基于变分模态分解和ANFIS的齿轮故障诊断

针对齿轮振动信号的传递路径复杂,噪声污染严重,故障特征信息微弱等问题,提出了基于变分模态分解和自适应神经模糊推理系统(Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System,ANFIS)的故障诊断方法。将原始振动信号利用变分模态分解得到不同尺度的本征模态函数后,通过提取各模态函数的排列熵,构造出表征模态分量信息的特征向量,并将提取的特征向量输入自适应神经模糊推理系统进行训练,建立齿轮故障诊断模型。最后通过齿轮实验故障数据对模型进行验证,并与支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)识别方法进行对比,结果表明,提出方法具有很强的学习能力,能够有效地对齿轮故障进行诊断,提高故障识别的准确率,识别效果明显优于SVM。     

基于VMD与多特征融合的齿轮故障诊断方法

针对实际中工况复杂难以提取齿轮故障特征频率的问题,提出一种变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)与多特征融合的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先,对机械振动信号进行VMD分解并得到一系列的模态,其次,计算高频段的前4个模态的排列熵(Permutation Entropy,PE)和能量,最后,将排列熵和能量构成的高维特征向量作为最小二乘支持向量机(Least Squares Support Vector Machine,LS-SVM)的输入,对齿轮故障类型进行模式识别。试验结果表明:VMD可以较好地将复杂多分量信号各成分分开;排列熵和能量特征可以从不同尺度揭示齿轮故障信息;基于VMD与多特征融合的智能故障诊断方法识别精度高,可以为齿轮故障预警和严重程度提供参考。     

基于IFOA-SVM的轴承故障分类识别方法

为了更好地准确识别轴承故障特征非线性分类问题,提出了一种基于IFOA-SVM的故障分类识别方法.使用变分模态分解方法对轴承振动信号进行分解处理,以模态分量的模糊近似熵和能量熵构成故障特征向量;基于"一对一"策略拓展设计了OVO-SVM多分类器,构造多项式核函数和径向基核函数组合的混合核函数,使用IFOA算法对SVM分类...     

基于变分模态分解和符号熵的齿轮故障诊断方法

为提高齿轮的故障诊断效果,提出了基于变分模态分解(Variational Modal Decomposition,VMD)和符号熵(Symbol Entropy, SE)的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先,利用VMD对齿轮故障振动信号进行分解,得到若干个本征模态分量(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF);然后,计算IMF分量的符号熵,并将IMF符号熵组成齿轮故障特征向量;最后,将特征向量输入SVM进行故障诊断。齿轮故障诊断实测结果验证了该方法的有效性和优势。     

基于VMD能量熵与支持向量机的齿轮故障诊断

针对机械设备的齿轮运行受环境噪声影响严重以及难以获得大量故障样本的问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(Variational Mode Decomposition,VMD)能量熵特征与支持向量机相结合的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先是利用变分模态分解对机械振动信号进行处理得到若干个模态分量,同时利用传统的经验模态分解(EMD)对相同信号进行分解再对比两种方法的分解效果,然后计算变分模态分解各模态分量的能量熵作为特征值,最后将特征值作为支持向量机的输入进行故障诊断。实验结果表明VMD可以较好的将复杂的振动信号分解并且一定程度抑制模态混叠现象的发生,以VMD能量熵特征与支持向量机相结合的方法可以迅速、有效的实现齿轮的故障诊断。     

基于改进变分模态分解的齿轮点蚀故障诊断

针对齿轮点蚀故障特征难以提取的问题,提出了一种基于改进变分模态分解的齿轮点蚀故障诊断方法。利用经验模态分解自适应分解的特点,将各分量的能量占比作为有效分量的判断依据,并据此设定变分模态分解算法的模态个数,在此基础上,以变分模态分解分量的排列熵和最小值作为适应度函数,用遗传算法对惩罚因子进行搜索;根据所得结果设置变分模态分解参数,并对齿轮点蚀信号进行处理;筛选合适的本征模态函数进行包络调解,通过包络谱图分析齿轮点蚀故障的特征信息。对齿轮实验信号的分析表明,与现有方法相比,本文中提出的改进变分模态分解算法能够更加准确地识别出齿轮点蚀故障,在传动系统故障诊断方面具有一定实用价值。     

