袁家村铁矿氧化矿工艺矿物学研究

系统研究了袁家村铁矿3种氧化矿（石英型氧化矿、石英-镜铁矿型氧化矿、闪石型氧化矿）的物质组成、铁物相分布及主要铁矿物磁铁矿、半假象-假象赤铁矿、赤铁矿-镜铁矿、褐铁矿的工艺特性,包括矿物嵌布特性、共生关系、结构构造等,为袁家村氧化铁矿石选矿工艺的研究提供基础资料和理论依据。     

新型捕收剂DTA-2在高铝铁矿石提铁降铝反浮选中的应用

针对现阶段高铝铁矿石选别后铁精矿中含铝过高的问题,东北大学研制了一种新型、高效的两性螯合捕收剂DTA-2,以某悬浮焙烧后磁选铁精矿为研究对象,进行提铁降铝反浮选试验。结果表明：在常温,自然pH条件下,以DTA-2为捕收剂,淀粉为抑制剂,经1粗1精1扫反浮选流程试验,可以获得精矿TFe品位66.80%、Al₂O₃品位3.26%的指标。对浮选精矿产品进行分析发现：褐铁矿内部结构相对松散,其中包裹脉石矿物较多;粒度较大氧化铁颗粒周围黏连微粒（多小于1 μm）以氧化铝为主的脉石矿物,微细粒的铁氧化物和以氧化铝为主的脉石矿物集合成磁性聚合体,造成精矿含杂;粒度较粗的氧化铝矿物颗粒内部有微粒（小于1 μm）弥散状氧化铁颗粒,磁选精矿中石英、高岭石、云母、长石矿物与氧化铁矿物连生或微粒单体夹带进入浮选精矿造成精矿杂质含量较高。通过浮选的方法解决了悬浮焙烧后磁选铁精矿含铝过高的实际问题。试验结果对高铝铁矿石的提铁降铝研究具有借鉴意义。     

马达加斯加某三水铝土矿磨矿浮选脱硅工艺试验研究

铝土矿试验矿样来自马达加斯加Sofia地区,Al₂O₃含量为32.06%,SiO₂含量为34.06%。矿石中含铝矿物主要为三水铝石;含硅矿物主要为石英,其次为高岭石。三水铝石以微晶聚合体形式存在,微细粒的其他矿物以包体形式嵌布在其中,矿样粒级越细聚合体中杂质矿物含量越高。矿样中-0.028 mm粒级产率约占30%,高杂质含量的三水铝石聚合体占比超过95%,反浮选或正浮选几乎没有脱硅效果。石英的嵌布粒度集中于0.1～0.8 mm,原矿矿样常规破碎磨矿产品中SiO₂在0.074 mm以上粗粒级富集,富含石英矿物的矿粒过粗,采用反浮选无法脱除。研究提出了便于工业化实施的脱泥、分级、分别磨矿合并反浮选工艺流程,未破碎原矿矿样用2 mm的筛子筛分,+2 mm粒级矿样单独破碎磨矿,-2 mm粒级矿样脱泥、沉砂单独磨矿,两种磨矿产品合并进入反浮选脱硅,获得铝硅比大于10、Al₂O₃回收率大于40%的精矿。     

东鞍山铁矿石中菱铁矿对反浮选的影响

几年东鞍山铁矿石中碳酸盐矿物含量增加,反浮选指标随之恶化,甚至出现“精尾不分”现象。为此,在单矿物浮选试验的基础上,采用SEM和EDS分析手段,对造成这种现象的原因进行了研究。结果表明,可在一定程度上受到淀粉抑制但抑制作用较弱的菱铁矿在赤铁矿和石英表面的吸附罩盖,是引起东鞍山含碳酸盐铁矿石反浮选困难的主要原因。因此,要实现东鞍山含碳酸盐铁矿石中铁矿物与石英的有效分离,关键是如何在反浮选之前预先将菱铁矿分离出去,或找到能有效活化或抑制菱铁矿的浮选药剂。     

某选铁尾矿浮选锌钼试验

某选铁尾矿中的有用矿物主要为黄铁矿、闪锌矿和辉钼矿,主要脉石矿物有石榴石、石英、方解石等。为高效回收其中的有用矿物,实现资源的高效利用,进行了选矿试验研究。结果表明,锌、钼、硫含量分别为0.86%、0.023%、10.09%的试样采用1粗3精3扫锌钼硫混浮、1粗4精1扫抑硫浮锌钼流程处理,最终获得了锌、钼品位分别为41.53%、0.797%,锌、钼回收率分别为92.87%、67.26%的锌钼混合精矿,以及硫品位为51.75%、回收率为91.51%的硫精矿,实现了有用矿物的充分回收。     

