热处理温度对镀镍钴钢带耐腐蚀性能的影响

对镀镍钴钢带进行不同温度的热处理,热处理温度为550℃、650℃、750℃,保温时间3h。采用电化学方法测试了不同热处理温度下镀镍钴钢带在1.0%NaCl和0.1%H2SO4混合溶液及10%NaOH溶液中的耐腐蚀性能,并通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析了镀镍钴钢带在不同热处理温度下的微观形貌、成分及织构变化。结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高,镀镍钴钢带表面镀层的晶粒尺寸逐渐长大,镀层和基底间形成了镍/钴/铁扩散层;当热处理温度为650℃时,镀镍钴钢带在1.0%NaCl和0.1%H2SO4混合溶液及10%NaOH溶液中的耐腐蚀性能均为最好的,当热处理温度超过650℃后其耐腐蚀性能降低。这说明合适的热处理温度能有效地提高镀层的耐腐蚀性能。     

Effect of friction stir processing on the corrosion behavior of pure Mg

As cast pure magnesium was friction stir processed (FSPed) by multiple passes. The treated materials were characterized by scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction methods. The corrosion behavior of the materials was also studied using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Results showed that FSP refined the structure dramatically to mean grain size value of about 1% of that of in as cast Mg. In addition, FSP dominated basal texture in the treated area of the Mg surface. The grain size was reduced and basal texture intensity increased further by repeating FSP. As a result, the corrosion resistance of the treated material improved considerably to more than 10 times of that of in as cast Mg.     

Enhancement of Corrosion Resistance of Zinc Coatings Using Green Additives

In the present work, morphology, microstructure, and electrochemical behavior of Zn coatings containing non-toxic additives have been investigated. Zn coatings were electrodeposited over mild steel substrates using Zn sulphate baths containing four different organic additives: sodium gluconate, dextrose, dextrin, and saccharin. All these additives are “green” and can be derived from food contents. Morphological and structural characterization using electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and texture co-efficient analysis revealed an appreciable alteration in the morphology and texture of the deposit depending on the type of additive used in the Zn plating bath. All the Zn coatings, however, were nano-crystalline irrespective of the type of additive used. Polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic analysis, used to investigate the effect of the change in microstructure and morphology on corrosion resistance behavior, illustrated an improved corrosion resistance for Zn deposits obtained from plating bath containing additives as compared to the pure Zn coatings.     

银铜箔轧制用银铜板的退火组织与性能

采用光学显微镜、电子背散射衍射技术、维氏硬度计和电化学工作站等研究了轧制银铜板在退火过程中的组织、织构演变规律及其对维氏硬度、耐腐蚀性能的影响。结果表明:轧制银铜板退火时,晶粒形态由轧态的长条状演变为等轴晶组织,且平均晶粒尺寸增大,织构类型由铜型织构、黄铜型织构、S织构和R织构等形变织构演变为立方织构和{025}<001>等退火织构;随退火温度的升高,银铜板维氏硬度减小,银铜板小角度晶界含量降低,∑3晶界含量升高,耐腐蚀性能先减弱后增强。银铜板在300 ℃保温10 min时,立方织构含量最多,硬度为60 HV0.3,耐腐蚀性能较好。     

Effects of single- and multi-stage solid solution treatments on microstructure and properties of as-extruded AA7055 helical profile

The effects of single-stage solution treatment (SST), enhanced solution treatment (EST), high-temperature pre-precipitation (HTPP) and multi-stage solution treatment (MST) on the microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the as-extruded 7055 aluminium alloy (AA7055) helical profile were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was observed that EST and MST could promote the dissolution of the second-phase particles compared with the traditional SST, and the intergranular phases were distinctly discontinuously distributed after HTPP and MST. There was obvious difference in the main texture type and texture strength for the alloy after different solid solution treatments. HTPP could improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy by regulating the intergranular phases, but the mechanical properties were severely weakened. While the good corrosion resistance of the alloy could be obtained by MST without obvious strength loss. As a result, the MST is an ideal solid solution treatment scheme for AA7055.     

