18Cr—2Mo铁素体不锈钢｛100｝面上相的沉淀

研究了１８Ｃｒ－２Ｍｏ钢的弱化机制，碳、氮、硫和钛等元素对｛１００｝面上沉淀的第二相的类型、形貌和分布特征的影响。这些元素的含量均较高时，析出大量大尺寸厚片状Ｔｉ２ＣＳ和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ）；含量较适中时，Ｔｉ２ＣＳ减少，θ－Ｆｅ３Ｃ和Ｍ２３Ｃ６细片弥散分布；钛含量较低，碳、氮含量较高时，主要沉淀相是厚片状Ｍ２３Ｃ６，加热后冷却时析出薄片状ε－Ｆｅ３Ｃ、Ｍ２３Ｃ６和Ｍ（Ｃ，Ｎ），发现这些相均可能含硫。     

HSHM铸造不锈钢的组织及其腐蚀行为

设计新型ＨＳＨＭ铸造不锈钢的化学成分，采用金相显微镜，Ｘ射线衍射仪和腐蚀试验，研究了该钢的组织及腐蚀行为，试验结果表明ＨＳＨＭ钢经１１５０℃固溶处理后，具有较好的耐稀盐酸蚀性能，较高的抗晶间腐蚀与抗点蚀性能。     

氮含量对Cr18Mn18N无磁不锈钢力学性能、磁导率和组织的影响

探讨了Ｃｒ１８Ｍｎ１８Ｎ无磁不锈钢中氮含量对钢的力学性能、磁导性能以及组织状态的影响，研究结果表明，Ｃｒ１８Ｍｎ１８Ｎ钢中氮含量大于０．３１％时，组织才为全奥氏体状态，该钢氮含量的最佳区间为０．４％￣０．６％。     

铬锰氮不锈钢在5%H2SO4水砂介质中的腐蚀磨损研究

铬锰氮不锈钢在５％Ｈ２ＳＯ４水砂介质中腐蚀磨损试验，结果表明，新型铸造铬锰氮不锈钢较１Ｃｒ１８Ｎｉ９Ｔｉ（１８－８）和０Ｃｒ１８１２Ｍｏ２Ｔｉ（Ｍｏ２Ｔｉ）钢具有更佳的抗腐蚀磨损性能。本文对腐蚀磨损过程中腐蚀与磨损的交互作用作了深入探讨，从而提出了腐蚀磨损条件下材料流失的判据。     

ZG06Cr13Ni4Mo钢化学成分与力学性能计算机多元回归分析

对ＺＧ０６Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４Ｍｏ钢力学性能的生产数据用计算机进行了多元回归，建立了显著性较高的回归模型，。用该模型可对ＺＧ０６Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４Ｍｏ钢铸件的力学性能进行预测，用于指导生产。     

25—20型铬镍奥氏体不锈钢的成分优化和组织性能研究

研究了碳，铬，铌对铬－镍奥氏体不锈钢在沸腾８ＮＨＮＯ３－０．４２ＭＦｅ＾３＋－０．８３ＭＳＯ＾２－４－１．３ＭＮａ＾＋介质中均匀腐蚀和晶间腐蚀的影响；提出了耐蚀材料００Ｃｒ２５Ｎｉ２０Ｎｂ的最佳成分，评价了敏化条件对００Ｃｒ２５Ｎｉ２０Ｎｂ冲击专访韧性，显微组织的影响。采用硝酸法（ＧＢ１２２３－７５Ｘ法）检验了敏化条件与晶间腐蚀行为的关系。结果表明，６５０℃是该钢析出Ｍ２３Ｃ６的最敏感温度，达到晶     

18Cr—2Mo铁素体钢的脆性及钛元素的作用

１８Ｃｒ－２Ｍｏ钢出脆性与钢中较多的碳，氮，硫间隙原子形成短程障碍有关；粗大的晶粒也是导致克脆性的原因，钢中加入钛元素，使｛１００｝面上析出有球化趋势的间隙相，从而降低了钢中自由碳，氮，硫原子含量，对提高韧性和低温下解理断裂应力具有一定的利用。     

新型铬锰氮不锈钢的抗气蚀性能

在磁致伸缩仪和转盘气蚀仪上测试了一类新型的铬锰不锈钢的抗气蚀性能，并Ｍｏｓｓｂａｕｅｒ谱分析了气蚀前后试样表层显微组织的变化。结果表明，铬锰氮双相（Ａ－Ｍ）不锈钢具有比目前水轮机轮及叶常用的ＺＧ０Ｃｒ１３Ｎｉ４－６Ｍｏ和ＺＧ０Ｃｒ１６Ｎｉ５Ｍｏ钢更高的抗气蚀性能，介稳奥氏体及其在气蚀过程中的组织变化是该类铬锰氮不锈钢具有的抗气蚀性能的重要原因。     

