除脉冲噪声及补偿信道增益.仿真结果表明,与传统将信道估计与脉冲噪声抑制单独考虑的传统接收机相比,本文提出的接收机方案在误符号率和误比特率等性能指标上有较好的提升.     

基于稀疏贝叶斯学习的MIMO-OFDM电力线通信系统接收机设计

丰富的脉冲噪声干扰对基于MIMO-OFDM技术的电力线通信系统接收机设计带来了巨大挑战。针对这个问题,提出了一种联合估计电力线信道和脉冲噪声的接收机设计方案。该方案主要利用电力信道多径模型参数在频域上的稀疏性和脉冲噪声在时域上的稀疏性特征,将待估计信道模型参数和脉冲噪声联合视作一个稀疏向量,同时利用MIMO系统的空间相关性,构建了一个基于多测量向量的压缩感知模型,并引入多测量向量稀疏贝叶斯学习理论,设计了一种联合估计MIMO信道模型参数和脉冲噪声的方法。仿真结果表明,与传统的MIMO信道估计与脉冲噪声抑制相互分离的接收机方案相比,新方法在估计性能和误比特率性能上有明显提升。     

Performance Evaluation for Medium Voltage MIMO-OFDM Power Line Communication System

Power line communication(PLC)provides intelligent electrical functions such as power quality measurement,fault surveys,and remote control of electrical network.Most of research works have been done in low voltage(LV)scenario due to the fast development of in-home PLC.The aim of this paper is to evaluate the link-level performance of a medium voltage(MV)MIMO-OFDM communication system based on transmission link under underground power line channel.The MIMO channel is modeled as a modified multipath model in the presence of impulsive noise and background noise.We first perform a measurement on the practical MV MIMO channel parameters for a section of buried cable of 1 km long in Ganzhou city,Jiangxi province,China.Based on the measured channel,we design the frame structure based on an IEEE standard for broadband over power line networks[1]to support MV MIMO-OFDM transmission.According to designed frame structure,we design an encoder and a decoder for a dual binary tail-biting turbo code and optimize some key decoder parameters for low bit error rate performance.Finally,the link-level performance for both spatial multiplexing and spatial diversity are evaluated.Numeral results show that MV MIMO-OFDM is a promising approach to provide both high data rate and link reliability for PLC.     

一种多径电力线信道下的主路径定时同步算法

分析了多径电力线信道特性,针对电力线通信信道中第一主路径非能量最强路径的定时同步问题,通过仿真分析信噪比与门限选择的关系,拟合了最优的第一主路径门限曲线,并提出了一种在多径电力线信道下寻找第一主路径的自适应定时同步门限选择方法,利用接发端前导信号互相关判决函数的峰均比关系自适应选择门限,用于解决电力线恶劣的信道环境下第一主路径非能量最强路径的情况下寻找第一主路径的问题。仿真表明,该方法同步性能明显优于固定阈值且接近于最优阈值的判决方法,相比固定门限有1 dB的提升。     

短波窄带OFDM调制解调器设计与实现

在技术和参数上设计实现了应急通信系统中短波窄带正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiplexing,OFDM)调制解调器。依据短波多径信道传输特性和应急通信分组突发传输的特点,研究了适合系统传输的延时相关帧检测、载波频率同步、符号定时同步和信道估计等算法。在3 kHz话音带宽上按照系统速率要求研究设计了短波OFDM调制解调技术参数和技术方案,分析了接收信号帧检测和符号定时同步响应,仿真实现了多径信道下短波窄带数据的高速传输。     

Performance analysis of a variable‐gain amplify‐and‐forward relayed mixed RF‐FSO system

In this work, an amplify‐and‐forward variable‐gain relayed mixed RF‐FSO system is studied. The considered dual‐hop system consists of a radio frequency (RF) link followed by a free space optical (FSO) channel. The RF link is affected by short‐term multipath fading and long‐term shadowing effects and is assumed to follow the generalized‐K fading distribution that approximates accurately several important distributions often used to model communication channels. The FSO channel experiences fading caused by atmospheric turbulence that is modeled by the gamma‐gamma distribution characterizing moderate and strong turbulence conditions. The FSO channel also suffers path loss and pointing error induced misalignment fading. The performance of the considered system is analyzed under the collective influence of distribution shaping parameters, pointing errors that result in misalignment fading, atmospheric turbulence, and path loss. The moment‐generating function of the Signal power to noise power ratio measured end‐to‐end for this system is derived. The cumulative distribution function for the Signal power to noise power ratio present between the source and destination receiver is also evaluated. Further, we investigate the error and outage performance and the average channel capacity for this system. The analytical expressions in closed form for the outage probability, symbol and bit error rate considering different modulation schemes and channel capacity are also derived. The mathematical expressions obtained are also demonstrated by numerical plots.     

