最优鲁棒容错控制新方法及其在飞行控制中的应用*

本文研究了一类参数不确定且传感器失效的多变量系统的容错控制问题，提出了一种基于模型参数的最优鲁棒容错控制器新的设计方法，该方法可用于解决部分传感器失效时的最优容错控制，并给出了某国产飞机纵向飞行控制的仿真结果。     

设备故障容错控制专家系统及应用

本文将故障诊断与容错技术相结合，设计了一种对设备故障能进行自动监测、诊断和容错控制的专家系统。重点介绍该专家系统的结构特点，知识获取和组织，故障容错控制策略及实现方法。最后给出了一个应用实例。     

非线性动态系统的容错控制

首先概要介绍了非线性动态系统容错控制技术的发展现状;然后分类介绍了几种非线性系统的容错控制技术,重点分析了基于人工智能和参数估计的主动容错控制方法和基于Hamilton-Jacobi方程的非线性被动容错控制设计方法。对于其它的方法,则简要讨论了它们的适用范围和优缺点;并探讨了该领域的难点问题和可能的研究方向。     

时滞不确定系统的鲁棒容错控制

本文考虑了线性时滞系统的容错控制问题，给出了时滞系统对传感器失效具有完整性的一个充分条件，并推广到执行器失效的情况，进而考虑了参数不确定系统的鲁棒容错控制问题，给出了鲁棒容错控制时滞系统的设计方法及步骤，并用设计实例及仿真结果验证了这种方法的有效性．     

非线性系统主动容错控制综述

以故障发生部位为分类视角,分别从传感器故障、执行器故障及其他部件故障3个方面,较为详细地对近5年非线性系统主动容错控制的研究进展情况进行了归纳和总结,重点讨论了执行器故障的容错控制问题,并对所存在的问题与未来的发展趋势进行了探讨。     

多变量系统故障诊断和容错控制新方法及其在精馏过程中的应用

本文提出一种多变量系统的故障诊断和容错控制新方法，整个系统由四个神经元组成。将本文方法用于二元精馏塔顶和塔底组分的容错控制，仿真结果证实了本文方法的有效性。该方法可望在难以建模的复杂化工过程中得到应用。     

含控制时滞系统的实时故障诊断和最优容错控制

研究含有控制时滞的线性系统的故障诊断方法和最优容错控制问题.给出了最优容错控制律的存在唯一性条件,提出了最优容错控制律的设计算法.通过构造增广的降维状态观测器,设计了在线诊断故障的故障诊断器并同时实现了系统状态的观测,解决了最优容错控制的物理不可实现问题.利用观测器的输出得到物理可实现的动态最优容错控制律.仿真实例验证了故障诊断方法和动态最优容错控制律的有效性.     

动态系统的故障检测与容错控制

本文详尽地论述了各种容错控制方法,讨论了动态系统的各种故障检测技术及系统重构技术。     

非线性系统故障诊断与容错控制技术

在分析非线性系统故障诊断与容错控制技术特点的基础上,研究了该技术在国内外的研究进展和主要方法.同时,比较了几种常见故障诊断和容错控制方法的特点.最后总结了非线性系统故障诊断与容错控制领域亟待解决的几个重点和难点问题,并对该研究领域的发展趋势进行了展望.     

非线性奇异系统的故障诊断与容错控制

本文针对一类非线性奇异系统进行了故障诊断与容错控制研究。首先通过设计观测器来观测系统的状态和故障,然后通过矩阵运算来消除故障,实现系统的容错控制。     

基于神经网络的非线性系统故障检测及容错控制方法

利用神经网络的非线性建模能力，提出了一种非线性系统的故障检测及容错控制方法。在本方法中，首先应用神经网络设计故障估计器，在线估计系统故障向量，实现故障检测；在此基础上，引入补偿控制器，消除故障对系统运行的影响，从而实现容错控制。同时基于Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ方法进行了稳定性分析。     

A ROBUST SENSOR FAULT TOLERANT CONTROL SCHEME IMPLEMENTED ON A CRANE

This paper presents a sensor fault tolerant control scheme applied to a crane system. Sensor faults affect the system's performance in the closed‐loop when the faulty sensor readings are used to generate the control input. In this paper, the measured outputs are separated into potentially faulty and nonfaulty components, and the latter are injected into a linear observer to reconstruct the faults. The reconstruction is subtracted from the faulty sensors to form a compensated ‘virtual sensor’ and this signal is then used to generate the control input. A design method for the observer is also presented in which the reconstruction signal is made as insensitive as possible to any uncertainties or nonlinearities present in the system. Good results have been obtained; with reduced performance degradation during faulty conditions.     

