一种机器人程序设计语言

本文论述我们自己设计和实现的机器人语言 ZDRL。这是一种面向运动的语言,用户程序采用解释执行的方式。语言系统提供了一个良好的程序开发环境,用户可进行对程序的编辑、调试、执行和存取操作。该系统已在 IBMPC 微机上实现。并已应用到 Rhino 机器人的控制上。     

一种面向无线传感网应用重编程的逻辑式编程语言

无线传感网的发展,使其需要具有高效地更新其上运行的应用软件的能力.为了解决这个问题,提出了一种面向无线传感网应用重编程的逻辑式编程语言及其处理系统ReLog.ReLog语言根据无线传感网应用的普遍特点,基于传统逻辑式语言进行扩展,并提供合适的编程抽象,方便程序员高效地构建、修改程序.同时,语言的处理系统使用中间代码将应用程序与系统软件解耦,从而减少应用更新时所需传输的更新代码的规模,提高更新效率.通过一个数据收集应用案例评估了ReLog语言及其执行机制,结果表明：使用ReLog语言能够获得简洁、易修改的程序;同时,语言的执行机制能够显著降低传输应用更新代码的能量和时间开销.     

Mirror‐based reflection in AmbientTalk

This paper introduces a novel mechanism to perform intercession (a form of reflection) in an object‐oriented programming language with the goal of making the language extensible from within itself. The proposed mechanism builds upon a mirror‐based architecture, leading to a reusable reflective application programming interface that cleanly separates interface from implementation details. However, support for intercession has been limited in contemporary mirror‐based architectures. This is due to the fact that mirror‐based architectures only support reflection explicitly triggered by metaprograms, while intercession requires reflection implicitly triggered by the language interpreter. This work reconciles mirrors with intercession in the context of an actor‐based, object‐oriented programming language named AmbientTalk. We describe this language's full reflective architecture, highlighting its novel mirror‐based approach to reflect upon both objects and concurrently executing actors. Subsequently, we apply AmbientTalk's mirror‐based reflection to implement two language features, which crucially depend on intercession, to wit future‐type message passing and leased object references. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A parallel language and its programming system for heterogeneous networks

The paper presents a new parallel language, mpC, designed specially for programming high‐performance computations on heterogeneous networks of computers, as well as its supportive programming environment. The main idea underlying mpC is that an mpC application explicitly defines an abstract network and distributes data, computations and communications over the network. The mpC programming environment uses, at run time, this information as well as information on any real executing network in order to map the application to the real network in such a way that ensures the efficient execution of the application on this real network. Experience of using mpC for solving both regular and irregular real‐life problems on networks of heterogeneous computers is also presented. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Go! — A Multi-Paradigm Programming Language for Implementing Multi-Threaded Agents

Go! is a multi-paradigm programming language that is oriented to the needs of programming secure, production quality, agent based applications. It is multi-threaded, strongly typed and higher order (in the functional programming sense). It has relation, function and action procedure definitions. Threads execute action procedures, calling functions and querying relations as need be. Threads in different agents communicate and coordinate using asynchronous messages. Threads within the same agent can also use shared dynamic relations acting as Linda-style tuple stores. In this paper we introduce the essential features of Go!. We then illustrate them by programming a simple multi-agent application comprising hybrid reactive/deliberative agents interacting in a simulated ballroom. The dancer agents negotiate to enter into joint commitments to dance a particular dance (e.g., polka) they both desire. When the dance is announced, they dance together. The agents' reactive and deliberative components are concurrently executing threads which communicate and coordinate using belief, desire and intention memory stores. We believe such a multi-threaded agent architecture represents a powerful and natural style of agent implementation, for which Go! is well suited.     

面向过程、面向对象与泛型程序设计的对比分析

编程语言在软件设计领域经历过三次重大的变革,它们分别是面向过程的编程,面向对象的编程和泛型编程.其中的每一次变革不仅影响到编程语言本身,更影响到软件工程中的各个领域.文章介绍了这三种程序的设计方法,并且对其进行了比较和分析.     

组合事务块及其在C语言和FOXPRO中的实现

高级程序设计语言（如Ｃ语言）和数据库系统的嵌套使用，作为一种有效的数据操纵和管理结构，目前在传统的离线或在线事务处理系统，以及智能控制系统中得到了广泛应用．这些应用的特点之一是要求系统具有很高的可靠性．文中提出了一种称为组合事务块的新颖容错原语，详细论述了它在Ｃ语言和ＦＯＸＰＲＯ中的实现方案．本质上，组合事务块是一种将数据容错、程序容错及算法容错结合起来的混合容错机制．文中还分析了组合事务块在冗余处理机上的执行时间，并用软件实验验证了它的容错特性．     

负载类型相关的Xen虚拟机系统性能模型

针对Xen虚拟机系统执行网络I/O密集型负载时容易耗尽Domain0的CPU资源而过载和执行计算密集型负载时在客户域平均性能与数目之间存在线性规划的问题,提出了两个负载类型相关的性能模型。首先,通过分析Xen虚拟机系统处理网络I/O操作的CPU资源消耗规律,建立了CPU核共享和CPU核隔离两种情况下的客户域网络I/O操作请求次数计算模型;然后,通过分析多个相同客户域并行执行计算密集型负载的平均性能与一个相同客户域执行相同负载的性能表现之间的关系,建立了并行执行计算密集型负载的客户域平均性能分析模型。实验结果表明,两个性能模型能够有效地限制客户域提交的网络I/O操作请求次数以防止Xen虚拟机系统过载,并求解给定资源配置情况下执行计算密集型负载的Xen虚拟机系统客户域伸缩性数目。     

