Sulfide Glass-Ceramic Electrolytes for All-Solid-State Lithium and Sodium Batteries

Sulfide glass-ceramic electrolytes with Li⁺ or Na⁺ ion conduction have been developed in last decade. High-temperature phases of Li₇P₃S₁₁ and cubic Na₃PS₄ are precipitated from mother glasses, and the obtained glass-ceramics show higher conductivity than the mother glasses. It is difficult to synthesize those high-temperature phases by conventional solid-state reaction, and glass electrolytes are thus important as a precursor for forming high-temperature phases. The highest conductivities at 25°C of 1.1 × 10⁻² S/cm for Li⁺ ion conductor (Li₇P₃S₁₁) and 7.4 × 10⁻⁴ S/cm for Na⁺ ion conductor (Na_3.06P_0.94Si_0.06S₄) are achieved in sulfide glass-ceramic electrolytes. All-solid-state batteries with sulfide glass-ceramic electrolytes were fabricated by cold press at room temperature. Sulfide electrolytes have favorable mechanical properties to form favorable solid–solid contacts in solid-state batteries by pressing without heat treatment. All-solid-state Li-In/S and Na-Sn/TiS₂ cells using sulfide glass-ceramic electrolytes operate as secondary batteries and exhibit good cycle performance at room temperature.     

锂二次电池中聚合物电解质及隔膜的研究进展

本文对锂二次电池中应用的聚合物电解质和隔膜作了概述。简要介绍了聚合物电解质、隔膜的种类和制备方法及其对电池性能的影响,以及聚合物电解质和隔膜的研究近况和应用前景。     

Issues and Challenges for Bulk-Type All-Solid-State Rechargeable Lithium Batteries using Sulfide Solid Electrolytes

As lithium rechargeable batteries are considered a potential candidate for large-scale energy storage applications in devices such as electric vehicles (EVs) and smart grids, their safety has become of prime concern. This calls for the need to replace the flammable organic liquid electrolyte (LE) with an inorganic solid electrolyte (SE), and thus, develop bulk-type all-solid-state lithium batteries (ASLBs), fabricated using a scalable process. Sulfide SEs are considered the most competitive candidate owing to their high conductivity at room temperature (10⁻³–10⁻² S cm⁻¹), which is comparable to that of LEs, and their ductility, which enables the fabrication of ASLBs simply using cold pressing. In the present review, issues and challenges to be faced for the fabrication of bulk-type ASLBs using sulfide SEs are presented and discussed, with a special focus on the development of SEs, compatibility of the electrode materials with SEs, and structure of the composite electrodes. Recent progress made with the aim of addressing the aforementioned issues and challenges is also presented, to provide an outlook on the future of SEs and ASLBs.     

Preparation and Characterization of Asymmetric Composite Polymer Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Polymer Batteries

Summary An asymmetric composite polymer electrolyte composed of porous polymer matrix which micro-porous layer based on the polyethylene acts as a support and submicro-porous layer is introduced on one side of the micro-porous layer through a coating process and ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate/LiPF₆ liquid solution occupying the pores has been prepared. The maximum ionic conductivity of this system was 7.0 × 10^-3 S/cm at the ambient temperature. The conductivity seems to be significantly affected by the uptake amount of liquid electrolyte within the matrix.     

锂离子电池纳米锂锰氧化物正极材料的研究进展

综述了近年来锂离子电池正极材料锂锰氧化物的研究现状,重点对锂锰氧化物的结构和性能的关系,尖晶石锂锰氧化物的制备以及其改性研究进行了阐述。     

一种新型电解质锂盐的合成技术进展

综述了锂离子电池电解质锂盐的最新研究成果,介绍了一种新型的电解质锂盐的合成方法,并对电化学氟化和普通的化学合成方法进行了比较,阐述了该锂盐合成方法的可能发展方向。     

锂离子电池用聚氧化乙烯电解质膜的阻抗性能研究

为研究聚氧化乙烯(PEO)电解质膜的最佳配方,探究双三氟甲磺酰亚胺锂(LiTFSI)在不同含量下对PEO阻抗性能的影响。结果表明:n(EO)∶n(Li⁺)为12∶1,PEO电解质膜在阻塞电池、锂对称电池以及全电池中均具有最低的阻抗值,说明其具有较高的离子电导率和较好的界面接触。经过全电池循环测试,证实最佳样品具有良好的循环性能和实际应用潜力。     

Spinel Electrodes for Lithium Batteries

This article gives a historical account of the development of spinel electrodes for rechargeable lithium batteries. Research in the late 1970s and early 1980s on high-temperature Li/Fe₃O₄ cells led to the evaluation of lithium spinels Li[B₂]X₄ at room temperature (B = metal cation). This work highlighted the importance of the [B₂]X₄ spinel framework as a host electrode structure and the ability to tailor the cell voltage by selection of various B cations. Examples of lithium-ion cells that operate with spinel anode/spinel cathode couples are provided. Particular attention is given to spinels within the solid-solution system Li_{1+ x} Mn_{2- x} O₄ (0 lessthan equal to x lessthan equal to 0.33).     