FAULT TOLERANT CONTROL SYSTEM: QFT DESIGN

This paper addresses flight control system synthesis and the accommodation of controlled plant variation in an aircraft design envelope by using the frequency domain based quantitative feedback theory (QFT) robust control system design method. Plant variations considered include varying flight conditions in the flight envelope and damage to aerodynamic control surfaces. A robust flight control system is designed for the aircraft's longitudinal and lateral directional channels and validated with simulations containing nonlinear saturation elements. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. This paper was produced under the auspices of the US Government and it is therefore not subject to copyright in the US.     

一种用于容错计算机系统整体验证的故障注入试验策略

故障注入是一种有效的用于容错计算机系统验证的技术。分析了系统的层次分解模型在故障注入试验中的作用。提出一种基于动态故障树的容错系统分解模型MBDT,着重讨论利用这种模型产生故障注入试验属性集的方法,最终形成一种对容错计算机系统进行整体验证的故障注入试验策略。这种试验策略已经应用于研制的硬件故障注入器HFI－3中,并对一个航天容错计算机进行了验证,实验结果表明了这种策略的有效性。     

一个并行容错局网的设计与实现研究

为同时改善ＬＡＮ的可靠性的传输性能，本文提出了并行容错网络概念，实现了一种带有双传输子网的并行容错局网（Ｐ－ＦＴＬＡＮ）。给出了其功能模式和技术特征，并就其中所涉及的关键技术做了简要介绍。分析表明，本文提出的方法不但为解决ＬＡＮ可靠性提供了一种有效途径，而且对ＬＡＮ的性能有很大的改善。     

Kalman滤波的抗野值修正

分析了动态测量系统中异常数据对Ｋａｌｍ ａｎ 滤波的不利影响．提出了一组具有良好容错能力的修正型滤波算法．该滤波算法既可以充分利用正常新息确保滤波的精度,又可以有效拟制异常新息的不利影响提高滤波估计可靠性,达到对故障数据的容错能力．最后,通过仿真计算验证了该算法的有效性．     

ROBUST FAULT‐TOLERANT CONTROL FOR A CLASS OF SWITCHED NONLINEAR SYSTEMS IN LOWER TRIANGULAR FORM

This paper investigates the problem of robust fault‐tolerant control for a class of uncertain switched nonlinear systems in lower triangular form. A system of this class involves parameter uncertainties and unknown nonlinear disturbances. A sufficient condition for the problem to be solvable under arbitrary switching is given in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). State feedback controllers of subsystems are designed by using the solutions to the matrix inequalities to guarantee global asymptotic stability of the closed‐loop systems in presence of actuator failures and under arbitrary switching. A practical system of hybrid haptic display is analyzed to demonstrate the proposed design method.     

现代控制理论在火电厂热工过程控制中的应用

控制理论和计算机技术的发展,大大促进了过程控制技术的提高,现代控制理论正在火电厂热工过程控制中得到实际应用.本文概述了最优控制、预测控制、状态反馈控制、不确定性控制等在火电厂热工过程控制中的研究和应用现状,并对今后的发展方向作了简单的预测.     

DECLARATIVE SPECIFICATION OF FAULT TOLERANT AUCTION PROTOCOLS: THE ENGLISH AUCTION CASE STUDY

Auction mechanisms are nowadays widely used in electronic commerce Web sites for buying and selling items among different users. The increasing importance of auction protocols in the negotiation phase is not limited to online marketplaces. In fact, the wide applicability of auctions as resource‐allocation and negotiation mechanisms have also led to a great deal of interest in auctions within the agent community. A challenging issue for agents operating in open Multiagent Systems (such as the emerging semantic Web infrastructure) concerns the specification of declarative communication rules which could be published and shared allowing agents to dynamically engage well‐known and trusted negotiation protocols. To cope with real‐world applications, these rules should also specify fault tolerant patterns of interaction, enabling negotiating agents to interact with each other tolerating failures, for instance terminating an auction process even if some bidding agents dynamically crash. In this paper, we propose an approach to specify fault tolerant auction protocols in open and dynamic environments by means of communication rules dealing with crash failures of agents. We illustrate these concepts considering a case study about the specification of an English Auction protocol which tolerate crashes of bidding agents and we discuss its properties.