Effect of current density on micro‐arc oxidation of Q235 steel and corrosion resistance in liquid Pb‐Bi

An attempt has been made to improve the corrosion resistance in liquid Pb‐Bi by micro‐arc oxidation (MAO), and the effects under different current densities on the corrosion resistance of the coatings were discussed. Scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and X‐ray diffraction were used to analyze the surface morphology and phase constituents of the MAO coatings produced under different current densities. The corrosion resistance of the coatings was evaluated by studying the element changes and morphology evolution. The results show that the compactness of the ceramic coating decreases with the current density increasing. In contrast to the performance of matrix metal, the ceramic coating exhibited a much better corrosion resistance in liquid Pb‐Bi. Moreover, the ceramic coating produced under current density of 10 A/dm ² shows the best corrosion resistance.     

Effect of number of layers on erosion,corrosion, and wear resistance of multilayer Cr–N/Cr–Al–N coatings on AISI 630 stainless steel

In the present study, multilayered Cr–N/Cr–Al–N coatings were prepared by cathodic arc physical vapor deposition (PVD) with different numbers of layers and the same total thickness on AISI 630 steel in an attempt to improve the wear and erosion–corrosion resistance. Structural analysis of the coatings was performed by field scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy. Depth profiles and roughness parameters of worn surfaces were calculated after erosion and wear tests. XRD indicated that nitride compounds were formed in multilayer coatings by PVD. The Cr–N/Cr–Al–N coating exhibited superior corrosion resistance compared with AISI 630 substrate. The erosion–corrosion results revealed that the smoothest wear track with the minimum erosion rate and wear depth was obtained for five- and seven-layered coatings. The failure mechanism of the bare substrate was influenced by plastic deformation via cutting and plowing, while the failure mechanism for coated samples was chipping and delamination. According to the wear results, the multilayer coatings showed a lower friction coefficient and better surface morphology that demonstrated their high ability for wear protection.     

Sn含量对镁合金电镀Sn-Ni合金镀层性能的影响

采用阴极电沉积法在AZ3lB镁合金表面上制备了不同Sn含量的Sn-Ni合金镀层.利用x射线荧光光谱仪(XRF)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、动电位极化曲线(Tafel)、电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和硬度仪研究了不同Sn含量时镀层的结构、表面形貌、耐蚀性及硬度.结果表明,镀层中Sn含量对镀层各种性能的影...     

Mg对SiCp/Al复合材料腐蚀行为的影响

通过盐雾实验和周期浸润实验研究了Mg含量对ZL101基SiCp/Al复合材料在中性及酸性环境中的腐蚀行为.分别采用失重法、X射线衍射仪以及扫描电镜测定腐蚀速率、分析腐蚀产物的物相组成以及观察表面形貌.结果表明:加入Mg后,SiCp/Al复合材料的极化曲线出现了自腐蚀电流明显缓冲平台及钝化区,合金表面生成具有保护性的Al...     

Corrosion Resistance of PAPVD TiN Coating on AISI 304 Stainless Steel

In this work the corrosion resistance of PAPVD TiN hard coatings on AISI 304 stainless steel with a titanium interlayer has been addressed. Cyclic voltammetry corrosion tests in NaCl 3.5% solutions were performed for samples prepared by depositing TiN/Ti onto steel using different deposition parameters. The surface morphology of the samples was examined by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and phase analysis was performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The cyclic voltammetry curves showed two distinct behaviours. Firstly, a reduction in corrosion resistance was observed when current density was increased for the whole potential range studied. The second observation, no less important, was the increase in corrosion resistance compared to the uncoated steel. The TiN films deposited showing (III) preferred orientation showed better corrosion resistance than films presenting other orientations.     

316L不锈钢焊接头耐蚀性能研究

分别采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、动电位极化技术及零内阻安培表方法研究爆炸焊接316L不锈钢接头的显微组织形貌、物相、点蚀及电偶腐蚀行为。结果表明,316L不锈钢侧焊缝金属存在严重的组织形变和金属间化合物相,且相对于基体试样,316L不锈钢侧焊缝和熔合区产生了更多的δ铁素体相,这些因素导致焊接后的316L不锈钢耐点蚀和电偶腐蚀性能降低。     

