New model of screening kinetics

An understanding of screening requires a knowledge of screening kinetics. The new model of screening kinetics presented in this paper is theoretically described and experimentally proven. Samples of different raw materials, different in their density, bulk density, particle size distribution and particle shape, were used.The conducted experiments confirmed that the new model of screening kinetics successfully describes the process of screening of various raw materials even when they are exposed to a range of factors that most influence the screening process (dimensions of the screen, particle size distribution of raw materials, particle shape, and thickness of the bed on the screen).The advantage of this model of screening kinetics lies in its simplicity as it is characterized by the fact that it has only one parameter, i.e., (k) - the screening rate constant, which is experimentally measured. This constant can be measured on the basis of a single screening experiment. This fact is very significant for practical applications of the model to an industrial screen.     

DEM simulation of particle flow on a multi-deck banana screen

Banana screen is an important innovation in screening process in the past decades to improve screen capacity. Although, it is increasingly employed in the mineral industry, the control and optimisation are still limited due to the lack of fundamental understandings of the process. This paper presents a numerical study of the particle flow on a banana screen at a particle scale by means of Discrete Element Method (DEM). Typical 3-deck and 5-deck banana screens are simulated. The effects of operational conditions and geometry on the screen performance are studied by a series of controlled numerical experiments. The results are analysed in terms of partition curves, distributions of percentage passing and other flow information, such as particle volume and velocities along the screen deck. They are useful to the development of a better understanding and the control of banana screening processes.     

变振幅等厚筛分过程物料透筛行为及分布研究

基于三维离散元法(DEM)对新型变振幅等厚筛6 mm筛分过程进行仿真研究。采用分段分析方法,以可能偏差Epm为主要评价指标,调节筛面结构,揭示筛分性能对筛面参数的响应规律。结果表明,在稳态等厚筛分过程中,当尺寸梯度D=1.0 mm、筛孔尺寸均值为7.5 mm、开孔率组合为35%-35%-40%时,分配粒度最接近6 mm,且其可能偏差最小(Epm=0.873 mm),筛分效果达到最佳。本研究通过探索变振幅等厚筛筛面结构,调控物料透筛行为,提升等厚筛分效果,对选煤用变振幅等厚筛设计和优化具有一定的借鉴意义。     

筛分过程中颗粒运动的非线性特性研究

利用振动筛与颗粒之间关系的运动学模型,导出颗粒运动的周期性条件;然后利用Poincaré映射方法,推导出颗粒的运动对周期运动的扰动方程;最后对振动筛分过程中颗粒运动特性进行了数值计算研究,得出了筛面上颗粒运动是经周期分叉和概周期分叉通向混沌的演化过程.在筛分机正常的工作参数范围内,筛面上颗粒运动不存在周期运动、概周期运动,只存在混沌运动.     

基于ADAMS的振动筛上单颗粒物料筛分效率的研究

利用ADAMS软件对单颗粒物料在单层筛网上的筛分效率进行研究,对直线振动筛的振幅、频率、振动方向角及筛面倾角4个参数取了3个水平的值,共进行了81组试验。用单颗粒物料的平均透筛时间来表征物料的筛分效率,用极差的大小来表征各参数对筛分效率的影响程度,通过对试验结果的分析得到,振幅及振动方向角是对筛分效率影响较大的2个参数,并找到了筛分效率最高时的参数组合。     

磨矿预先筛分工艺的工业实践

新疆某铜矿根据原矿含泥多的性质增设磨矿预先筛分,为综合评价其在生产中的使用效果,考察了原矿、筛上产品、筛下产品、球磨排矿、旋流器沉砂和溢流的粒度组成情况,并通过增设前后技术经济指标对比,证实了预先筛分对提高磨机利用系数、降低能耗、提高产能起到明显促进作用,此项工艺的成功应用,对含泥多、粒度细的矿山企业起到良好的示范效果。     

振动筛筛孔形状和筛网材料对筛分效率影响的仿真研究

振动筛筛孔形状和筛网材料对筛分效率影响显著,优化的筛孔形状设计与筛网材料选择将有效提高实际工业场景中振动筛的工作效能。为研究筛孔形状和筛网材料对筛分效率的影响,文章基离散元法（DEM）,利用离散元EDEM仿真软件,通过控制变量的单因素实验,模拟了不同筛网材料下筛孔形状从正方形趋于圆形的筛分过程,并对仿真数据进行后处理。文章采用动态筛分效率作为的评价指标,基于仿真数据分析研究因素对筛分效率的影响。实验结果表明,在筛网材料相同的情况下,正方形网孔形状筛分效率最佳,八边形网孔形状筛分效率相对较低。同时,实验分析和对比了四种不同材料的筛网在不同网孔形状下矿物颗粒在筛上的运行速度,实验结果指出,不同因素下筛上矿物颗粒运行速度与其筛分效率的变化趋势一致。综上,筛网材料和筛孔形状会影响筛上矿物颗粒运动速度,通过影响矿物颗粒在筛上的滞留时间间接的影响其透筛概率。     

