射线跟踪法对室内MIMO信道容量分析

采用确定性传播预测模型——2维射线跟踪法分析了室内非视距传播环境中MIMO系统容量ccdfs。分析结果表明,在非视距的室内环境中实现MIMO系统容量增益所需要的散射环境是丰富的,天线阵的阵列结构如天线间隔是影响MIMO系统的主要因素。当天线之间的间隔为5λ时,MIMO 系统的容量非常接近Telatar分析的独立同分布瑞利信道容量。但当天线之间的间隔为0.5λ时,MIMO 系统容量显著降低,并且随着天线数目的增加,容量降低越显著。     

天线阵结构对非视距室内MIMO信道容量的影响

采用2维射线跟踪法分析了非视距室内环境中天线间隔、天线阵形对MIMO系统容量和互补累积分布函数(CCDF)的影响。结果表明随着天线间隔减小,MIMO系统容量降低。10%中断容量表明,天线间隔相同时,有独立同分布瑞利信道容量大于线性阵容量大于方阵容量或者圆形阵容量的关系。当天线间隔大于等于3 时,不同天线阵列阵形对容量影响非常小,此时i.i.d.瑞利信道理论容量几乎全部实现。当天线间隔小于等于1 时,天线阵列阵形对容量影响较大,矩形阵和圆形阵MIMO系统容量相差较小,但都显著小于线性阵列系统容量。在非视距的室内环境中,要实现最大的MIMO容量增益,设计天线阵列时应该对天线间隔和阵列阵形综合考虑。     

多天线系统中的天线选择技术

近年来，多天线系统(也称为MIMO系统)引起了人们很大的研究兴趣，它可以增加系统的容量，改进误比特率(BER)。然而，获得这些增益的代价是硬件的复杂度提高，无线系统前端的复杂度、体积和价格随着天线数目的增加而增加。使用天线选择技术，就可以在获得MIMO系统优势的同时降低成本。     

Rayleigh环境下MIMO系统容量分析

研究了多输入多输出(MIMO)系统Rayleigh衰落信道矩阵的特征值以及天线空间相关性对信道容量的影响.Monte-Carlo数值仿真结果表明:MIMO系统能极大提高Rayleigh衰落环境中的系统容量,且容量随最小收发天线数目的增加而线性增加,但由于相关性对信道矩阵特征值及其统计分布的影响较大,因此可导致MIMO系统容量的损失.     

MIMO系统容量的仿真分析

MIMO系统可以在不增加带宽的情况下成倍地提高通信系统的容量和频谱利用率,是新一代移动通信系统的关键技术。在简要介绍MIMO系统的工作原理及容量公式后,对不同信噪比、不同发射、接收天线数目情况下的系统容量进行了仿真分析。     

航空图像回传系统中MIMO信道的容量分析

多入多出技术同时采用多天线发射和多天线接收,能够大大提高无线通信系统的容量和频谱利用率。在空一地无线传输MIMO信道模型的基础上,讨论了在航空图像传输链路中应用MIMO系统的理论基础,结合数值模拟分析的方法对MIMO信道的平均容量和容量互补累积分布函数进行了分析。研究表明:在不相关Ricean信道中MIMO系统的容量随着天线数目的增加渐近线性增加;而在相关情况下渐近对数增加。     

固定阵列长度两发多收MIMO系统功率偏移分析

高信噪比情况下,功率偏移是信噪比-容量曲线中信噪比轴的截距,优化功率偏移参数有助于提高系统容量。该文采用固定阵列长度的均匀直线阵,通过拟合三对角特普利茨矩阵行列式曲线,分析了接收天线间相关性以及收发天线数目的最大值对于两发多收单用户MIMO系统功率偏移的影响,得出了给定天线阵列长度情况下,功率偏移极值点的基本公式。仿真结果表明,可以利用极值点公式选择合理的接收天线数目,实现最优功率偏移。     

基于MIMO系统的准正交空时分组码的容量分析

应用于MIMO系统的准正交空时分组码可以获得较大的容量,同时能够提供较低的误码率。文中比较了MIMO系统的准正交空时分组码的容量与SIMO系统的容量。结果显示,在低SNR和接收天线数少的情况下,应用于MIMO系统的准正交空时分组码会产生较大的容量增益,但随着SNR和天线数目的增加,容量增益越来越不明显。另外,文中比较了MIMO系统中准正交空时分组码和正交空时分组码的容量,仿真结果表明前者的容量明显高于后者。     

