微量元素藻类富集中多糖的作用及机理

藻类富集微量元素主要是通过生物吸附的途径，多糖尤其是藻酸盐与硫酸盐多糖在微量元素的藻类富集中起着主要作用，生物吸附的机理主要络合与离子交换。富集了微量元素的多糖有着重要生理功能。本文详细地论述了藻类富集的特点，细胞壁的结构以及多糖的种类与作用等，深入地探讨了多糖生物吸附的机理和过程动力学，在一定程度上揭示了藻类多糖与微量元素之间的作用的实质。     

异养小球藻生物富集Cr~(3+)的研究

研究了异养条件下 pH、Cr3 + 浓度、温度、氮源等对小球藻富集Cr3 + 的影响 ,并对小球藻生物富集Cr3 + 的过程和机制进行了初步研究和探讨。结果表明 ,在pH 4 .5～ 5 .0、Cr3 +质量浓度为 5mg/L、温度为 30℃的条件下 ,以KNO3 为氮源进行Cr3 + 的富集可以获得较高的生物富集量 (336mg/kg)和铬利用率 (39 2 2 % ) ;小球藻生物富集Cr3 + 的机制包括表面吸附和主动运输 ,在小球藻生长的抑制期和衰亡期表面吸附占主导作用 ,而对数期和稳定期主动运输占主导作用     

富集微量元素的功能酵母研究概况及应用前景

微量元素是生物有机体必需的营养元素,在维持生物体的正常代谢过程中起着重要作用。富集微量元素的功能酵母能将无机态微量元素转化为有机态微量元素,以提高其生物利用率;其自身含有丰富的营养成分,很适合作为饲料添加剂应用在畜牧业中。文中综述了几种富集微量元素的功能酵母——富硒酵母、富铁酵母、富锌酵母和富铬酵母等的生理功能及其研究概况和富集微量元素的功能酵母在饲料行业中的应用前景。     

食用菌富集微量元素的研究进展

微量元素是一类人体所必需的营养素,在自然界中多数以无机态形式存在,且分布不平衡,不易被人体吸收利用。近年来许多研究显示,食用菌对微量元素锌、硒、碘、铁等都具有富集和将无机态微量元素转化成有机态的功能。本文对食用菌富集微量元素的机理进行了归纳总结,概述了灵芝、香菇和金针菇等各类食用菌对微量元素的富集作用的研究进展。     

微生物对金属元素富集的研究

介绍了国内外利用微生物富集金属元素的研究,阐述了其作用机理及影响因素,结合食品微生物发酵富集金属元素的初步研究工作、提出了微生物富集微量元素在食品行业的应用前景     

食用菌富集具有胰岛素激活作用的微量元素的研究

微量元素是人和动物必需的营养素,对提高人体免疫机能发挥着重要的作用,其中铬、锌、钒、铁、硒、铜、锗、锂等微量元素缺乏会影响胰岛素代谢,从而导致糖尿病。因此,寻求具有胰岛素激活作用的微量元素成为当务之急。从胰岛素的定义、作用机理,胰岛素与微量元素的关系方面,阐述了富集微量元素食用菌的生理功能、特点、方法和未来的发展。     

食用菌对Fe,Zn,Se,生物富集作用的探讨

研究了在不同培养基成分和同一培养基成分中香菇,茶薪菇和金针菇对Ｆｅ,Ｚｎ,Ｓｅ的富集作用。结果显示：培养基成分,微量元素浓度和食用菌菌株会影响食用菌的生物富集作用。提高培养基中蛋白质,脂肪和Ｆｅ,Ｚｎ,Ｓｅ的浓度,有利于食用菌对Ｆｅ,Ｚｎ,Ｓｅ的富集。在这３株食用菌中香菇富集Ｆｅ,Ｚｎ能力最强,金针菇富集Ｓｅ的能力最强。     

食用酵母菌对Fe,Zn,Se生物富集作用的研究

本文研究了在不同培养基成分和同一培养基成分中，异常汉逊氏酵母，发酵性酵母和产朊酵母对Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｅ的富集作用。结果表明：培养基成分，酵母朱和微量元素浓度会影食用酵母的生物富集作用，提高培养基中蛋白质和蔗糖的含量，有利于酵母菌对Ｆｅ，Ｚｎ，Ｓｅ的富集。     

食用菌对铁、锌、硒生物富集作用的探讨

研究了在不同培养基成分和同一培养基成分中香菇、茶薪菇和金针菇对铁、锌、硒的富集作用。结果显示：培养基成分、微量元素浓度和食用菌菌株会影响食用菌的生物富集作用。提高培养基中蛋白质、脂肪和铁、锌、硒的浓度,有利于食用菌对铁、锌、硒的富集。在这三株食用菌中香菇富集铁、锌能力最强,金针菇则富集硒的能力最强。较高浓度的铁、锌、硒盐能促进香菇菌丝的生长     