低压电力线双路扩谱通信系统

由于低压电力线的信道特性异常恶劣,为了利用低压电力线实现可靠通信,把数字载波调制与扩谱技术等现代通信技术应用于低压电力线通信,提出了数字载波调制与直序列扩谱(DS)相结合的低压电力线通信模式,建立了低压电力线的MSK双路扩谱通信系统模型;基于该模型,研制了低压电力线的MSK双路扩谱通信电路系统。实验结果表明：该系统不仅满足了电力线通信信道有效带宽窄的特点,实现了较好的频谱利用率,而且具有较强的抗干扰能力。因此,该低压电力线扩谱通信系统能较好地抑制低压电力线通信信道的干扰,提高了通信的可靠性,可广泛应用于低压电力线通信领域。     

Performance of Multiple-Access DCSK Communication over a Multipath Fading Channel with Delay Spread

The bit error rate (BER) performances of variant delay multiple-access differential chaos-shift keying (VDMA-DCSK) communication systems over a multipath fading channel with delay spread are investigated. The BER formula of the VDMA-DCSK over the fading channel is evaluated. A two-ray Rayleigh fading channel model is used to simulate the VDMA-DCSK system. The theoretical and simulation results are presented and they match each other, which supports the theoretical analysis. The multipath performance of the VDMA-DCSK is compared with that of a benchmark coherent MA-CSK system and with that of an invariant delay MA-DCSK system. The results show that in the multipath fading channel with delay spread environment the VDMA-DCSK system performance decreases least.     

基于电力线信道的一类OFDM盲同步算法的改进

针对电力线通信中多普勒频移为零以及具有一定拓扑结构的电力线信道中由多径反射所产生的时延扩展较移动信道而言相对稳定的特点,这里在最大似然（ML）类算法的基础上,实现了基于电力线信道的改进的正交频分复用技术（OFDM）同步算法。该方法有效的弥补了ML类算法不适合具有多径效应的电力线信道的不足。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该算法在电力线信道中具有良好的定时估计和频率偏移估计性能,而且计算量减少。     

Multipath effects and adaptive transmission in presence of indoor power line background noise

The paper studies the background noise characteristics of a typical indoor power line (PL) in India. The noise decreases rapidly with frequency and can be considered as white beyond 5 MHz. The time variation of the background noise at every frequency in the non‐white region is modeled and compared in different environments which include laboratory and factory setups. In all cases, the background noise can be modeled by density functions related to multipath fading i.e. Nakagami‐m, Rayleigh and Rician. Fading is worse than the Rayleigh fading when the PL network has more connected loads and impedance discontinuities. Single frequency noise shows Rician fading when the background noise is narrowband Gaussian. The results are compared with those obtained in other countries in an attempt to check the validity of the model worldwide. A PL channel noise simulator is developed using the density functions to simulate the background noise. A technique is proposed that adapts the carrier frequency according to the channel property at a particular instant. The performance of such a system is tested in a simulated environment and shows that the method enables transmission of signals at very low transmission power compared with that in the AWGN channel. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The ultra-wide bandwidth indoor channel: from statistical model to simulations

We establish a statistical model for the ultra-wide bandwidth (UWB) indoor channel based on an extensive measurement campaign in a typical modern office building with 2-ns delay resolution. The approach is based on the investigation of the statistical properties of the multipath profiles measured in different rooms over a finely spaced measurement grid. The analysis leads to the formulation of a stochastic tapped-delay-line (STDL) model of the UWB indoor channel. The averaged power delay profile can be well-modeled by a single exponential decay with a statistically distributed decay constant. The small-scale statistics of path energy gains follow Gamma distributions whose parameters m are truncated Gaussian variables with mean values and standard deviations decreasing with delay. The total received energy experiences a lognormal shadowing around the mean energy given by the path-loss power law. We also find that the correlation between multipath components is negligible. Finally, we propose an implementation of the STDL model and give a comparison between the experimental data and the simulation results.     