江西宁村瓷石物质组成和精选除铁试验研究

本文作者对江西宁村瓷石的物质组成和精选除铁工艺进行了研究。结果表明：宁村瓷石主要由长英质矿物组成，铁元素主要以硅酸盐矿物，硫化物和氧化物及氢氧化物等形式存在；高梯度磁选是脱除宁村瓷石中铁矿物杂质的有效手段。     

兰坪高硅氧化锌矿矿物组成及高温酸浸热力学分析

云南兰坪地区的高硅氧化锌矿储量极为丰富,用化学物相分析、X射线衍射、扫描电镜能谱等表征手段对该矿的工艺矿物学研究,结果表明:矿石中锌主要以异极矿和菱锌矿的形式存在,脉石矿物以石英砂为主,并伴有少量的方解石,云母等,有价矿物和脉石之间相互镶嵌或包裹,从而造成矿石结构复杂。采用高温酸浸工艺可有效避免硅胶的危害,热力学分析表明:在高温酸性体系中高硅氧化锌矿中锌矿物的溶解较为彻底,较低的酸度和较高的温度可减少矿物中铁的溶解且能有效地将酸溶硅转化为沉淀形式。     

辽宁野猪沟铁矿石工艺矿物学研究

系统地研究了辽宁野猪沟铁矿石的化学组成、矿物组成及嵌布特征。结果表明：矿石以鲕状构造为主,具有典型的同心环带结构。矿石中铁、锰矿物主要以粉末状和致密块状两种状态存在。粉末状赤铁矿、褐铁矿、氧化锰多形成松散的土状集合体,致密块状的赤铁矿则分布于石英砂粒周围;磁铁矿多包裹石英砂粒。矿石的上述特性造成有用矿物难以单体解离并易于泥化,因而使矿石难选。     

Automated relief-based discrimination of non-opaque minerals in optical image analysis

Ore characterisation is important in order to understand the quality of ores and their behaviour during downstream processing. Many significant ore characteristics can only be determined through the use of various imaging techniques. Optical Image Analysis (OIA) is one such technique and is particularly attractive for many applications due to its low cost and high resolution. However OIA also has some limitations, one of which is the difficulty with discriminating non-opaque minerals. Some non-opaque minerals, such as quartz, are typical gangue minerals in certain types of iron ores. Even though in many cases quartz particles can be easily seen and attributed by mineralogists in polished sections, their automated discrimination has always been an issue, the reasons for which are discussed in this article. The ability to automatically discriminate quartz and other non-opaque minerals would significantly increase the value of OIA for the mineral industry.This paper describes a novel method of discriminating non-opaque minerals in the sample by their optical relief, which results in visible borders between the mineral and the epoxy resin mounting medium. An algorithm for such discrimination that has been developed for the CSIRO Mineral4/Recognition4 OIA software package is described. The algorithm is based on dynamic thresholding of the image with subsequent cleanup and enhancement to reliably determine borders between non-opaque particles and epoxy and on subsequent attribution of image areas created by these borders to either the non-opaque mineral or the epoxy resin. Further, this article discusses difficulties that may arise when applying this algorithm due to sample peculiarities and describes algorithm enhancements incorporated in Mineral4 in order to overcome these issues. The resulting software is capable of reliably discriminating non-opaque minerals in a variety of samples, including iron and manganese ores.     

云南兰坪氧化铅锌矿工艺矿物学研究

以兰坪金鼎矿区氧化铅锌矿为研究对象，采用化学分析、物相分析、X射线衍射分析、偏光显微镜分析等方式，查明矿石的结构构造、元素组成、矿物组成及含量、目的矿物的嵌布特征，目的矿物与其它矿物的共生关系，目的元素（铅、锌）的赋存状态。工艺矿物学研究结果表明，原矿中有用矿物为铅矿物和锌矿物，其中Pb品位为1.26%，Zn 品位为8.40%。矿石中铅主要赋存在白铅矿、方铅矿中；锌主要赋存在菱锌矿、异极矿及闪锌矿中；脉石矿物主要为方解石、石英、白云母、黄铁矿（白铁矿）等。铅锌矿物种类较多且与其它矿物的共生关系较为复杂，易泥化、易过粉碎的缺点将会严重影响铅锌品位和回收率指标。鉴于此，宜采用分段浮选，先选铅，脱泥后再选锌，该研究结果可以为兰坪氧化铅锌矿浮选工艺流程改造和合理开发利用氧化铅锌资源提供科学依据。     