转速对6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊接接头织构的影响

采用电子背散射衍射技术,借助取向成像分析软件,研究了搅拌头在不同转速下,6082-T6铝合金搅拌摩擦焊焊核区上表面晶粒形貌、晶界特征、织构组分的演化. 结果表明,在搅拌针所引入的剪切应力作用下,焊核区形成(110)[001]高斯织构和(114)[$ 22 {\bar 1} $]织构,轴肩的顶锻压力使其沿着TD方向旋转一定角度,形成(112)[$ 11 {\bar 1} $]铜织构,随着搅拌头转速的提高,晶粒沿着TD方向旋转角度增加,进一步形成(100)[011]剪切织构和($ 11 {\bar 1} $)[112]织构;焊核区晶粒受到搅拌针的挤压而形成[110]丝织构,搅拌头转速从1 200 r/min提高到2 000 r/min时,挤压程度增加,导致[110]丝织构组分显著增多.     

AZ31镁合金摩擦搅拌焊在慢拉伸应力腐蚀过程中的组织演化和氢致延迟开裂

研究AZ31镁合金摩擦搅拌焊组织的演化,包括织构和断口变化。利用中子衍射仪测量织构。利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察应力腐蚀开裂（SCC）样品的金相及断口形貌。利用X射线衍射仪研究SCC样品的断口表面结构。结果表明,在母材表面形成了明显的基面织构。然而,搅拌区晶粒发生了基面旋转,大多数晶粒的基面沿着焊接方向倾斜25°。在慢拉伸应力作用下,在空气和侵蚀性溶液中分别形成了羽毛状孪晶和氢化物。在溶液中,穿晶裂纹扩展,最终断裂在回转侧。在断口表面存在的氢化物表明镁合金应力腐蚀可能存在氢致延迟开裂机制。     

不同强度恒定磁场下杂色曲霉对PCB-Cu腐蚀行为的影响

目的 研究不同强度恒定磁场下杂色曲霉对PCB-Cu的腐蚀行为与机理.方法 对PCB-Cu试样表面喷涂孢子悬浮液,沿垂直于试样表面方向分别施加不同恒定强度的磁场.采用3D共聚焦显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱分析仪(EDS)、拉曼光谱仪,研究杂色曲霉的生长状况,分析表面腐蚀形态和产物组成.采用扫描开尔文探针(SKP)测试分析PCB-Cu上的表面电势变化.结果 通过观察表面形貌可以明显看出,无磁场组霉菌生命活动更旺盛,并且磁场强度越高,对霉菌生长的抑制作用越强,这使得霉菌孢子数量减少、生长状况变差.磁场影响霉菌生长和腐蚀性离子的迁移,在恒定强度为15 mT时,出现腐蚀拐点.通过对腐蚀产物的成分进行测定,表明腐蚀产物成分存在不同,无磁场区比磁场区的O、Cl含量更高.结论 磁场主要通过影响霉菌生长对PCB-Cu的腐蚀起到抑制作用,但是磁场也会影响离子的迁移,进而加速电化学腐蚀,在磁场强度为15 mT时,腐蚀程度最轻微.无磁场的腐蚀产物主要由CuO、少量的Cu2O和铜的氯化物组成,施加磁场后,CuO和铜的氯化物成为主要腐蚀产物.     

Evolution of microstructure and texture of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape pressing of extruded perform

The micro orientation theological behavior of AZ61 Mg alloy during net-shape forming of tensile specimens via close-die pressing of extruded preformed and the effect of the press deformation rate on the microstructure characteristics were characterized with electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD) orientation imaging microscopy and metallography. The results indicate that the intensity distribution of basal {0001}<10(1)0 > texture on the cross-section of the extruded perform is uniform and parallel to the extrusion direction. Subjected to pressing in extrusion direction, deformation shear stress leads to grain rotation and basal texture {0001}<10(1)0> deviation from the extrusion direction, spreading in the direction perpendicular to pressing direction. The texture intensity increases with the press deformation rate and reaches its peak value at 50%, which is considerably lower than the value reached in extrusion deformation. Then, the texture intensity decreases with the press deformation rate reversely.     