基于变分模态分解与随机森林的滚动轴承故障诊断CSCD

滚动轴承是常见机械设备的重要部件,其是否能正常运作,直接关联到设备生产的安全性以及效率的高低,因此,能够及时、准确地识别滚动轴承工作状态,显得至关重要。提出了一种阈值法确定变分模态分解中分解个数,该方法使得分解个数的确定更科学合理,同时提出基于变分模态分解和随机森林相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,该方法利用变分模态分解方法将滚动轴承振动信号分解成若干个固有模态函数,轴承发生不同故障时,不同的固有模态函数内的统计特征和频带能量会发生变化,从不同的固有模态函数中计算出其对应的均值、变异系数与能量熵等特征值,最后分别采用支持向量机和随机森林算法实现判断滚动轴承信号类型。结果表明,利用变分模态分解和随机森林相结合算法具有更高的识别精度,可以有效识别滚动轴承的故障类型。     

基于变分模态分解与随机森林的滚动轴承故障诊断

滚动轴承是常见机械设备的重要部件,其是否能正常运作,直接关联到设备生产的安全性以及效率的高低,因此,能够及时、准确地识别滚动轴承工作状态,显得至关重要。提出了一种阈值法确定变分模态分解中分解个数,该方法使得分解个数的确定更科学合理,同时提出基于变分模态分解和随机森林相结合的滚动轴承故障诊断方法,该方法利用变分模态分解方法将滚动轴承振动信号分解成若干个固有模态函数,轴承发生不同故障时,不同的固有模态函数内的统计特征和频带能量会发生变化,从不同的固有模态函数中计算出其对应的均值、变异系数与能量熵等特征值,最后分别采用支持向量机和随机森林算法实现判断滚动轴承信号类型。结果表明,利用变分模态分解和随机森林相结合算法具有更高的识别精度,可以有效识别滚动轴承的故障类型。     

变分模态分解消噪与核模糊C均值聚类相结合的滚动轴承故障识别方法

提出了一种变分模态分解消噪与核模糊C均值聚类相结合的滚动轴承故障识别方法。首先,对实测振动信号进行处理,得到VMD的参数;然后,对信号进行VMD分解,得到一系列限带内禀模态函数(BIMF)分量,筛选并叠加组成重构信号;第三步,计算重构信号的样本熵和均方根值作为特征向量,从而得到训练样本和测试样本的特征向量集;第四步,通过KFCM聚类方法对训练样本特征向量集进行聚类分析,得到四种类型信号的聚类中心;最后根据测试样本特征向量与训练样本聚类中心欧式距离最小的原则识别故障类型。此外,将振动信号用经验模态分解(EMD)方法进行消噪,再用KFCM聚类进行分类识别,将两种方法的识别效果进行对比,结果表明所提方法的故障识别效果要优于EMD消噪和KFCM聚类相结合方法的识别效果。     

基于变分模态分解与灰狼算法优化极限学习机的滚动轴承故障诊断

提出了基于变分模态分解(VMD)和灰狼算法优化极限学习机(GWO-ELM)的故障诊断方法。采用变分模态分解对轴承振动信号进行分解,计算分解后本征模态分量的模糊熵并构建多尺度特征向量,将其输入灰狼算法改进极限学习机中进行故障模式识别。通过西储大学滚动轴承故障数据分析了变分模态分解及模糊熵算法中的参数选择问题,并随该算法进行了噪声鲁棒性验证。滚动轴承现场故障数据的诊断结果以及与常规极限学习机(ELM)和多隐层极限学习机(M-ELM)的对比分析表明,GWO-ELM模型能够有效识别滚动轴承故障类型,而且具备较高的故障识别率和较快的诊断速度。     

VMD的AR模型和关联维数在齿轮故障特征提取中的应用

针对齿轮故障信号的非线性及常伴有大量噪声干扰的问题,提出一种基于变分模态分解(VMD)的自回归(AR)模型和关联维数相结合的故障特征提取方法.该方法采用VMD将齿轮振动信号分解为一系列固有模态函数(IMF),通过频域互相关系数准则选取对信号特征敏感的IMF分量进行信号重构,对重构信号建立AR模型,并以AR模型自回归参数...     

