高浓度料浆中纳米氧化铈颗粒粒度分布的测量

提出了采用聚电解质原溶液稀释高浓度料浆,再进行粒度分布测量的方法,并基于扩展DLVO理论和动态光散射测量粒度分布的基本原理进行了分析。研究表明,浓度高达20%(质量分数)以上的纳米氧化铈料浆采用原溶液稀释至5%(质量分数)以下料浆后,可间接地获得其中纳米颗粒的粒度分布,且其结果与直接制备的相近浓度料浆的测量结果、透射电镜直接测量结果吻合良好。原溶液稀释技术,对纳米颗粒间的双电层相互作用力和颗粒分散状态扰动小,可有效提高纳米颗粒粒度分布测量的浓度上限,对研究高浓度料浆中纳米颗粒的粒度分布和聚集-分散状态具有重要意义。     

钢中稳定氧化物夹杂激光粒度分析方法

介绍了采用英国马尔文仪器有限公司生产的MASTERSIZER2000型的激光粒度分析仪，应用激光衍射法（LALLS，又称小角激光光散射法）的原理。测定经电解提取出的稳定氧化物夹杂粒度大小，其测量的粒径范围：0．02—2000微米。通过测定可以得到不同大小粒度的体积百分数、数量百分数和比表面积百分数。     

激光法粉体粒度分析技术探讨

对激光法分析粒度分布的基本原理、优缺点、以及适用范围进行了概述,同时介绍了单纯利用动态光散射(DLS)技术以及将动态光散射与单颗粒光传感器(SPOS)相结合的两种新型激光粉体粒度分析方法的原理、特点及应用,并对激光粒度分析技术的应用现状、面临的问题和发展趋势进行了分析。     

FAM激光测粒仪及其应用

本文根据颗粒的光散射原理,提出了综合应用Fraunhofer衍射理论和Mie散射理论的FAM激光测粒仪。在讨论工作原理的基础上,文章给出了激光测粒仪对各种粉末颗粒和液滴样品所做的测量结果。实测表明:所研制的FAM激光测粒仪具有测量精度高,应用范围广等特点,适用于各种两相介质中的粉末粒度和液滴大小的测量。     

库尔特激光粒度分布仪在测定钽铌复合物粒度分布中的应用

文章介绍了应用库尔特激光粒度分布仪测定钽铌复合物粒度分布的方法。钽铌复合物颗粒均匀分散在二次去离子水中,以一定的流速通过激光束。衍射光经透镜被光电探测器接收转化为电信号,由此测出颗粒的粒度分布,并讨论了应用中的经验。该方法容易建立,精密度高,能够给出多种粒度分布结果以及参数,非常适合生产过程中的应用。     

聚苯胺/氧化铈复合微粉的制备及表征

以硝酸铈与柠檬酸为主要原料,在65℃的恒温槽中反应24 h,在120℃干燥箱中干燥2 h,在500℃的马弗炉中焙烧2 h,制备成氧化铈粉末。通过化学合成法制备了聚苯胺/氧化铈复合粒子。用激光粒度仪表征了氧化铈粉体与聚苯胺/氧化铈复合粒子的体积百分比与粒径的正态分布,用SEM表征了氧化铈粉体与聚苯胺/氧化铈复合粒子的形貌。结果发现,氧化铈粉体为不规则颗粒,其粒径呈正态分布规律;聚苯胺/氧化铈复合粒子的形貌不规则,体积分数与粒径表现为多个分布峰。     

微米CeO2的细化及其悬浮液的分散稳定性研究

首先使微米CeO2在乙醇中球磨分散,然后向悬浮液中加入一定量去离子水,最后对悬浮液进行超声分散,使用这种方法制备出了分散稳定性较好的微米CeO2悬浮液,探讨了其增强微米CeO2分散稳定性的机制。结果表明:微米CeO2以不同方式分散时在不同比例醇水混合介质中的分散行为各不相同;微米CeO2在纯乙醇中的球磨分散性能最好,其起始分散率可以达到80%左右,而在醇水混合介质中的超声分散性能比在纯乙醇或纯水中的超声分散性能要好,但其起始分散率不高,只能达到20%左右。球磨后加水再超声分散的方法可以显著地提高微米CeO2悬浮液体系的分散性能,其中加入去离子水的最佳体积分数为40%,最佳超声时间为15 min。球磨后加水再超声分散的方法可以进一步打破微米CeO2粉体颗粒间的团聚,使粉体粒径得到进一步的细化,由于去离子水的加入悬浮液体系的表面电位得到了较大提高,乙醇水合团簇的形成使颗粒周围的溶剂化膜变厚。     

电爆炸法制备金属Cu纳米粉末

本文研究了利用超细金属粉制备系统,采用电爆炸法制备金属Cu纳米粉,并对产物进行了X射线衍射分析(XRD)及透射电镜分析(TEM).实验结果表明:粒度分布均匀,颗粒尺寸小,超细金属粉体纯度高.Cu纳米粉的粒度分布40～100 nm,平均粒径为60 nm.     

高纯三氧化钼激光粒度分布的测定与分析

用扫描电镜观察了高纯三氧化钼的形貌，高纯三氧化钼是长条状的单颗粒聚集成的团聚体。用激光粒度仪的干法测定了高纯三氧化钼团聚体的激光粒度分布，用水作分散剂测定了高纯三氧化钼分散体的激光粒度分布，结果表明高纯三氧化钼的激光粒度分布值与电镜测量的颗粒及颗粒团尺寸一致，这样的测试方法能全面正确地反映高纯三氧化钼粒度的特征。讨论了高纯三氧化钼激光粒度分布对后续的还原过程及钼粉质量的影响。     

超细钨粉的粒度表征

为了对供给态和研磨态超细钨粉的颗粒粒度进行表征,将供给态粉和研磨态粉由激光衍射法、FSSS法和BET法测量出颗粒粒度。实验结果表明:利用激光衍射法和FSSS法所测量出来的供给态粉和研磨态粉的粒度结果是错误的,这是因为测量系统存在缺陷和测量原理不合适所致。可以使用吸附等温线来获得表面粗糙度的分数维维数D和微孔的表面积S_t,且用D和S_t来修正d_(BET)的计算公式。在本实验中,使用修正公式得到的4种粉末的平均粒度值与扫描电镜的观测值相一致。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.