汽车发动机排气歧管用Fe_2Nb Laves相强化不锈钢的开发研究

介绍了汽车发动机排气歧管用Ｆｅ２ＮｂＬａｖｅｓ相强化不锈钢开发研究的思路、过程，分析了Ｎｂ、Ｍｏ对高温强度的影响及提高热疲劳特性与高温强度的关系，指出它的用途会越来越广阔。     

影响S—07不锈钢力学性能和冷加工性能的因素

本文利用实际生产结果和相关理论，主要从Ｍａ的控制和马氏体的转变方式分析了影响Ｓ－０７钢力学性能的因素，从冷却马氏和形变马氏体两方面，分析了影响Ｓ－０７钢轧性能的原因，认为Ｍａ点控制是Ｓ－０７钢生产最重要的因素。该钢马氏体的转变划变温转变兼等温转变，冷轧中形变马氏体的产生是免不了的。     

RH生产超低碳钢的关键控制技术研究

目前钢铁行业采用中薄板坯连铸机生产超低碳深冲钢有很多控制难点,针对济钢RH—ASP工艺路线生产超低碳深冲钢的技术难题逐一进行了分析研究。对钢水可浇铸性,碳、氧、氮的控制,提出了生产超低碳铝镇静钢时要减少RH处理氧气吹人量,造还原渣,保证纯脱气时间和对夹杂物改质来提高钢水的可浇注性,及保证超低的碳含量、合适的环流气体量、钢水中尽可能低的氧和硫等建议。     

特殊钢精炼中的脱氧及夹杂物控制

 特殊钢是针对客户提出的质量要求,钢厂不断改进工艺,逐步提高成分、尺寸精确度和洁净度的各类钢的总称。钢中总氧量 ［TO］是衡量钢洁净度的重要标识,对于不同的钢种,其控制要求也不尽相同。在脱氧精炼过程中,存在着脱氧元素-钢中溶解氧、钢-渣、钢液-夹杂物、钢液-耐火材料、渣-耐火材料的反应与平衡,对钢中夹杂物的数量、组成和形态具有重要影响。通过热力学计算,比较了不同脱氧剂的脱氧能力,并介绍了典型特殊钢种（轴承钢、弹簧钢、帘线钢、电工钢、易切削钢等）精炼过程中的脱氧及夹杂物控制,分析和讨论了不同脱氧元素与钢液、熔渣以及耐火材料之间的相互作用机制。     

热成形工艺参数对AC1500HS钢板性能的影响

以鞍钢热成形用钢ACl500HS为研究对象．采用热模拟试验机测定了ACl500HS的CCT曲线并模拟了热成形工艺,确定了ACl500HS钢热成形工艺参数：对钢板进行热成形汽车零件试制,结果表明,该钢热成形性良好,零件尺寸精度达到要求。抗拉强度达到1500MPa以上,满足汽车零件装车要求。     

Use of volume correlation model to calculate lifetime of end-of-life steel

Abstract

A new mathematical model for calculating the lifetime of steel on an annual basis, called the volume correlation model is presented. The model compares the quantities of scrap collection with the steel consumption as well as evaluates the time difference between the two data sets. The lifetime of steel was calculated for the collected end-of-life steel amounts. The calculations were performed by assuming a full recovery of the steel consumption or a non-re-circulated accumulated steel stock in society denoted the full and true lifetime of steel. Based on the volume correlation model, the lifetime of steel was calculated for the total steel, low alloyed and special steel, and stainless steel in Sweden between 1898 and 2010. Previous studies on the lifetime of steel are based on experimental measurements and numerical calculations. The full lifetime of the total amount of steel from previous studies is 31 and 35 years for the years 2000 and 2006 respectively. Based on the volume correlation model the lifetime for the total steel amount, when assuming a full recovery of the material, was calculated as 34 and 37 years for these two years. This indicates that the lifetime of steel from the volume correlation model is in a similar range, but slightly higher, compared to previously reported data. The present results show that the model could be an alternative method to calculate the lifetime of steel and other recyclable materials on an annual basis. Results show that the lifetime of the total steel amount has continuously increased between 1975 and 2010. This indicates that the accumulated steel stock in society is still large enough to withstand the high collection rate of steel scrap. Furthermore, that there are as yet no lack of untapped resource of end-of-life steel scrap assets in Swedish society.     

Nickel-aluminides/steel clad pipe fabricated by reactive centrifugal casting method from liquid aluminum and solid nickel

A novel method to produce an aluminide/steel clad pipe has been proposed. The method is based on a combination of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction and centrifugal casting, and is named the reactive centrifugal casting method. Nickel powder was placed on a rotating steel pipe, and aluminum liquid was poured into the steel pipe. The aluminum liquid and nickel powder exothermically reacted and produced a composite layer consisting of nickel aluminides on the inner surface of the steel pipe. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction melted the inner surface of the steel pipe and bonded the composite layer to the steel. It was found that increases in centrifugal force generated by rotating the steel pipe, the pouring temperature of the aluminum, and the preheating temperature of the nickel and steel remarkably promote the reaction between nickel and aluminum. In addition, the amounts of initial aluminum and nickel were found to play an important role in controlling the microstructure of the composite layer. Thus, the aluminide/steel clad pipe can be successfully fabricated by the proposed reactive centrifugal casting method.     