Effects of tensile test parameters on the mechanical properties of a bimodal Al–Mg alloy

The properties of aluminum alloy (AA) 5083 are shown to be significantly improved by grain size reduction through cryomilling and the incorporation of unmilled Al particles into the material, creating a bimodal grain size distribution consisting of coarse grains in a nanocrystalline matrix. To provide insight into the mechanical behavior and ultimately facilitate engineering applications, the present study reports on the effects of coarse grain ratio, anisotropy, strain rate and specimen size on the elastic–plastic behavior of bimodal AA 5083 evaluated in uniaxial tension tests using a full-factorial experiment design. To determine the governing failure mechanisms under different testing conditions, the specimens’ failure surfaces were analyzed using optical and electron microscopy. The results of the tests were found to conform to Joshi’s plasticity model. Significant anisotropy effects were observed, in a drastic reduction in strength and ductility, when tension was applied perpendicular (transverse) to the direction of extrusion. These specimens also exhibited a smooth, flat fracture surface morphology with a significantly different surface texture than specimens tested in the axial direction. It was found that decreasing specimen thickness and strain rate served to increase both the strength and ductility of the material. The failure surface morphology was found to differ between specimens of different thicknesses.     

钴对镍基高温合金抗热腐蚀性能影响的研究

用以Udimet500为基0～25%七种不同钴含量的合金在750℃、800℃、850℃含100ppm盐雾气氛中进行单管热腐蚀试验,试验时间为62.5小时。宏观观察及失重法结果表明,钴可以明显改善和提高合金的抗热腐蚀性能。 用光学显微镜、X-光、电子探针及辉光逐层分析等方法进行了微观分析。结果指出,增加合金钴含量有益于合金在热腐蚀孕育期形成连续的保护性氧化膜,提高氧化膜的粘附性。钴还可以有效地阻止硫在合金中的扩散。     

Improving Corrosion Resistance of Ferrous Alloy to Molten Zn by Modifying the Laves Phase Characteristics

The Laves phase morphology in the Fe25Mo14Cr10Ni1Si (wt.%) alloy was modified by Si addition to improve the corrosion resistance of the ferrous alloy to molten zinc. The Si-containing alloy showed a woven, needle-like Laves phase with higher Mo content than that of the Fe25Mo14Cr10Ni alloy. Corrosion resistance to molten Zn for the Si-containing alloy was more than 20 times higher than that of the silicon-free alloy mainly as a result of the characteristics of the modified Laves phase. This phase was oriented perpendicular to the Zn-diffusion direction, which effectively prevented corrosion by the molten Zn, leading to a denser FeZn₁₃ layer rather than the FeZn₁₀ layer produced in the Fe25Mo14Cr10Ni alloy.     

温度对三种Cr钢腐蚀行为的影响

利用高温高压釜模拟油田高CO_2分压和高矿化度的生产环境进行腐蚀试验,测定在不同温度条件下1Cr、3Cr和13Cr钢的腐蚀速率,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等手段分析了腐蚀产物形貌和成分。结果表明:1Cr、3Cr钢的腐蚀速率随温度升高先增大后减小,二者的腐蚀速率均在80℃达到最大值,分别为7.515mm/a和4.339mm/a;13Cr钢的腐蚀速率在温度低于110℃时随温度的升高缓慢增大,在温度高于110℃时腐蚀速率迅速增大;1Cr、3Cr油管钢在试验温度范围内均出现局部腐蚀,13Cr油管钢在整个试验的温度区间表现出优秀的耐蚀性。     

The role of morphology and structure in the kinetic evolution of iron-sulfide films on Fe-base alloys

Sulfidation corrosion of 4130 steel in CH₃SH was studied in the temperature range 250–550°C. The rate of sulfidation attack was found to be a function of temperature and sulfur activity. Investigations of the corrosion process led to the proposal of two mechanisms of sulfidation, dependent on temperature. Cation diffusion through the iron sulfide corrosion product is the rate-determining step at higher temperatures (>370°C), while a surface reaction was identified as the rate-limiting step at lower temperatures. The corrosion scale has preferred orientation as determined by X-ray diffraction and morphological observations. The lower-temperature corrosion product is made up of columnar grains of pyrrhotite crystals with the c-axis aligned nearly perpendicular to the steel substrate. At high temperatures, a whisker morphology developed with the whiskers having variable texture with respect to the steel substrate. A preformed-surface-oxide layer on 4130 steel does not appear to significantly reduce sulfidation corrosion.