阵列布局对机载MIMO信道容量影响

为进一步提高空地(air-to-ground,ATG)下行通信容量,建立了三维基于散射体分布的ATG MIMO单跳同心椭圆环信道模型,结合机载多入多出（multiple input multiple output,MIMO）均匀线阵以及圆阵布局方案,推导了基于阵列结构分量的机载MIMO信道相关矩阵,为通过合理设计机载MIMO天线结构来提升ATG传输速率,分析了阵列结构参数对遍历容量的影响。仿真表明,受ATG远距离通信影响,需要扩大天线间隔来提高MIMO信道容量,且相比于线阵布局,圆阵布局更加适应飞行姿态变化,获得较高的信道容量。      

信道估计误差对Rayleigh衰落下多天线CDMA系统信道容量影响

目前对多天线信道容量的研究几乎都是集中在具有精确信道估计的假设上,但是它实现起来有一定的难度.在Walsh扩频地址码、多码检测和最大似然接收机的基础上,研究了Rayleigh衰落情况下信道估计误差对MIMO CDMA系统的影响.分析及仿真结果均表明:信道容量随着信道估计误差的增加迅速下降;对于N×N系统,在固定的信道估计误差和信噪比下容量和天线的数目呈线性关系,容量增加的斜率随信道估计误差的增大而减小.     

Antenna Array Structures Effect on Water-Filling Capacity of Indoor NLOS MIMO Channel

1 Introduction Digital communication using MI MO has recently e-merged as one of the most significant technical break-throughs in modern wireless communications .Foschini ,Telatar and others saythat the capacity can beincreasedlinearly with the mini mum antenna numbers of thetransmitter and receiver if the scattering environment isrich and there is no correlation between the antennapairs at the transmitter and the receiver[1 ~2]. Toachieve these capacities coding techniques such asBLAST an…     

基于射线跟踪法的73 GHz走廊环境MIMO信道特性研究

为了研究5G室内走廊环境的毫米波传输特性,通过射线跟踪仿真方法预测了室内走廊环境下73 GHz毫米波MIMO信道特性。介绍了实验的仿真环境和射线跟踪仿真预测的实验方法和具体参数设置。研究了室内走廊环境下73 GHz毫米波MIMO信道的路径损耗、RMS时延扩展和MIMO信道容量变化。发现了路径损耗斜率和RMS时延数值较小。研究MIMO容量随距离变化时发现,收发机沿走廊纵向方向中间处会产生容量峰值,主要是由于该处散射丰富,NLOS分量大。研究MIMO容量特性发现增大天线间距和增大天线阵列规模可以提升容量,但是采用4×64 Massive MIMO相对于采用4×4 MIMO时容量提升较为有限。实验证实了73 GHz毫米波MIMO可以用于室内走廊环境。     

阵元间距对室内MIMO系统信道容量的影响

引入散射体的随机分布模型,讨论了室内微微蜂窝4×4MIMO系统中接收端阵元间距对各子信道间衰落相关性及信道容量的影响.数值模拟结果说明在室内环境有丰富散射体存在且接收端放置天线的空间受限的情况下,阵元间距可做得很小（0.5λ）,便可以得到较大的信道容量,此时相关系数仅为0.1左右,对信道容量的影响很小.     

Channel Capacity of Multiple-Input Multiple-Output Systems for Optimal Antenna Spacing by Particle Swarm Optimizer

The geometrical shape of antenna arrays for maximizing the average channel capacity of the system in a multiple-input multiple-output link is investigated. The optimum element spacing of the transmitting antenna is also included. The frequency responses of transceiver antenna with different element spacing are computed by ray-tracing techniques, and the channel frequency response is further used to calculate corresponding channel capacity. The transmitter is set in the center of the indoor environment and the receivers are with uniform intervals distribution in the whole wooden table. Linear shaped array, L shaped array, T shaped array and rectangular shaped array with non-uniform inter-element spacing are investigated for both line-of-sight and non-LOS scenarios. The optimal element spacing of antenna for maximizing the channel capacity is searched by particle swarm optimizer. Numerical results have shown that our proposed method is effective for increasing average channel capacity. It is also found that L shaped array has the highest channel capacity and the improvement ratio for rectangular shaped array is the largest.     

Experimental Study on the Capacity of Compact MIMO Antennas for Portable Terminals

This paper presents the relationship between antenna structures and the performance of two kinds of compact MIMO antennas in order to find critical factors that affect the capacity of MIMO systems. The relationship between the channel capacity and some factors (antenna efficiency, mutual coupling, correlation) are analyzed based on experimental data under indoor Rayleigh fading environment. Antenna elements mounted in two different configurations (common and separated ground plane) with antenna spacing varying, were investigated at the frequency of 2.6 GHz band experimentally. The good characteristics in the case of separated ground plane show that the proposed antennas, even with small spacing, can still achieve high capacity to combat multipath fading and deliver higher data rates. It demonstrates that multiple antennas could be mounted onto small terminal devices without much loss of capacity. It is also found that mutual coupling has positive impact which could reduce channel correlation; negative effect which could degrade antenna efficiency. In the indoor multipath-rich environment, the negative effect is dominant.     

