一种气动柔性手指的板弹簧骨架模型研究

介绍了一种以板弹簧作为骨架的气动柔性手指。该手指由气缸驱动板弹簧产生变形实现弯曲动作。在平面上,将板弹簧受力状态等效于自由端受变化的集中载荷和弯矩共同作用下产生大变形的弹性悬臂梁。对柔性手指的变形状态建立了静态模型,通过构造板弹簧变形的微分方程,结合柔性手指变形协调方程,采用网格法,利用Matlab软件进行求解,得出了不同气缸压力下,板弹簧长度方向上不同截面的变形与应力分布情况,为柔性手指的设计提供了理论模型与计算方法。     

一种变截面片弹簧骨架柔顺关节的变形研究

提出一种以变截面片弹簧为骨架的气动柔顺关节,可构成柔性自适应机械手。片弹簧的变形等效于自由端受特殊变载荷(方向和大小都随气缸内压力而变化)作用的弹性悬臂梁的大扰度变形。文中采用非线性变系数并带有未知参数的微分方程组建立静态模型,借助ode45和fmincon函数得到不同压力下片弹簧任意位置的转角位移、坐标位移的数值解,变载荷明确后利用ANSYS建模仿真验证模型与数值解法的正确性,最后与等截面片弹簧骨架关节进行对比,说明变截面片弹簧骨架关节具有柔性好、节省能源的优点。     

基于Matlab的板弹簧大变形状态和强度分析在SolidWorks上的参数化设计

文中涉及板弹簧悬臂梁自由端受到一个大小、方向不断发生变化的特殊变载荷作用下的大挠度变形问题,此种情况下板弹簧大变形状态与强度分析不能采用ANSYS,ABQUS等分析软件来完成,而是通过Matlab解耦合微分方程组来解决目标问题。结合VB,Matlab,SolidWorks,采用VB封装Matlab计算方法并集成到SolidWorks的方法,在SolidWorks上实现板弹簧大变形状态和强度分析,并实现板弹簧的参数化设计与出图。     

变载荷作用下柔顺关节变宽度片弹簧的变形分析

提出一种以变宽度片弹簧为骨架的气动柔顺关节,可构成柔性自适应机械手。片弹簧的变形等效于弹性悬臂梁自由端受特殊变载荷作用的大扰度变形。采用分段非线性变系数并带有未知参数的微分方程建立静态模型,借助MATLAB中的BVP4C函数得到不同压力下片弹簧任意位置的变形倾角、变形位移的数值解,变载荷明确后利用ANSYS建模仿真,验证结果的正确性。与等宽度片弹簧对比后说明,变宽度片弹簧骨架关节具有柔性好、节省能源的优点。     

基于气-热-固耦合的电动汽车变齿厚涡旋盘有限元分析

为了更准确全面地研究变齿厚涡旋盘实际运转时的应力应变情况,以某型涡旋压缩机为例,根据变齿厚型线方程几何理论,计算排气时刻各工作腔的容积,确定吸、排气工作腔的气体压力载荷以及进、排气工作温度载荷。采用Creo曲线方程建立精确的变齿厚涡旋盘模型,基于有限元理论和气-热-固间接耦合法,分析在气体压力载荷、温度载荷以及接触力载荷综合作用下动涡旋盘齿的应力及应变,并对比分析了不同载荷对轴向、径向变形的影响规律。得出相比于温度载荷,在气-热载荷作用下,涡旋盘齿的应力增大1.03倍,变形量增大75%。接触力载荷对涡旋齿的应力、总变形影响甚微。受载荷分布影响,随着渐开线展开角的展开,涡旋齿总变形量逐渐减小。     

包含残余应力信息的膜片弹簧弹性特性设计方法

研究了强化处理后的膜片（碟形）弹簧载荷变形关系的计算方法。首先,进行样件载荷变形关系的测试,而后,采用X射线应力仪检测样件的残余应力数值及分布规律。在此基础上,分析喷丸与强压处理对弹簧载荷变形关系的影响机理,发现载荷变形关系与喷丸和强压有关。最后,基于试验数据拟合,得到了基于Almen-Laszlo公式的修正公式和采用多种材料模型有限元法求解膜片（碟形）弹簧载荷变形关系的方法。      

基于动态载荷的天然气压缩机气缸有限元分析

通过SolidWorks对天然气压缩机气缸进行三维建模并简化,运用Simulink仿真计算得到脉动压力载荷,最后利用ANSYS Workbe nch进行有限元结构分析,确定气缸在动态循环过程中各种载荷作用下最大应力和变形部位,对其进行强度校核,并对相应部位提出结构改进策略。     

膜片弹簧的应力分析和疲劳寿命的计算

通过对膜片弹簧工作过程中应力－变形特性的分析,确定了材料疲劳破坏的起源点。同时,根据离合器膜片簧所承受的载荷特征及载荷循环的次数,运用数理统计方法和疲劳曲线方程,不仅描述了起源点的应力与循环次数σ－Ｎ曲线,而且计算出了膜片弹簧的应力衰减和安全使用寿命。     