热连轧与可逆式轧制生产的X70管线钢的组织、性能的对比

对国内某钢铁公司采用热连轧机和可逆轧机所生产的X70管线钢进行了工业对比试验。结果表明,热连轧管线钢具有更高的屈服强度,而可逆轧制的管线钢则有更高的抗拉强度和低的屈强比。经研究认为,精轧过程中的道次间隔时间是造成力学性能差异的主要原因。     

09CuPTiRE钢耐候性能及腐蚀过程研究

通过浸渍干湿循环加速腐蚀试验 ,采用失重法测量年蚀率 ,SEM观察腐蚀产物的表面形貌和断面形貌 ,XRD测定腐蚀产物的物相组成 ,电化学阻抗谱仪测定锈层的交流阻抗谱 ,研究了0 9CuPTiRE耐候钢与Q2 3 5、鞍钢耐候钢和日本耐候钢三种参比钢的耐候性能及腐蚀过程 .结果表明 :0 9CuPTiRE钢的耐候性能显著优于Q2 3 5钢 ;Q2 3 5钢锈层为一层网状、疏松且有大量纵向交错裂纹和孔洞的锈层 ,而 0 9CuPTiRE及另两种耐候钢的锈层分内外两层 ,外层与Q2 3 5钢锈层相似 ,内层均匀、连续、致密 ;Q2 3 5钢的腐蚀过程受活化控制 ,即受控于金属离子进入溶液的速度 ,而0 9CuPTiRE钢的腐蚀过程既受活化控制 ,由于保护锈层的存在还受氧的扩散控制 .     

铁钢比变化对吨钢综合能耗影响分析方法

 在碳达峰、碳中和背景下,增加废钢消耗比例、降低铁钢比可直接影响钢铁企业吨钢综合能耗下降,是中国长流程钢铁企业能效提升、节能降碳的有效路径,已成为钢铁行业研究热点。首先结合长流程钢铁生产实际从热量平衡角度简要分析了降低铁水热量损失、提高废钢入炉温度、降低转炉出钢温度等降低铁钢比的主要途径和相应技术措施。为了完整量化分析铁钢比变化对钢铁企业吨钢综合能耗的影响,以钢铁企业系统节能原理为基础,在传统的铁前工序钢比系数、转炉炼钢工序能耗变化影响分析的基础上,增加了由于铁钢比变化导致吨钢余能回收对吨钢综合能耗的影响,并提出了铁钢比变化对长流程钢铁企业能耗影响定量分析方法。最后以若干钢铁企业实际数据为例进行了定量分析,在该案例条件下,铁钢比从基准期0.950降低至统计期0.790,铁前工序钢比系数、转炉炼钢工序能耗、吨钢余能回收三者变化分别影响吨钢综合能耗下降71.282 kgce/t、下降1.000 kgce/t、增加9.687 kgce/t,合计影响吨钢综合能耗下降62.595 kgce/t。该案例定量分析显示铁钢比平均每降低0.01,吨钢综合能耗下降3.912 kgce/t,铁钢比下降能够有效提升长流程钢铁企业吨钢综合能耗水平。     

Norican Steel ‐ An Assessment of the Archaeological Finds at the Magdalensberg Site,Carinthia, Compared to the “Celtic Trove” of Gründberg Hill,Linz

The analysis of Celtic steel products from depots found in the area north of the Danube has shown that their excellent properties are due to the choice of unalloyed or alloyed steel bars that were shaped by fire‐forging. Phosphorus was used as an alloying element, while carbon was added through carburizing of the workpiece. Was this forging technique also known to regions in the very heart of the Alps? Our analysis set out to find an answer to this question. The Celtic smiths in the inner Alpine regions used shaft furnaces to produce steel loops with numerous slag inclusions but very low contents of trace elements in the steel matrix. In a series of process steps in the smithy ‐ trimming the steel loop, forging into bars, “sheafing”, carburizing, hardening ‐ the steel properties demanded by the customers were achieved. Phosphorus was not deliberately employed as an alloying metal in the valleys of the Central Alps. The fact that the forging technique was tailored to the actual product appears to underlie the high quality of “Norican steel”.     

氮在非调质钢中的作用

了氮在非调质钢中所起的有益作用。在Ｎｂ,Ｖ,Ｔｉ三咱微合金化元素中,钒有较高的溶解度,钒有较高的溶解度,是非调质钢最常用也是最有效的强化元素。钒在钢中通过形成细小析出相起细化晶粒和沉淀强化作用。与碳相比,氮与钒有更强的亲和力,且氮化物更稳定,因此,氮对控制钒的析出起更重要的作用。大量研究结果表明,非调质钢中增氮改变了钒在相间的分布,促进Ｖ（Ｃ,Ｎ）析出,使析出相的颗粒尺寸明显减小。因而氮增强了非调