宽带车辆到车辆MIMO通信系统性能研究

基于二维（Two-Dimensional,2D）双环和三维（Three-Dimensional,3D）双圆柱体散射模型,在视距（Line-of-Sight,LOS）和非视距（Non-Line-of-Sight,NLOS）场景下,利用宽带2D和3D几何散射模型开展信道仿真,基于实现的MIMO信道矩阵,结合空-频区块编码（Space-Frequency Block Coding,SFBC）和正交频分复用（Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM）技术,研究了收发终端的移动速度、天线阵元间隔等对宽带车辆到车辆（Vehicle-to-Vehicle,V2V）多输入多输出（Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO）通信系统误码率（Bit Error Rate,BER）和信道容量的影响.结果表明:随着收发终端移动速度增大,信号衰减加快,宽带MIMO V2V通信系统的BER增大;随着收发端天线阵元间隔的增大,MIMO信道的相关性减小,通信系统的BER减小,MIMO信道的信道容量增大.文中研究方法和结论将对V2V MIMO系统性能分析有一定的指导意义.     

互耦效应对超大规模MIMO天线系统信道容量的影响

超大规模多输入多输出(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output,MIMO)天线系统是6G的关键技术,由于天线单元间距很小,多个天线单元的互耦效应是影响其性能的因素之一。建立了基于石墨烯基贴片天线阵列-子阵列架构的超大规模MIMO天线系统,推导出了互耦效应影响下的信道容量表达式。通过电磁场数值计算仿真了超大规模MIMO天线系统的信道容量,结果表明,在不考虑互耦效应时,超大规模MIMO天线系统的信道容量与子阵列天线单元数、子阵列数以及发射机功率正相关;在互耦效应的影响下,系统的信道容量降低,互耦效应的强弱与子阵列天线单元的间距有关,天线单元间间距越小,相邻天线间的互耦效应越明显,系统的信道容量越小。该仿真结果可以为6G中超大规模MIMO天线系统的设计提供参考。     

Body-Worn Distributed MIMO System

In this paper, we analyze the performance of novel wearable multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems, which consist of multiple electrotextile wearable antennas distributed at different locations on human clothing. For wearable applications, a semidirectional radiation pattern of the wearable patch antenna is preferred over an omnidirectional radiation of conventional dipole antennas to avoid unnecessary radiation exposure to the human body and radiation losses. Additionally, the spatial distribution of the antennas is not constrained as a typical handheld unit. Through theoretical modeling and simulation, the wearable MIMO system is shown to demonstrate a significantly higher channel capacity than a conventional system on a handheld platform (e.g., a compact dipole array or a single dipole), due to enhanced spatial diversity and antenna pattern diversity. The unique effects of antenna directivity and location on the MIMO system capacity are investigated in terms of antenna correlation and effective gain under different wireless channel models. The advantage of a wearable system over a conventional system was further confirmed by detailed physical modeling through the combination of full-wave electromagnetic and ray-tracing simulations. Finally, complex channel response matrices were measured to characterize the performance of a body-worn MIMO system in comparison with a reference full-size dipole antenna. The 319% improvement in 10% outage capacity for the body-worn system over the reference system made of a full-size dipole antenna is consistent with the 288% improvement projected by theoretical modeling and the average 300% improvement found in the physical simulation of two typical indoor scenarios.     

Indoor MIMO Channel Modeling by Rigorous GO/UTD-Based Ray Tracing

This paper presents a multiple-input-multiple- output (MIMO) channel model based on rigorous ray-tracing techniques, which is based on a full 3-D implementation of geometric optics and the uniform theory of diffraction (3-D GO/ UTD). Results obtained from measurements and simulations of the correlation matrix and capacity of a 2 times 2 MIMO system in specific indoor environments at a frequency of 2 GHz are presented. The channel capacity has been calculated for the different local areas considered in open- and office-area scenarios, starting from the measurements carried out there, as well as from the ray-tracing simulated channels. The rigorous and quantitative comparison between measurements and simulations shows that the model accuracy is sufficient for the analysis and design of the different aspects of the full MIMO system. The results from the ray-tracing model can also be used to extract general statistical characteristics and parameterize statistical models for different types of environments, without the need to carry out large and costly measurement campaigns. In addition, the measured data are used to study the impact of the channel on the achievable capacity of a 2 times 2 MIMO system in typical indoor scenarios at 2 GHz.