A Novel Algorithm for Simple Hybrid of Adaptive Array and Equalizer

Adaptive array has been used for canceling the interference in communication. When the array cannot suppress all the interference, an equalizer following the array can add to further enhance the capability of canceling the inter-symbol interference (ISI). The adaptive array and equalizer (AE) will suffer the problems of insufficient degrees of freedom and main-beam multi-path ISI. The hybrid of adaptive array and equalizer (HAE) uses a modified training sequence to adjust the weights of adaptive array that leads the array to cancel only the co-channel interference (CCI). The ISI are removed by the equalizer following the array. Thus, the HAE can combat the above problems successfully. Though the HAE improves the performance of AE, a transversal filter is added to generate the modified training sequence. Besides, the weights of equalizer in the HAE, which adjust after the weights of adaptive array, will make the convergent rate slowly. A simple hybrid of adaptive array and equalizer (SHAE) utilizes the output signal of system to adjust the weights of both the adaptive array and equalizer simultaneously. Therefore, the convergent rate of the HAE can improve by the SHAE. Moreover, the ISI can be suppressed by the equalizer instead of the adaptive array in the SHAE that will improve the performance of AE without using the transversal filter. As the mutual coupling present, the convergent rate of the SHAE will slow down. In this paper, a least mean square error algorithm with mutual coupling present is proposed to improve the convergent rate of SHAE, also.     

基于组合代价函数的双模式盲均衡新算法

以常数模和判决引导准则设计的双模式盲均衡算法可显著提高均衡性能,目前已有双模式盲均衡算法均需设置切换参数且切换参数选择和设定缺乏理论依据.为解决双模式盲均衡算法中切换参数难以确定的问题,提出来一种组合代价函数的双模式盲均衡新算法.利用常数模和判决引导准则通过加权设计代价函数,在盲均衡器更新过程中自适应调节权值实现算法由常数模算法向判决引导算法的切换,避免了在双模式算法中设计切换参数,提高了算法的泛化性能.为克服常数模算法相位盲的缺点,在虚实分开改进的常数模算法基础上优化组合代价函数以及盲均衡器更新算法的设计,进一步提高了算法收敛性能.仿真结果证明,组合代价函数双模式盲均衡新算法可充分发挥常数模算法和判决引导算法的优点,具有更快的收敛速度和更小的稳态剩余误差.     

一种稳健的多径估计和抑制算法

针对通信系统中多径干扰难以估计和抑制的问题,提出了一种地面采用智能天线自适应跟踪的方法。以均匀直线阵为基础,采用前后向空间平滑算法对阵列接收相干信号进行预相干处理,再利用MUSIC(Multiple Signal Classification)算法实现信号来波方向(Direction of Arrival,DOA)估计,应用一种新的对角加载稳健波束形成技术减小主峰偏移,实现多径干扰抑制。仿真分析验证了所提算法的正确性和有效性,系统具有良好的稳健性,具有较高的工程实践价值。     

A novel hybrid of adaptive array and equalizer for mobilecommunications

The combination of the adaptive array and equalizer (AE) has been developed for suppressing the cochannel interference and the intersymbol interference (ISI) in mobile communications. In this paper, a novel hybrid of the adaptive array and equalizer (NHAE) system is proposed to combat the problems of insufficient degrees of freedom and mainbeam multipath interferers. The NHAE utilizes a modified training sequence to adjust the weight vector of the array that leads the array to cancel only the cochannel interferers. The ISI which is caused by the multipath interferers and the transmission system is removed by the equalizer following the array. Therefore, the array in the NHAE may need a fewer number of the elements than the conventional array which cancels both the cochannel interferers and multipath interferers. Besides, the presence of the mainbeam multipath interferers, which may seriously degrade the performance of the AE, has much less effect on the NHAE since it is suppressed by the equalizer instead of by the array. Simulation results are presented to demonstrate the merits of the NHAE     

Nonsingular Constant Modulus Equalizer for PDM-QPSK Coherent Optical Receivers

Adaptive electronic equalizers using the constant modulus algorithm (CMA) algorithm often converge to a singular coefficient matrix that produces the same signal at multiple outputs. We address this issue in the context of optical communications systems with polarization-division multiplexing and coherent receivers. We study, by computer simulation, the performance of multiuser CMA equalizer, an enhanced CMA equalizer initially proposed for use in wireless multiuser and later multiple-input/multiple-output communications systems. We show that the proposed adaptive electronic equalizer does not exhibit singularities and, therefore, is superior to the commonly used CMA equalizer.     