水厂铁矿磁铁矿矿石工艺矿物学研究

冀东水厂铁矿石铁品位为32.27%,以磁铁矿形式存在的铁占总铁的91.72,以硅酸铁和碳酸铁形式存在的铁分别占总铁的5.30%、2.49%,脉石矿物主要为石英、辉石和角闪石。为给该矿石的开发利用提供依据,对其进行了工艺矿物学研究。结果显示：矿石结构以粒状变晶结构为主,少数呈似海绵陨铁结构和压碎结构;矿石构造以条纹状和条带状构造为主,片麻状构造和块状构造相对少见;矿石中磁铁矿嵌布类型多样,多数呈半自形-他形粒状、聚粒状嵌布于石英、辉石、角闪石等脉石矿物中;磁铁矿嵌布粒度极不均匀,在+0.64 mm粒级分布率为8.42%,在-0.08 mm粒级分布率为38.90%,在-0.04 mm粒级分布率为22.14%。因此该铁矿石的选别适宜采用阶段磨矿阶段选别工艺。     

陕西某黏土型钒矿石工艺矿物学研究

采用化学分析、显微镜分析和MLA矿物自动检测技术等手段对陕西某黏土型钒矿石进行工艺矿物学研究,重点查明该矿石的物质组成、钒的赋存形式、主要含钒矿物的嵌布状态和粒度特性,目的是为该矿石中钒的选矿预富集提供基础资料。研究结果表明：矿石中V₂O₅含量较低,为0.85%,并主要以类质同像形式分布在云母类矿物（绢云母、黑云母、绿泥石）和少量褐铁矿中;通过分选云母类矿物和褐铁矿回收钒时,理论回收率为88.25%,但云母类矿物片理间夹杂微细石英,较难充分单体解离。     

桦树沟铁矿石工艺矿物学研究

酒钢矿业公司桦树沟矿开采向深部推进过程中,矿石性质发生了较大变化。为给矿山生产和工艺改造提供指导,对桦树沟待采铁矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究。结果表明:矿石全铁品位为29.74%,赤(褐)铁占总铁的67.62%,碳酸铁占总铁的26.66%;主要有用矿物为赤铁矿、菱铁矿,褐铁矿少量,含量分别为26.62%、16.52%和4.35%;脉石矿物主要为石英、碳酸盐矿物和绢云母等,其中,石英含量为25.33%。矿石的结构主要为自形—半自形晶结构、他形晶结构、交代结构和填隙结构;主要构造为块状构造、条带状构造、浸染状构造、网状构造和蜂窝状构造。赤铁矿主要以片状、纤维状、薄板状、针状、放射状、鳞片状集合体产出,集合体常形成致密的块体;菱铁矿多呈粒状及粒状集合体产出,以粗粒嵌布为主,与方解石、白云石、白云母、石英嵌布关系密切;褐铁矿主要以胶状、土状浸染分布在非金属矿物中,以及以细脉状、网状充填在其他矿物的粒间,有的以多孔状、蜂窝状嵌布在矿石中,粒度极不均匀。脉石矿物石英多以自形、半自形粒状集合体产出,粒度较均匀,常被碳酸盐矿物、白云母和绢云母等充填胶结;方解石和白云石主要以他形粒状、不规则状、脉状、网脉状产出,常与菱铁矿紧密共生形成集合体。     

越南某磷矿工艺矿物学研究

利用偏光显微镜、能谱仪、扫描电镜、XRF及MLA系统等对越南某磷矿进行了工艺矿物学研究.结果表明,该磷矿中P2O5含量为21.85％,为低品位磷矿,有害元素主要为SiO2,含量为34.73％,工业类型为硅质及硅酸盐型磷块岩;P2Os主要赋存在碳氟磷灰石中,少量赋存在银星石中;矿样中碳氟磷灰石主要为碎屑状、自形短柱状、微...     