筛孔孔径和筛面倾角优化配置的试验研究

在半工业性试验系统上进行了振动筛筛面参数的优化配置试验,采用Design-Expert 6.1软件对试验结果进行了统计分析,给出了筛分分离粒度、筛分效率同筛面倾角和筛孔孔径之间的相关关系式,同时揭示了筛孔孔径和筛面倾角对筛分分离粒度的交互作用,提出了在特定分离粒度条件下为达最大筛分效率的筛面参数优化配置方案,为筛分机的设计和使用提供了理论依据。     

筛面上颗粒运动的计算机仿真研究及试验验证

物料在筛面上的运动有着极其复杂的运动规律,本文采用离散元法最常用的弹性—阻尼—滑动接触模型,建立了颗粒在筛面上运动的数学模型,用VC.Net编制了模拟筛面上单颗粒运动的计算机程序,借助于高速动态分析系统通过一系列数值试验对模型进行了检验和确认,模拟结果真实地反映了不同粒度颗粒在筛面上运动形态的差异和单颗粒的混沌运动,表明通过数值模拟能够灵活地再现不同筛分机工作条件下颗粒运动过程,有助于深刻理解筛分机的工作参数对颗粒运动状态的影响。     

弛张筛筛面动态特性及其筛分理论研究

为研究弛张筛面动态特性参数沿筛面长度方向分布状况和大振动强度筛分理论，建立了弛张筛筛面的非线性动力学方程，采用摄动方法求出解，导出了筛面动态特性沿筛长方向的分布规律及其精确表达式，理论分析结果与实测结果符合很好．利用Ｈｏｌｍｓ弹跳球模型来模拟单颗粒在筛面上的运动并找出数值结果，发现单颗粒物料在筛面上运动时，筛面振动强度ｋｖ＞１６７颗粒产生混沌运动，修正了定常运动论的ｋｖ＝３３的理论．最后在弛张筛模型机上进行筛分试验，得出弛张筛能有效地进行潮湿原煤的干法深度筛分．     

单、双溢流管旋流器流场特征及分离性能研究

普通旋流器完成一次分级只能得到细颗粒的溢流和粗颗粒的底流,无法实现窄粒级精细分级要求。为了使一次分级可以获得多个细粒径、窄粒级产品,提出了一种双溢流管旋流器,为探明旋流器内流场特 征及分离性能,采用数值模拟和试验研究对比研究了双溢流管旋流器和普通单溢流管旋流器内速度场、压力场、粒度场及分离性能。数值模拟结果表明：具有双溢流管结构的旋流器经过一次分离可以获取内溢流、外 溢流和底流3种粒级产品。相比于单溢流管旋流器,双溢流管旋流器的切向速度和内部静压力更大;径向速度、轴向速度和湍动能更小,说明双溢流管旋流器可以强化分离过程,有利于分离性能的提高。试验验证结果 表明：相较于单溢流管旋流器,双溢流管旋流器底流浓度降低了8.3个百分点,底流产率增大了3.25个百分点,内外溢流产品中-45 μm的颗粒累积含量增加了1.15个百分点,综合分级效率提高了1.26个百分点。研究 结果可为多产品窄粒级旋流分离装备及工艺的研发提供一定的参考。     

振动筛优化设计

利用已建立的筛分数学模型,分析振动筛一些主要动力参数及工艺参数对筛分效率的影响,并取其为变量,以筛分质效率作为目标函数对振动筛进行优化计算。     

Empirical study on the effects of screen inclination and feed loading on size classification of solids by gravity

This study explored the insights into the theory of dry solids classification, in particular the classical dynamics aspects related to the mass loading of particles, deck inclination of the screen, and resulting measures of flowability. Prototype screening equipment was fabricated and experiments were carried out with ideal rounded mono-shaped glass beads. The overall performance of the prototype was assessed in relation to two screen design variables, the tilt angle of inclination and the mass throughput of the feed, which affects particles flow. Mathematical models relating to the classification process were developed, simulated and compared to the results obtained from the experiments. Important parameter ranges within which equipment may be operated with minimal malfunctioning were approximated from the models. Screen loading, bulk flow velocity, and screen inclination angles determine flowability of powders and particles in gravity classification; these parameters were used in this study to assess how well the particles flowed over the screens. A close correlation was found between theory, simulation models and the experimental results, which facilitated development of empirical models that may be used to predict and estimate the classification rates, efficiencies and flowability for such systems. Dense screen loading improved the classification rates, but hampered flowability, and consequently the efficiency. Increase in deck inclinations improved flowability and efficiency, but only to a certain optimum point after which it led to excessive overflow.     