Impact fault detection of gearbox based on variational mode decomposition and coupled underdamped stochastic resonance

In the gear fault diagnosis, the emergence of periodic impulse components in vibration signals is an important symptom of gear failure. However, heavy background noise makes it difficult to extract the weak periodic impulse features. Therefore, the paper presents an impact fault detection method of gearbox by combining variational mode decomposition (VMD) with coupled underdamped stochastic resonance (CUSR) to extract the periodic impulse features. First, the adaptive VMD is presented to decompose the vibration signal into several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), which can automatically determine the appropriate mode number according to the correlation kurtosis (CK) of decomposition results and extract the sensitive IMF component containing the main fault information. Next, the adaptive CUSR method is developed to analyze the selected sensitive IMF component, and the optimal system parameters are obtained by the genetic algorithm using the CK index as optimization objective function. Finally, the periodic impulse features are extracted by the output signal of CUSR system accurately. Experiments and engineering application verify the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed adaptive VMD-CUSR method for extracting the periodic impulse features in gear fault diagnosis compared to other methods.     

基于加权排列熵和DE-ELM的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承振动信号非平稳非线性的特征,提出一种基于加权排列熵和差分进化算法优化极限学习机(DE-ELM)的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先利用自适应噪声的完全集合经验模态分解处理轴承振动信号得到固有模态函数(IMF),然后计算主要IMF分量的加权排列熵组成故障特征向量,最后利用差分优化算法(DE)优化极限学习机隐含层输入权值和偏置,并将故障特征向量作为DE-ELM的输入。实验证明,加权排列熵能够精确提取故障特征,DE-ELM算法能有效提高故障分类精度。与多种方法相比,该方法更加准确可靠。     

基于MCKD和改进HHT多尺度模糊熵的齿轮故障诊断方法

针对齿轮故障信号常伴有大量噪声,故障特征难以提取的问题,提出一种基于最大相关峭度解卷积(MCKD)和改进希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)多尺度模糊熵的故障诊断方法。首先采用MCKD算法对采集到的齿轮振动信号进行降噪处理,以提高信号的信噪比;然后利用自适应白噪声完备经验模态分解(CEEMDAN)对降噪后信号进行分解,获得一系列不同尺度的固有模态函数(IMF),并通过相关系数-能量的虚假IMF评价方法选取对故障敏感的模态分量;最后计算敏感IMF分量的模糊熵,将获得的原信号多尺度的模糊熵作为状态特征参数输入最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)中,对齿轮的故障类型进行诊断。实测信号的诊断结果表明,该方法可实现齿轮故障的有效诊断。     

Incipient fault feature extraction of rolling bearings based on the MVMD and Teager energy operator

Aiming at the problems that the incipient fault of rolling bearings is difficult to recognize and the number of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) decomposed by variational mode decomposition (VMD) must be set in advance and can not be adaptively selected, taking full advantages of the adaptive segmentation of scale spectrum and Teager energy operator (TEO) demodulation, a new method for early fault feature extraction of rolling bearings based on the modified VMD and Teager energy operator (MVMD-TEO) is proposed. Firstly, the vibration signal of rolling bearings is analyzed by adaptive scale space spectrum segmentation to obtain the spectrum segmentation support boundary, and then the number K of IMFs decomposed by VMD is adaptively determined. Secondly, the original vibration signal is adaptively decomposed into K IMFs, and the effective IMF components are extracted based on the correlation coefficient criterion. Finally, the Teager energy spectrum of the reconstructed signal of the effective IMF components is calculated by the TEO, and then the early fault features of rolling bearings are extracted to realize the fault identification and location. Comparative experiments of the proposed method and the existing fault feature extraction method based on Local Mean Decomposition and Teager energy operator (LMD-TEO) have been implemented using experimental data-sets and a measured data-set. The results of comparative experiments in three application cases show that the presented method can achieve a fairly or slightly better performance than LMD-TEO method, and the validity and feasibility of the proposed method are proved.     

Fault diagnosis method for rolling bearing based on VMD and improved SVM optimized by METLBO

Vibration signal processing and classification are critical for bearing fault diagnosis. In this study, a hybrid framework based on multi-envelopment teaching-learning-based optimization (METLBO) was proposed by combining parameters optimized variational mode decomposition (VMD) and improved support vector machines (ISVM). First, the average value of minimum enveloping entropy was considered the objective function of the optimizer, and the optimal parameters of VMD were obtained through METLBO optimization. Next, these optimal parameters were adopted to decompose the fault signal into intrinsic modal functions (IMFs). For ensuring fault feature robustness, the eigenvectors were formed by the energy and envelope entropy of IMFs. Finally, the ISVM model was established for training and testing by adding an input layer to the SVM to perform soft thresholding on input data. METLBO was adopted to determine the optimal soft threshold values of features and hyper-parameters of ISVM. The experimental comparison analysis revealed the effectiveness of the proposed method for bearing fault diagnosis.