Preparation of magnesium hydroxide from serpentinite by sulfuric acid leaching for CO2 mineral carbonation

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) by mineral carbonation is a promising way for CO₂ emissions mitigation that has been under studied for decades. In this work, the preparation of magnesium hydroxide from Finnish serpentinite using sulfuric acid leaching as the first step of a CO₂ mineral carbonation process was studied. Some details of leaching behavior of the ore were revealed and a valuable metal was recovered in this study. It was found that leaching yield of magnesium increased with sulfuric acid dosage, limited by a product layer formed on the ore particles, resulting in incomplete serpentinite decomposition. Agitation and ultrasonication were demonstrated to be effective in controlling the thickness of product layer. About 95% of iron was recovered from the leachate and leaching residues and valuable Fe-rich substances were obtained as by-products. After the iron extraction, a fine Mg(OH)₂-rich powder could be prepared from the Mg-rich solution by precipitation using sodium hydroxide solution.     

冀东豆子沟铁矿石工艺矿物学特征

冀东豆子沟铁矿石铁品位为35.80%,铁主要以磁铁矿形式存在,其次为赤铁矿、碳酸铁,脉石矿物主要为石英、角闪石和辉石。为给该矿石开发利用提供依据,对其进行了工艺矿物学分析。结果表明:矿石结构主要为半自形—他形晶粒状结构,其次为自形晶粒结构、压碎结构、交代残留结构。矿石构造以条纹状和条带状构造为主,其次为片麻状构造。磁铁矿主要呈半自形—他形粒状赋存于石英等脉石矿物中,少数呈八面体型或立方体型赋存于石英或角闪石等脉石矿物中。矿石中磁铁矿嵌布粒度微细,64.01%的磁铁矿分布在0.02~0.16 mm粒级,12.59%分布在-0.02 mm粒级,这部分磁铁矿需细磨才能实现单体解离,但细磨容易造成泥化影响选矿指标,故建议采用阶段磨矿阶段选别工艺。     

胺类捕收剂在铁精矿脱硅反浮选中的作用机制

从理论上分析了铁精矿和硅质矿物的表面电性与矿浆pH的关系,以及胺类捕收剂在矿浆中的水解行为。在此基础上,通过试验研究了胺类捕收剂在铁精矿脱硅反浮选过程中的作用机制。结果表明：强碱性条件下,胺类捕收剂主要以RNH₂形式存在,不能有效地与硅质矿物作用,达不到降硅的目的;酸性过强时,矿浆中胺阳离子（RNH⁺₃）浓度过高,胺阳离子之间通过氢键相互作用,减少甚至失去与矿物颗粒的吸附作用,同样不能取得好的分选效果。因此,铁精矿反浮选脱硅时,应根据矿石性质控制pH值,使矿浆中保持适当的胺阳离子浓度。铁精矿|脱硅     

Utilization of humic acid as a depressant for hematite in the reverse flotation of iron ore

In the present work the utilization of humic acid as a depressant for hematite in the iron ore flotation process was studied taking into consideration its physicochemical properties. Contact angle measurements of hematite and quartz were performed using a computer controlled Ramé-Hart goniometer. After conditioning with humic acid at pH 10.2, at low dodecylamine concentrations, hematite presented a much lower contact angle as compared to that of quartz under the same conditions.Microflotation tests were carried out using an EMDEE flotation apparatus. Initially, the two minerals were studied individually. The results showed that, depending of the humic acid and dodecylamine concentrations, the floatability of quartz was higher than 90% and 61% of the hematite was depressed. The flotation of the mixture of the two minerals (25% quartz and 75% hematite) was subsequently studied. The hematite recovery was higher than 90% in the depressed concentrate which assayed 86.0% Fe₂O₃. The results suggest that humic acid could be used as an alternative for starch in the iron ore flotation process.     

五峰鲕状赤铁矿工艺矿物学特性研究

为查明五峰鲕状赤铁矿的工艺矿物学性质,采用化学分析、X射线衍射、MLA、光学显微镜等技术手段,对矿石的化学成分、矿物组成、矿石结构构造及赤铁矿的嵌布粒度进行了系统研究。研究表明:该矿石为高磷鲕状赤铁矿石,矿石中的有用元素为铁,主要以赤铁矿、褐铁矿的形式存在,脉石矿物主要为石英、鲕绿泥石、方解石、胶磷矿。矿石主要以鲕粒结构为主,铁矿物的嵌布粒度极细,与脉石矿物的嵌布关系复杂,很难实现与脉石矿物的解离。