Guard: A Relative Debugger

A significant amount of software development is evolutionary, involving the modification of already existing programs. To a large extent, the modified programs produce the same results as the original program. This similarity between the original program and the development program is utilized by relative debugging. Relative debugging is a new concept that enables the user to compare the execution of two programs by specifying the expected correspondences between their states. A relative debugger concurrently executes the programs, verifies the correspondences, and reports any differences found. We describe our novel debugger, called Guard, and its relative debugging capabilities. Guard is implemented by using our library of debugging routines, called Dynascope, which provides debugging primitives in heterogeneous networked environments. To demonstrate the capacity of Guard for debugging in heterogeneous environments, we describe an experiment in which the execution of two programs is compared across Internet. The programs are written in different programming languages and executing on different computing platforms. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

剖析缓冲区溢出攻击

本文从程序设计语言的特征、程序编写、数据结构以及程序执行控制等多个角度对缓冲区溢出漏洞攻击的原理进行深入剖析,最后提出了遏制利用缓冲区溢出漏洞进行攻击的一些措施。     

前途光明的中国人自己的编程技术——汉语编程

汉语编程技术,可以打破英语编程语言的垄断,为我国信息技术产业的发展开辟一条属于我们中国人自己的崭新光明之路。该文初步介绍了汉语编程的概念,对汉语编程和英语编程进行了比较,分析了汉语编程特点优势与不足,汉语编程面临机遇和挑战。     

Design of an arabic programming language (ARABLAN)

It was observed that school children in Arab countries find difficulty in learning programming in a language other than their native language. There are only few Arabic programming languages in the literature; most of which are never or partially implemented. In this paper, we present the design of a new Arabic programming language (ARABLAN) which is planned to be implemented for use in teaching programming for school children in Arab countries.     

Grain size determination for parallel processing

A method called grain packing is proposed as a way to optimize parallel programs. A grain is defined as one or more concurrently executing program modules. A grain begins executing as soon as all of its inputs are available, and terminates only after all of its outputs have been computed. Grain packing reduces total execution time by balancing execution time and communication time. Used with an optimizing scheduler, it gives consistently better results than human-engineered scheduling and packing. The method is language-independent and is applicable to both extended serial and concurrent programming languages, including Occam, Fortran, and Pascal     

基于Agent-O的面向主体程序设计

阐述了面向主体程序设计的基本思想,以及与面向对象程序设计的异同,对Agent-0面向主体程序设计语言,从主体组成、语法、程序执行和案例分析等几个方面作了详细介绍,提出了面向主体程序设计语言发展方向.     

Compiler to interpreter: experiences with a distributed programming language

One interpretive approach for handling concurrency is to provide an interpreter instance for each executing language‐level process. Such an approach has mainly been applied to concurrent implementations of logic and functional languages. This paper describes the use of this approach in constructing an interpreter for an imperative, distributed programming language from an existing compiler and run‐time support system (RTS). Primary design goals were to exploit the existing compiler to the extent possible as well as to have minimal impact on the RTS used to support concurrency. We have been successful in meeting these goals. Additionally, performance results show our interpreter's execution times compare favorably to the times required for compilation, linkage, and execution of small programs or programs with a significant number of calls to the RTS; on such programs, our interpreter's performance also compares favorably to that of the standard Java implementation. However, for larger programs and programs with fewer calls to the underlying RTS, the conventional compiler‐based implementation outperforms the interpreter implementation. For many distributed programs in which network costs dominate, the performances of the two implementations differ little. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

并行程序设计语言发展现状

In this paper we introduce the history of the parallel programming language and list some of currently parallel programming languages. Then according to the classified principle. We analyze some of the representative parallel programming languages in detail. Finally, we show a further feature to the parallel programming language.     

基于O'Caml语言的通用编程技术

O’Caml语言是一门优秀的函数式程序语言,具有计算模型简单、语法语义描述清晰等特点,而通用编程技术方法通过高度抽象算法、数据结构及其他软件组件可以避免功能相似代码的重复编写。针对如何将通用编程技术方法和O’Caml语言相结合来提高O’Caml程序复用程度的问题,通过对O’Caml语言语法进行扩展引入类型标记1函数,然后运用类型结构化转换和类型映射机制,实现通用函数,从而达到在O’Caml语言中引入通用编程技术的目的。实例结果表明,在O’Caml语言中实现通用编程技术,有效提高了编程效率和程序的通用性。     

基于ADA语言的星载软件在轨编程技术研究

随着ADA编程语言被引入到星栽软件的开发中,相比较汇编编程语言,用ADA编程语言可以大大提高软件的可复用性,缩短开发周期并进而降低开发成本。但同时,如何利用ADA编程语言更好地实现对卫星的计算机软件的在轨编程功能这一课题也被提到了桌面上来了。该文对如何利用ADA编程语言实现对卫星的计算机软件的在轨编程功能进行了研究,并提出了一种设计方案和实现技术,使其能够充分利用ADA编程语言的可复用性高的特点并同时能够满足高安全性和高实时性的要求。     

PLC国际标准编程语言探析

本文根据传统PLC编程语言的不足和局限,阐述了IEC 61131-3国际标准的5种编程语言的结构、编程以及转换,利用IEC 61131-3国际标准编程语言,可以解决PLC应用中出现的诸多问题,为全球PLC制造商和客户所接受。