     

EEMD与HMM在齿轮故障诊断方法中的研究

为了解决EMD方法存在的模态混叠的问题,更加精确有效的利用振动信号进行齿轮的故障识别和诊断,提出一种将总体平均经验模态分解(EEMD)和隐马尔科夫模型(HMM)结合的齿轮故障诊断方法。首先对采集到的原始齿轮振动信号进行EEMD处理,获得包含主要故障信息的各阶固有模态函数(IMF)分量,以能量为元素,提取并构造特征向量,对特征向量进行HMM模型训练和诊断测试,来识别齿轮的工作状态和故障类型,实验结果表明,该方法可以有效提高齿轮的故障诊断准确率和精度。     

基于电信号的改进VMD和DBN-DNN液压齿轮泵轮齿故障监测方法研究

液压系统电机电信号中包含丰富的系统运行状态信息,如何准确对电信号中的运行信息进行提取和分类是实现液压系统状态监测的关键。电机电流信号中蕴含的液压齿轮泵早期故障特征微弱,提取困难,用传统时频分析方法难以实现故障特征分离。本文提出基于相关系数和人工蜂群算法(Artificial bee colony,ABC)实现了对变分模态分解(Variational mode decomposition,VMD)参数的优化,同时以信号相关系数和峭度值最大为选取原则,确定有效的本征模态函数(Intrinsic mode function,IMF),并将IMF有效分量的排列熵和均方根值作为高维特征向量输入深度信念网络(Deep belief network,DBN-DNN),实现了对齿轮泵运行状态进行监测。结果表明,该方法能准确稳定地提取电流信号中携带的齿轮泵故障的微弱特征,进行齿轮泵运行状态监测,提高了齿轮故障诊断的准确性。     

改进蝙蝠算法优化支持向量机的故障诊断方法

提出了一种基于变分模态分解（VMD）和时移多尺度散布熵（TSMDE）的故障特征提取结合改进的蝙蝠算法（IBA）来优化支持向量机（SVM）的滚动轴承故障诊断方法。通过变分模态分解,避免了模式混叠问题,提取各模态分量的散布熵构造故障特征向量,作为故障诊断模型的输入;提出了一种新的自适应速度权重因子用于构建改进的蝙蝠算法以优化支持向量机（IBA-SVM）,实现了对不同故障类型的轴承进行分类;利用实验数据对提出的诊断方法进行验证,并与用粒子群算法（PSO）优化支持向量机（PSO-SVM）的诊断方法进行对比。结果表明所提出的方法分类准确率更高,用时更少。     

Early fault feature extraction of bearings based on Teager energy operator and optimal VMD

As the fault shock component in vibration signals is extremely sparse and weak, it is difficult to extract the fault features when large-scale, low-speed and heavy-duty mechanical equipment is in the early stage of failure. To solve this problem, an early fault feature extraction method based on the Teager energy operator, combined with optimal variational mode decomposition (VMD) is presented in this study. First, the Teager energy operator was used to strengthen the weak shock component of the original signal. Next, a logistic–sine complex chaotic mapping with variable dimensions was constructed to enhance the global search ability and convergence speed of the pigeon-inspired optimization (PIO) algorithm, which is named the variable dimension chaotic pigeon-inspired optimization (VDCPIO) algorithm. Then, the VDCPIO algorithm is used to search for the optimal combination value of key parameters of VMD. The enhanced vibration signal is decomposed into a set of intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) by the optimized VMD, and then kurtosis for every IMF and mean kurtosis of all IMFs are extracted. According to the average kurtosis, several IMFs, whose kurtosis value is greater than the average kurtosis value, are selected to reconstruct a new signal. Then, envelope spectrum analysis of the reconstructed signal is carried out to extract the early fault features. Finally, experimental verification of the method was performed using the simulated signal and measured signal from a rolling bearing; the experimental results indicate that the method presented in this paper is more effective to extract the early fault features of this kind of mechanical equipment.