多元矿溶液在高度浓香型白酒中的应用

我国著名量子统计化学家金日光教授在研究遗传基因载体DNA和各种水之间作用机理的过程中发现，微量元素群对细胞核内DNA起深层次的作用，其内在实质是调节和优化遗传密码子合成转录等过程中氢键和色散能的作用。由此经过多年研究，将这些微量元素群从自然界富集提纯，从而发明了多元矿溶液(高能态生物能活力素)。     

Essential trace elements distribution in food micro algae Spirulina platensis biomass fractions

Distribution of some trace elements elements (zinc, selenium, iron, manganese, chromium) was characterized in enriched biomass of food micro algae Spirulina platensis by means of water-methanol fractionation. The majority of said trace elements was shown to be incorporated in intercellular hydrophylic fraction, e.g. could be connected to cellular proteins. This result enable the conclusion, that Spirulina is a suitable matrix for biotechnological incorporation of new food trace elements preparations.     

Determination of Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins in dietary supplements by application of a new HPLC/FD method

Over the past years the importance of food additives and the development of so-called novel food increased permanently. Especially, the application of dietary supplements was on the rise. Then, more and more new products based on plants hitherto not used for human consumption were launched. Algae products containing valuable amounts of essential nutrients such as amino acids and trace elements play a decisive role. On the other hand, some algae including the blue-green algae (cyanobacteria) are capable of synthesizing harmful substances depending on species and provenience. Therefore, methods must be available to evaluate possible risks caused by toxins in algae-based dietary supplements. There are different groups of toxins related to marine algae and cyanobacteria. However, both marine algae and cyanobacteria are able to produce Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) toxins which are potential neurotoxins. Hence, analytical methods for PSP determination have to be developed. The method for PSP toxin determination described below is based on ion-pair chromatography of the underivatized PSP toxins followed by post-column oxidation and fluorescence detection (FD). The determination of very low amounts of PSP toxins in different matrices of novel food is possible. In addition, the method allows to compare PSP profiles of various algae-based dietary supplements.     

Analysis of trace elements in seaweed

The following trace elements have been analysed in various algae samples: arsenic, copper, molybdenum, manganese, zinc, cobalt, antimony, selenium and iron. The ash content has also been determined. The samples were collected from two different localities in Norway, one (Trondheimsfjord) characterised by a relatively strong influence of river water, industrial waste etc.; the other (Reine in Lofoten) is free from this type of contamination. In the case of two species, Ascophyllum nodosum and Laminaria hyperborea, the variation in the content of trace elements has been studied during a one-year period, samples being taken every second month. Considerable differences in the content of trace elements was found between the Laminariaceae and Fucaceae.     

富硒袋泡茶的加工

阐述了富硒茶原料的制作方法,以及将其进一步深加工成富硒袋泡红茶、富硒袋泡花旗参绿茶和富硒袋泡冰茶的具体方法。     

微量元素在运动营养食品中的强化水平及 风险评估

随着人们运动健身意识的增强,运动营养食品越来越受到欢迎。在此背景下,运动营养食品的研发越来越受到重视。在运动营养食品中强化微量元素,客观上增加了微量元素的摄入机会,但微量元素的强化水平及风险评估需要得到学者的重视。本研究综述了微量元素与人体健康的关系、运动营养食品的定义、分析了国内外运动营养食品的研究现状,以及微量元素在运动营养食品中的强化水平及风险评估,为研究微量元素在运动营养食品中的应用提供重要参考。     

微量元素铁的生理功能及对人体健康的影响

铁是人体内含量最高的必需微量元素,它有参与氧的运输和贮存,参与合成细胞色素和多种金属酶,增强机体免疫功能等非常重要的生理作用。人体内缺铁或铁过量都会发生相应病变。     

乳酸菌富集微量元素Se、Cr、Zn的初步研究

研究了乳酸菌对硒、铬、锌通过生物转化将无机态微量元素富集转化为细胞内的有机态微量元素。结果表明:适当提高培养基中硒、铬、锌的浓度,有利于乳酸菌的生长和微量元素有机态的富集转化,但是当它们浓度超出一定范围时,则抑制乳酸菌的生长。这3种元素中,乳酸菌对锌的富集转化能力最强,铬次之,而对硒的富集转化能力最弱。     

Interactions of toxic trace elements with special regard to selenium]

The significance of the trace elements in nutrition is often decisively affected by the interaction of trace elements with other trace elements and of trace elements with other substances. These processes, which include synergistic and antagonistic effects, are of great importance not only to the essentiality, but also to the toxicity of trace elements. There is considerable experience with interactions of essential elements. There is considerable experience with interactions of essential elements or of elements in essential concentrations. On contrast, there is a scarcity of information pertaining to toxic effects that are influenced by synergisms and antagonisms. This situation is illustrated by some examples and especially by the role of selenium. It is shown that these problems deserve closer attention.