刚度匹配对柴油机机体组载荷响应影响

以某种高强化机型柴油机的机体-气缸套-气缸垫-气缸盖组合结构为主要研究对象,采用量纲分析和有限元数值模拟的分析手段,给出了一种研究柴油机机体组中各部件间整体刚度变化对其载荷响应影响规律的分析方法,获得了柴油机机体组静力学载荷响应的主要控制参数,并从整体刚度层面以气缸盖和机体之间的刚度匹配为例,给出了两者弹性模量比对上述机体组应力、气缸套变形以及气缸垫密封压力等载荷相应的影响规律。     

分离指结构对膜片弹簧载荷变形特性的影响

研究了分离指结构对膜片弹簧载荷变形特性的影响。利用有限元软件求解膜片弹簧的载荷变形特性和应力变化云图,发现分离指根部窗孔结构影响膜片弹簧的载荷变形特性。对不同窗孔形式的膜片弹簧几何模型进行转化,采用三个转换参数取代不同窗孔形式的分离指结构参数。利用转化模型代替不同窗孔形式的膜片弹簧分析三个转换参数对膜片弹簧载荷变形特性的影响。研究发现了三个转换参数对膜片弹簧载荷变形特性的影响规律。研究结果可用于膜片弹簧设计。     

悬臂式柔性支撑柱面气膜密封力学性能研究

基于三维SolidWorks软件建立柱面气膜悬臂式柔性支撑结构模型,分析柔性支撑结构对柱面气膜密封结构稳定性的影响;采用单向流固耦合的仿真方法,研究悬臂支撑板厚度、支撑结构材料、悬臂支撑数量,以及气膜操作参数转速和压差,对悬臂式柔性支撑结构和浮环的最大变形、最大应力应变有影响。结果表明：随悬臂支撑板厚度增大,平均变形量和平均等效应力减小;随悬臂支撑板数量增加,最大变形量逐渐减小,最大等效应力先增大后减小;研究的铝合金、铍青铜、不锈钢及钛合金4种悬臂支撑板中,不锈钢材料悬臂支撑板的最大变形量最小,承受的最大等效应力最大;随着转速和压差的增加,悬臂支撑板最大变形量以及最大等效应力均逐渐增加。在研究范围内,柔性支撑结构可以减小浮环的变形量,浮环变形量小于最小气膜厚度,保证了密封结构稳定运行。     

Bending and vibration of a discontinuous beam with a curvic coupling under different axial forces

The transverse stiffness and vibration characteristics of discontinuous beams can significantly differ from those of continuous beams given that an abrupt change in stiffness may occur at the interface of the former. In this study, the equations for the deflection curve and vibration frequencies of a simply supported discontinuous beam under axial loads are derived analytically on the basis of boundary, continuity, and deformation compatibility conditions by using equivalent spring models. The equation for the deflection curve is solved using undetermined coefficient methods. The normal function of the transverse vibration equation is obtained by separating variables. The differential equations for the beam that consider moments of inertia, shearing effects, and gyroscopic moments are investigated using the transfer matrix method. The deflection and vibration frequencies of the discontinuous beam are studied under different axial loads and connection spring stiffness. Results show that deflection decreases and vibration frequencies increase exponentially with increasing connection spring stiffness. Moreover, both variables remain steady when connection spring stiffness reaches a considerable value. Lastly, an experimental study is conducted to investigate the vibration characteristics of a discontinuous beam with a curvic coupling, and the results exhibit a good match with the proposed model.

     

一种微开关悬臂梁的静力变形分析模型及其应用

建立一种微开关悬臂梁的静力变形分析模型,该模型将微开关悬臂梁的受力变形分为三个阶段,受电场力作用的悬臂梁阶段,受电场力作用的一端固支、另一端铰支的单跨梁阶段以及受电场力和集中力联合作用而保持自由端有指定的位移和零转角阶段。第二阶段中铰支端支反力的大小以及第三阶段中集中力的大小和作用位置均与电场力的驱动电压有关;同时文中将求解微开关悬臂梁挠度的高阶微分方程问题转化为含有未知初始条件的一阶微分方程组问题。在实例中,设计一种求解未知初始条件的迭代方法,并给出部分计算结果,从中可得出一些有益的结论。     

Bending and vibration of circular cylindrical beams with arbitrary radial nonhomogeneity

This paper presents a new approach for analyzing transverse bending and vibration of circular cylindrical beams with radial nonhomogeneity. The radial nonhomogeneity may be continuous or piecewise-constant, corresponding a functionally graded circular cylinder or a multi-layered circular cylinder, respectively. Different from the Euler-Bernoulli and Timoshenko theories of beams, our analysis considers shear deformation, but does not need to introduce a shear correction factor. Using the shear-stress-free condition at the surface of the cylinder, coupled governing equations for deflection and rotation angle are derived, and then converted to a single governing equation. The influences of gradient index on the deflection and stress distribution for cantilever and simply-supported beams are studied. Natural frequencies of free vibration of a cylindrical beam with circular cross-section are calculated for different power-law gradients. In particular, a circular cylindrical shell may be taken as a special case of a bi-layered cylinder where the material properties of the inmost cylinder vanish. For this case, the natural frequencies for simply-supported and clamped-clamped cylindrical shells are evaluated and compared with those using three-dimensional theory. Our results coincide well with the previous.     