基于有限元与工作模态的结构梁损伤识别

针对振动筛的下横梁结构易出现裂纹的问题,提出了一种基于有限元分析与工作模态的损伤识别的方法。通过建立有限元模型来模拟梁无损以及损伤量分别为10%、20%、30%的情况,分析得出结构梁的各阶固有频率以及它的振型曲线,利用各阶频率的变化以及位移振型的变化确定出裂纹的位置以及损伤程度。通过实验进行工作模态分析,利用ARMA模型参数识别的方法得出其各阶的模态参数。     

筛分作业中分离粒度的研究

分离粒度是筛分作业最重要的指标。文章对分离粒度的概念进行了诠释,认为分离粒度实际上是一个随机变量,进而探讨了分离粒度的确定方法,明确了分离粒度、分配粒度和等误粒度三者之间的关系,指出通过调整筛分机的工作参数,使筛分作业的规定粒度同筛分机的分离粒度重合是充分发挥筛分机效能的必要条件。     

基于EDEM—FLUENT耦合矿物颗粒分离效果的模拟研究

为了能同时依据矿粒的密度和粒度对其分离,尝试选用水平冲击水流和振动作用的联合分离工艺,采用EDEM-FLUENT耦合方法,以矿粒的回收率及分离产品含杂率为评价指标,对矿粒在分选装置中的分离行为进行模拟研究,并探讨不同工艺参数对矿粒分离效果的影响。结果表明：所选用的分离工艺可有效地依据矿粒的密度和粒径进行分离。添加振动筛能大幅度降低分离产品的含杂率。分选装置的较佳参数为：筛面倾角为0°、振动频率为10 Hz、振幅为3 mm、颗粒入口底部宽度为7 mm,此时回收率96.8%,含杂率5.67%。     

官地磁选尾矿的电磁高频细筛分级试验研究

为了精确分级细颗粒,考察电磁高频细筛的分级性能,研究了不同煤浆浓度、振动时间、筛孔大小和喷水量对电磁高频细筛分级效果的影响。试验结果表明,随着筛孔变小,分级效率变大,原因是筛上物料水分的快速损失,使湿法筛分有向干法筛分转变的趋势;单一增加喷水量对分级效率的影响不显著,为提高分级效率,需要持续喷水。     

Transport velocity of a crushed rock material bed on a screen

This paper describes a model which makes it possible to predict the transport velocity of a crushed rock material bed along an ordinary screen with a circular stroke. Transport velocity can be predicted with respect to the inclination, stroke and frequency of the screen. The model is based on physical laws. A particle leaves the screen surface when the negative vertical acceleration of the screen surface exceeds that of the particle. The particle can also slide along the screen surface. Monte Carlo simulation is used to estimate the influence of the other particles. Thus, random values are used to simulate the collisions between particles. The predicted transport velocity is equal to the average transport velocity from a few runs with the model. To verify the model, experiments were made: the transport velocity of a bed of crushed rock particles along a wire cloth was measured for different inclinations, strokes and frequencies. The predictions made with the model agreed well with the experimental results.A model which makes it possible to predict the size distribution of both the remaining and the passed material on a screen with several interacting screen planes has already been presented by the author. In addition, it is necessary to know the transport velocity of the material to be able to estimate the bed thickness and the capacity of the screening process.     

某选矿厂破碎磨矿工艺流程考察研究

针对某选矿厂细碎机破碎能力有较大富余,球磨机给矿粒度偏粗的问题,通过降低筛板筛孔尺寸,分别在生产筛板（筛孔尺寸14 mm×20 mm）与试验筛板（筛孔尺寸10 mm×40 mm）条件下对细碎筛分作业、球磨分级作业进行流程考察研究。结果表明：采用试验筛板后,细筛分级产品中-12.0 mm含量由88.09%（F95=15.20 mm）提升至98.71%（F95=10.31 mm）;当一段球磨处理量分别为295 t/h、310 t/h、和325 t/h时,二段分级溢流中-0.074 mm粒级含量分别由79.86%增加到86.86%、77.03%增加到87.68%,75.63%增加到84.45%。更换筛板后,细碎筛分产品和二段分级溢流产品的粒度均明显变细。破碎筛分流程的优化充分发挥了破碎机的破碎能力,降低了球磨机的给矿粒度。     

水力旋流器自动控制系统的设计

根据多年对水力旋流器自动控制的实践经验,从水力旋流器溢流粒度模型出发,逐步对水力旋流器生产过程中相关变量进行分析,对相关闭环控制进行整合,分析出具体控制方法,并结合模糊控制方法,对这些变量进行过程控制,从而达到控制旋流器溢流粒度目的,最大发挥水力旋流器的最佳潜能以得到最佳经济效益,并减轻工人的劳动强度。