相干环境下LCMV自适应阵列抗干扰问题研究

相干干扰环境下,自适应阵列性能会急剧下降,常用的处理方法是空间平滑。然而,采用常规均匀空间平滑的自适应阵列对相干干扰的抑制能力较差,而且会损失阵列孔径。该文提出一种改进的相干干扰抑制方案:首先,提出了一种自适应的加权空间平滑(Weighted Spatial Smoothing, WSS)算法,它将各子阵的相关矩阵进行加权平均,可以最大程度地解相干;然后,在WSS基础上,利用线性约束最小方差(LCMV)准则得到子阵波束形成器最佳权矢量;最后,提出了一种利用子阵间的相位关系对全阵做波束形成的方法。该方案大大提高了阵列对抗相干干扰的能力,同时避免了一般空间平滑后阵列的孔径损失。理论分析和仿真结果说明了方法的有效性和稳健性。     

A Supervised Constant Modulus Algorithm for Blind Equalization

Blind equalization is a technique for adaptive equalization of a communication channel without the aid of the usual training sequence. Although the Constant Modulus Algorithm (CMA) is one of the most popular adaptive blind equalization algorithms, it suffers from slow convergence rate. A novel enhanced blind equalization technique based on a supervised CMA (S-CMA) is proposed in this paper. The technique is employed to initialize the coefficients of a linear transversal equalizer (LTE) filter in order to provide a fast startup for blind training. It also presents a computational study and simulation results of this newly proposed algorithm compared to other CMA techniques such as conventional CMA, Normalized CMA (N-CMA) and Modified CMA (M-CMA). The simulation results have demonstrated that the proposed algorithm has considerably better performance than others.     

瑞利衰落电离层信道的自适应盲均衡

研究通过具有加性高斯白噪声的瑞利慢衰落电离层信道的恒模盲均衡技术。著名的恒模算法(CMA)是一种重要的盲信道均衡方法。但是，普通恒模算法存在收敛速度慢和相位旋转等不足。采用一种修正恒模算法(MCMA)，该算法使修正的误差函数最小并且自适应学习率由接收序列即时调整。两种算法用8—PSK信号进行了盲均衡比较，模拟结果显示修正恒模算法比普通恒模算法的收敛速度快，符号间干扰(ISI)小，另外该算法均衡器输出具有既无相位旋转也无延迟等优点。     

Blind equalizer for constant-modulus signals based on Gaussian process regression

A new blind equalization method for constant modulus (CM) signals based on Gaussian process for regression (GPR) by incorporating a constant modulus algorithm (CMA)-like error function into the conventional GPR framework is proposed. The GPR framework formulates the posterior density function for weights using Bayes' rule under the assumption of Gaussian prior for weights. The proposed blind GPR equalizer is based on linear-in-weights regression model, which has a form of nonlinear minimum mean-square error solution. Simulation results in linear and nonlinear channels are presented in comparison with the state-of-the-art support vector machine (SVM) and relevance vector machine (RVM) based blind equalizers. The simulation results show that the proposed blind GPR equalizer without cumbersome cross-validation procedures shows the similar performances to the blind SVM and RVM equalizers in terms of intersymbol interference and bit error rate.     

Low-complexity adaptive decision-feedback equalization of MIMO channels

A new adaptive MIMO channel equalizer is proposed based on adaptive generalized decision-feedback equalization and ordered-successive interference cancellation. The proposed equalizer comprises equal-length subequalizers, enabling any adaptive filtering algorithm to be employed for coefficient updates. A recently proposed computationally efficient recursive least squares algorithm based on dichotomous coordinate descents is utilized to solve the normal equations associated with the adaptation of the new equalizer. Convergence of the proposed algorithm is examined analytically and simulations show that the proposed equalizer is superior to the previously proposed adaptive MIMO channel equalizers by providing both enhanced bit error rate performance and reduced computational complexity. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm exhibits stable numerical behavior and can deliver a trade-off between performance and complexity.     

基于MIMO系统的盲均衡算法研究

MIMO通信系统中,随着数据率的不断提高,信道呈现出频率选择性,尤其是多径干扰和多用户干扰将会使接收端产生严重的码间干扰,而盲均衡技术能有效消除码间干扰。文中重点研究了基于MIMO通信系统的恒模盲均衡算法,并在此基础上提出了基于Sigmoid函数的变步长CMA均衡算法。该算法与传统方法的不同之处在于,该改进算法中所使用的步长因子能跟随均衡器的收敛情况自适应调整,且计算仿真结果表明,改进后的CMA算法能有效抑制噪声,且收敛速度快。     

一种新的适用于高阶QAM系统的均衡算法

均衡嚣是通信信号解调的必要部分,对系统性能有较大的影响.针对高阶QAM信号,提出了一种新的判决反馈自适应均衡算法,该均衡器的系数为实数,便于算法的实现.当使用训练序列时,该算法不仅可以消除传输系统的符号间干扰,还可以纠正小的载波频偏.与文献[4]中的均衡算法相比,提出的算法具有低的稳态误差.当应用于可等效为加性高斯噪声信道的视距传输时,该算法可以进行盲均衡处理来纠正较小的载波频偏,且收敛速度很快.理论分析和仿真结果证明了该算法的有效性.     