液压缸活塞变间隙密封结构形状研究

变间隙密封液压缸的核心部位是活塞唇边,间隙的变化主要体现在活塞唇边变形上。应用弹性力学中悬臂梁结构的应力函数解对唇边变形进行理论分析,推导出了唇边变形公式。利用有限元软件仿真模拟不同的唇边结构在不同压力工况下的变形情况,找到了变间隙密封活塞唇边变形特点和影响因素。比较了实验测试变间隙密封液压缸内泄漏量与理论变形曲线计算的泄漏量,结果显示两者误差在允许范围内,证实了仿真的正确性。     

Explicit solution to the large deformation of a cantilever beam under point load at the free tip using the variational iteration method-II

This study focuses on a new analytical method called the variational iteration method-II (VIM-II) for the differential equation of the large deformation of a cantilever beam under point load at the free tip. The rotation angles as well as the horizontal and vertical displacements of a cantilever beam with large deformation are calculated in an explicit analytical form. A comparison of the results with those of some numerical and analytical methods shows the simplicity and effectiveness of VIM-II. VIM-II is proven to be a powerful technique that can be used to obtain accurate solutions that cannot be provided otherwise by perturbation and other methods. The accuracy and convergence of the method are also investigated and compared with those of other methods. The results showed good agreement between VIM-II and other methods.     

利用传递矩阵法对阶梯悬臂梁的裂纹参数识别

基于Bernoulli-Euler梁振动理论,以等效弹簧模拟裂纹引起的局部软化效应,利用传递矩阵法推导阶梯悬臂梁振动频率的特征方程,对于含多个裂纹以及复杂边界条件的阶梯梁,仅需求解4×4的行列式即可获得相应的频率特征方程。直接利用该特征方程,提出两种有效估计裂纹参数的方法———等值线法和目标函数最小化法,并应用两段阶梯悬臂梁的数值算例说明方法的有效性。算例结果表明,只需结构前三阶频率即可识别裂纹位置和深度。应用“零设置”可减小计算频率与理论频率不相等对识别结果的影响。等值线法可以直观给出裂纹位置和裂纹深度参数,目标函数最小化法可给出最优的裂纹参数结果,并且该方法可推广应用到含多个裂纹复杂梁(如非完全固支、弹性支撑等)结构的裂纹参数识别中。     

悬臂梁裂纹参数的识别方法

以梁振动理论作为基础 ,将含裂纹梁的振动问题转化为由弹性铰联接两个弹性梁系统的振动问题 ,得到理论计算含裂纹梁振动频率的特征方程。由此特征方程计算得到裂纹深度参数和位置参数变化时悬臂梁振动固有频率的变化规律。利用计算裂纹悬臂梁振动固有频率的特征方程 ,提出一种辩识裂纹深度和位置参数的数值计算方法。并通过对模拟悬臂梁裂纹的分析说明文中方法的有效性。     

Pseudo-rigid-body model for corrugated cantilever beam used in compliant mechanisms

Common compliant joints generally have limited range of motion, reduced fatigue life and high stress concentration. To overcome these shortcomings, periodically corrugated cantilever beam is applied to design compliant joints. Basic corrugated beam unit is modeled by using pseudo-rigid-body method. The trajectory and deformation behavior of periodically corrugated cantilever beam are estimated by the transformation of coordinate and superposition of the deformation of corrugated beam units. Finite element analysis（FEA） is carried out on corrugated cantilever beam to estimate the accuracy of the pseudo-rigid-body model. Results show that the kinetostatic behaviors obtained by this method, which has a relative error less than 6%, has good applicability and corrugated cantilever beam has the characteristics of a large range of motion and high mechanical strength. The corrugated cantilever beam is then applied to design a flexible rotational joint to obtain a larger angle output. The paper proposes a pseudo-rigid-body model for corrugated cantilever beam and designed a flexible rotational joint with large angle output.     

动质量对悬臂梁振动抑制的数值分析和实验研究

在简谐激励下,实验研究端部动质量对悬臂梁共振响应的抑制能力,发现抑振效果与质量位置和质量比有直接关系,动质量和梁的高频碰撞振动现象。提出包含碰撞效应的数学模型,用振型叠加法,将耦合的非线性偏微分方程变为时变非线性微分方程。计算无量纲梁端部位移和碰撞力。结果显示,提出的模型基本上描述了系统的动态特性,在一定程度上理论和实验结果是一致的。