锂硫电池电解质的研究

文章综述了锂硫电池有机液态、凝胶聚合物和全固态电解质的研究进展;阐述了锂硫电池电解质现阶段研究工作中存在的问题,并展望了锂硫电池电解质未来的研究方向。     

聚合物锂离子电池的研究进展

介绍了聚合物电解质的开发过程、分类、导电机理和研究方法以及聚合物电解质存在的问题.综述分析了提高导电聚合物电解质离子电导率的途径,并讨论了今后聚合物电解质的发展方向.     

Novel Lithium Ion Batteries Based on a Tin Anode and on Manganese Oxide Cathodes

In this paper we report two innovative lithium ion batteries formed by the combination of a nanosized tin anode and a LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄ or a LiNi_0.33Co_0.33Mn_1.33O₂ cathode. The batteries have a very stable cycling response at a high rate of 1C with an excellent capacity delivery, i.e., 140 mAhg⁻¹ and 175 mAhg⁻¹, respectively. Estimated energy density values are of the order of 150 Whkg⁻¹ for both batteries.     

A Model for Degradation of Ceramic Electrolytes in Na-S Batteries

Ceramic electrolytes derived from β-alumina are cracked by electrolysis under certain conditions. Cracks form only when Na⁺ ions migrate through the ceramic and are converted to metallic Na, as in the charging of an Na-S battery. The origins of mechanical damage are postulated and examined. A plausible mechanism consists of ceramic dissolution at preexisting surface cracks; it depends on the interaction of capillarity, stress, and selective removal of electrolyte from crack tips by effluxing Na. Relative solute fluxes are calculated for each contributing process. The proposed model is shown to account for many of the experimental observations, most notably a threshold current density below which no degradation is apparent.     

锂离子电池正极材料尖晶石型锰酸锂的研究进展

尖晶石型锰酸锂能量密度高、成本低、无污染、安全性好、资源丰富,是最有发展潜力的锂离子电池正极材料之一。但是循环过程中容量衰减较快成为制约其发展的主要因素。结合笔者的研究工作,详细阐述了锰酸锂的各种制备方法及其优缺点,综述了近几年来在表面修饰和体相掺杂改性方面的研究进展。     

固体电解质在新型绿色环保电池中的应用

高能电池将在发展电子信息、新能源及环境保护等面向 2 1世纪的重大技术领域中具有举足轻重的地位和作用 ,固体电解质电池有很多的优点 ,对固体电解质在新型绿色环保电池中的应用进行了综述     

锂离子二次电池最新进展及评述

锂离子电池已广泛应用于移动电话、笔记本电脑等便携式电器中,深受广大用户的钟爱,在未来的电动汽车也有着非常好的应用前景,必将对未来人们的生活产生深刻的影响。锂离子电池的电容量及循环性能不断得到提高,容量更大、质量更轻、体积更小、厚度更薄、价格更低的锂离子电池不断地被推向市场。新的电极材料及电解质材料不断开发出来,它们具有容量大、价格低、无环境污染、使用安全等优点。分别对锂离子电池的正极材料、负极材料、电解质材料的发展历史及最新发展状况进行综述及评论。     

锂二次电池中的有机和高分子含氟材料

锂离子二次电池兼具高比能和高倍率特性,是目前最为理想的动力与储能电源体系。锂电池的发展主要依赖于电池关键材料的突破,而含氟材料因其结构稳定性好、安全性高而应用广泛。系统介绍了锂二次电池中涉及的溶剂和添加剂、隔膜和粘结剂等含氟材料,着重对其应用特点和研究现状等进行了总结,并对相关领域的发展方向进行了展望。     

锂离子电池正极材料的研究进展

锂离子电池以其优异的性能受到了许多研究者的关注,而正极材料是锂离子电池性能提高的关键所在.本文简述了锂离子电池的工作原理,主要介绍了几种不同类型锂离子电池正极材料的结构、性能特点、制备及改性方法,并对这些材料的研究方向作了进一步展望.     

锂离子电池新型负极材料的研究进展

锂离子电池作为一种电源应用很广泛,但是在应用中存在一些不足,选取电化学性能良好的正负极材料是提高和改善锂离子电池电化学性能最重要的因素。从新型碳材料、硅基负极材料、锡基负极材料三方面介绍了目前锂离子电池的研究状况,并展望了锂离子电池负极材料的发展趋势。     

锂离子电池中的含氟电极和电解质材料

绿色能源技术和低碳经济的发展对高性能锂离子电池提出了越来越高的要求。锂离子电池的发展主要依赖于电池材料的突破,而含氟材料因其结构稳定性好、安全性高而广泛应用。系统介绍了锂离子电池中涉及的含氟电极和电解质材料,着重对其应用特点和研究现状等进行了总结,并对锂电池相关含氟材料的发展方向进行了展望。