A low complexity pilot aided channel estimation method for WCDMA communication systems

This letter deals with the performance evaluation of a pilot aided method for estimating channel parameters in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication systems. Unlike previous approaches, a successive interference cancellation algorithm is used to reduce multipath and multiuser interference caused by pilot signal replicas on the channel parameter estimation, and on the detection of the information bearing signals. Comparisons with the ideal case of perfect knowledge of the channel parameters and the classical channel parameter estimation algorithm have highlighted the good performance of the proposed approach.     

UHF频段卫星移动信道建模与仿真

分析了UHF频段卫星移动信道衰落特性,分析了4种典型场景下多径分量的多普勒功率谱和多径时延功率谱。利用WSSUS模型,结合电离层闪烁和阴影效应的程度,分别建立了4种场景下的信道模型。根据理论计算和参考文献分析了不同场景下信道的参数,对卫星移动信道模型进行了仿真,并给出了不同场景的误码率性能曲线。仿真结果表明,该信道模型能够真实反映UHF卫星移动信道的特性,对于卫星移动通信系统关键技术的研究具有指导意义。     

基于OFDM低压电力线通信的信道估计算法研究

根据工作实验的分析,对低压电力线通信信道模型和信道特性进行了详尽的阐述,对当前应用广泛的几种低压电力线通信信道模型进行了介绍,详细分析了几种基于OFDM低压电力线通信的信道估计算法。同时对多种算法实施比较,分析总结出各自的优缺点,最终得出一种不仅运算量小,而且对信道的利用率很高、实现十分容易的算法。即:基于慢时变信道特性的LMS自适应信道估计算法在信道突变衰减中具有非常高的稳定度特性,非常适合在低压电力线信道中应用。     

移动无线信道脉冲响应的计算机模拟

根据移动通信多径传播的一般化模型,模拟产生了移动无线信道的复值脉冲响应函数,模拟结果自然地反映了信道的衰落相关性,通过调整四个参数,可描述瑞利、Rice或其它形式的衰落信道,利用模拟结果分折数字通信中由于多径衰落引起的突发误码分布已取得成效。     

Wireless communication systems with-spatial diversity: a volumetric model

This paper presents a novel physical-modeling approach to wireless systems with multiple antennas. The fundamental problem of modeling the communication channel is studied, where the channel consists of a finite spatial volume for transmitting, a finite spatial volume for reception, and an arbitrary set of reflective-scattering bodies. The number of communication modes (or degrees of freedom) for such a system is calculated, using the procedure developed. We present a simple model for multipath channels, which allows insight into the development of a correlated multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel model. In particular, the model is independent of transmitter and receiver elements and relies on the physical parameters of the channel involved. Our work explains which physical parameters determine the channel model and its channel capacity.     

OFDM、扩频通信在电力线通信中的应用

介绍了一种基于统计方法得出的低压电力线载波信道模型 ,分析了OFDM技术和扩频通信技术各自对于低压电力线通信的优缺点     

小仰角下移动卫星通信性能的改善及仿真

移动卫星通信系统为功率受限系统,相对地面移动通信而言,其链路余量较小,而且由于多径及遮蔽效应,当系统工作在小仰角时,其信号衰落可达到30dB,这对系统的设计提出了严峻的挑战。本文研究了信道编码和交织技术在移动卫星通信系统中的应用。通过仿真,得到了应用该技术对不同仰角特别是小仰角条件下系统性能的改善程度。同时,在研究信道相关的基础上,给出了交织相关参数的设计准则。     

多径分量噪声干扰下无线电扩频通信优化技术

无线电扩频通信受到多径分量噪声的干扰,导致通信信道均衡性不好,抗干扰能力不强,误码率较高。需要进行噪声干扰抑制,改善无线电扩频通信质量。提出一种基于自适应级联陷波和码间干扰抑制的无线电扩频通信优化技术。构建无线电扩频通信系统传输结构模型,采用自适应陷波器对无线电扩频通信中的多径分量噪声进行有效抑制,降低了进入信号通频带内的干扰功率,提高解调器的输出信噪比和信干比。采用扩展后的序列去调制载波,将信号搬移到载频上,实现信道均衡,提高抗干扰能力。仿真结果表明,该算法能有效降低无线电扩频通信的误比特率,抗干扰性较强,提高通信质量。