基于自适应波束形成的抗干扰跳频通信方案

本文将自适应波束形成技术与跳频通信相结合,提出了一种新的基于空间平滑算法与相位补偿算法的抗相关干扰跳频通信方案.该方案通过采用相位补偿算法,消除了跳频与自适应波束形成相结合时存在的波束指向偏差问题,提高了波束形成的收敛速度.将空间平滑算法应用到波束形成中,有效实现了对跳频通信系统中相关干扰的快速抑制.在强相关干扰环境下...     

基于粒子群优化的正交小波盲均衡算法

为克服常数模算法(CMA)收敛速度慢、稳态误差大的缺点,在分析正交小波常数模盲均衡算法(WT-CMA)基础上,该文提出了基于粒子群优化的正交小波常模盲均衡算法(PSO-WT- CMA)。该算法利用粒子群的信息共享机制和有效的全局搜索特点,寻找最优的均衡器权值,并用正交小波变换降低信号的自相关性。水声仿真结果表明:与常数模算法(CMA)、基于粒子群优化的常数模盲均衡算法(PSO-CMA)和基于正交小波变换的常数模盲均衡算法(WT-CMA)相比,该算法在提高收敛速度和减小码间干扰方面的性能有很大的改善。     

基于恒模算法的DS-CDMA系统下行信号接收机

本文研究多径频率选择性衰落信道下,DS-CDMA系统下行信号检测技术。提出了一种新的基于恒模算法的检测方法。将均衡器的输出投影到一个未使用的扩频序列上,以结果为零作为约束条件,本文分别给出了批处理和自适应的线性约束恒模算法。本文方法克服了常规恒模算法无法保证收敛到期望用户的缺点,并且对周期和非周期扩频系统都有效。仿真结果验证了本文方法具有良好的检测性能,可以在克服信道衰落的同时抑制多址干扰。     

一种基于恒模算法的多用户盲波束形成新方法

提出了一种适用于多用户的盲波束形成新方法.该方法基于最小二乘恒模算法,当最小二乘恒模算法收敛于某一信号后,我们导出了算法的权向量与其它用户波达方向的关系,进而在不同用户的波达方向上形成初始增益,从而实现对所有用户的波束形成.文中给出了算法的并行和串行实现方案.     

Online adaptive reinitialization of the constant modulus algorithm

An adaptive reinitialization algorithm for the constant modulus algorithm is proposed that relies on the similarities between the constant modulus and the Wiener equalizer and expands the capabilities of a previous algorithm. The proposed algorithm determines adaptively if the CMA will benefit through reinitialization, and if so, it will calculate new equalizer coefficients leading to the global minimum     

基于最大相关熵准则的恒模盲均衡算法

针对恒模算法(constant modulus algorithm, CMA)在脉冲噪声环境下性能退化的问题,本文基于最大相关熵准则(maximum correntropy criterion, MCC)对恒模算法中基于最小均方误差(mean square error, MSE)准则的代价函数进行修正,推导出适用于脉冲噪声环境的基于MCC准则的恒模盲均衡算法(MCC_CMA)。该算法利用通信信号的恒模特性,首先得到发送信号与均衡器输出信号模值的误差信号,再通过使模值误差信号的相关熵最大来获得其迭代误差调节项,避免了传统高阶统计量算法在脉冲噪声环境下性能退化的问题。对高斯噪声以及α-稳定分布和混合高斯分布两种脉冲噪声环境下的信道均衡问题的仿真实验表明,相对于经典的自适应恒模盲均衡算法,MCC_CMA算法不依赖噪声的先验知识就能获得较快的收敛速度、较低的剩余码间干扰和误码率,并且在不同脉冲强度的脉冲噪声环境下都能够得到较好的均衡结果,表明MCC_CMA算法具有很好的鲁棒性。      

On adaptive beamforming in correlated noise

This paper deals with the problem of adaptive beamforming in the presence of fully coherent (correlated) noise sources. Two different techniques are developed for minimizing the effects of coherent interference. The first method employs spatial interpolation of the array aperture, followed by spatial smoothing in order to decorrelate the desired signal and the interference. The second technique is based on a simple algebraic transformation for restoring the rank of the array signal correlation matrix, which is normally rank deficient in such situations. This technique is shown to work for nonuniform adaptive arrays as well. Extensive computer simulation results are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.This week was supported by the N.R.C., Resident Research Associateship Programme.     

一种新的混合盲均衡算法的研究

在无线通信信道中,码间干扰严重影响了通信的质量和可靠性。恒模算法（CMA）可以很好的克服码间干扰。针对CMA算法收敛速度较慢和无法纠正相位误差的缺点,提出将改进型CMA算法和改进型判决引导（DD）算法结合起来的混合盲均衡算法。蒙特卡罗仿真表明,提出的算法,相比传统CMA算法,不仅可以纠正信道的相位偏转,而且具有更好的均衡效果和收敛性能。