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1.
    
The widespread linear five-axis tool path (G01 blocks) is usually described by two trajectories. One trajectory describes the position of the tool tip point, and the other one describes the position of the second point on the tool axis. The inherent disadvantages of linear tool path are tangential and curvature discontinuities at the corners in five-axis tool path, which will result in feedrate fluctuation and decrease due to the kinematic constraints of the machine tools. In this paper, by using a pair of quintic PH curves, a smoothing method is proposed to round the corners. There are two steps involved in our method. Firstly, according to the accuracy requirements of the tool tip contour and tool orientation tolerances, the corner is rounded with a pair of PH curves directly. Then, the control polygon lengths of PH curves are adjusted simply to guarantee the continuous variation of the tool orientation at the junctions between the transition curves and the remainder linear segments. Because the PH curves for corner rounding can be constructed without any iteration, and those two rounded trajectories are synchronized linearly in interpolation, which makes this smoothing method can be applied in a high efficiency way. Its high computational efficiency allows it to be implemented in real-time applications. This method has been integrated into a CNC system with an open architecture to implement on-line linear five-axis tool path smoothing. Simulations and experiments validate its practicability and reliability.  相似文献   

2.
随着现代制造技术的发展,对特型刀具的品种和刃形的要求越来越高。而用普通工具磨床和传统生产工艺方法很难加工这些刃形复杂的刀具。针对这一现状自主开发一种五轴联动数控工具磨床,该五轴联动数控工具磨床能实现对球头立铣刀等多种硬度高、刃形复杂刀具的磨削加工,且一次装夹能完成所有的精加工。  相似文献   

3.
This paper presents a smooth spline interpolation technique for five-axis machining of sculptured surfaces. The tool tip and orientation locations generated by the CAM system are first fitted to quintic splines independently to achieve geometric jerk continuity while decoupling the relative changes in position and orientation of the cutter along the curved path. The non-linear relationship between spline parameters and displacements along the path is approximated with ninth order and seventh order feed correction splines for position and orientation, respectively. The high order feed correction splines allow minimum deviation from the reference axis commands while preserving continuous jerk on three translational and two rotary drives. The proposed method has been experimentally demonstrated to show improvements in reducing the excitation of inertial vibrations while improving tracking accuracy in five-axis machining of curved paths found in dies, molds and aerospace parts.  相似文献   

4.
为构建一种精简的低成本经济型五轴机床数控系统,采用了基于实时嵌入式多任务操作系统RTLinux作为软件平台以及工业嵌入式计算机PC-104为硬件平台,采用并口作为步进电机驱动控制接口,并利用软件编程的方法完成步进电机位置控制。实验结果证明该数控系统可有效实现五轴机床联动控制。  相似文献   

5.
针对普通工具磨床和传统生产工艺方法很难加工出特型刀具的品种和刃形的问题,研发了一种五轴联动数控工具磨床,其中五轴联动数控工具磨床直线进给机构的受力和位移情况将直接影响磨床的工作性能。利用Solid Works中的simulation模块对五轴联动数控磨床的直线进给机构进行静力学分析,研究直线进给机构各处的位移和应力情况。结果表明:X轴工作台的最大应力为2 MPa,出现在X轴工作台的滑块和立柱的下部,X轴工作台的最大位移为0.000 015 88 mm,出现在立柱的中部;Y轴工作台的最大应力为2 MPa,出现在Y轴工作台中部,Y轴工作台的最大位移为0.000 003 584mm,出现在Y轴工作台的中部;Z轴工作台应力的最大值为10.3 MPa,位于Z轴工作台右侧,Z轴工作台位移最大值为0.000 030 88 mm,出现在Z轴工作台中部。  相似文献   

6.
航发压气机叶片型面及加工工艺复杂。为降低加工成本、提高加工效率,对某型复杂薄壁航空发动机压气机叶片零件进行加工仿真研究。分析叶片的结构特点,结合加工工艺路线制定原则,制定了叶片加工工艺路线,规划了刀具轨迹;根据五轴机床行程及运动特点,定制了五轴机床专用后处理器,并将刀具轨迹后处理生成了叶片加工的NC程序,同时输出加工总计用时;构建立式五轴数控机床仿真模型,对加工工艺进行仿真验证,取代实际加工试切步骤,节省生产成本和时间。仿真加工结果验证了加工工艺的合理性和后处理的正确性,为加工参数的进一步优化和加工误差分析奠定了基础。  相似文献   

7.
Five-axis CNC machining centers have become quite common today. The kinematics of most of the machines are based on a rectangular Cartesian coordinate system. This paper classifies the possible conceptual designs and actual existing implementations based on the theoretically possible combinations of the degrees of freedom. Some useful quantitative parameters, such as the workspace utilization factor, machine tool space efficiency, orientation space index and orientation angle index are defined. The advantages and disadvantages of each concept are analyzed. Criteria for selection and design of a machine configuration are given. New concepts based on the Stewart platform have been introduced recently in industry and are also briefly discussed.  相似文献   

8.
利用计算机三维建模与虚拟样机仿真技术建立自主研发的五轴数控工具磨床虚拟样机模型,对五轴数控工具磨床加工过程中砂轮磨削力的受力大小和变化趋势进行仿真,利用磨削力的理论计算公式验证了所建立的虚拟样机模型的有效性。研究了砂轮线速度、磨削深度、进给量对磨削力的影响,为五轴数控工具磨床的设计提供参考。  相似文献   

9.
梁土珍  谢黧 《机床与液压》2023,51(22):98-102
五轴数控机床刀座架孔的圆度测量具有重要意义,刀座架孔圆度对后续批量化生产起决定性影响。为了更加科学合理地评定五轴数控机床刀座架孔圆度的测量结果,应用三坐标测量机测量五轴数控机床刀座架孔圆度,研究测量结果不确定度的评定方法,提出基于不确定度分量建模和分量综合建模评定方法。对已加工的样品刀座架应用三坐标测量机进行反复测量,获取刀座架圆度测量特征数据,将测量数据结合不确定度评价模型进行计算和评定分析,最后将评定结果与现行规范和标准进行比对和匹配来验证其合理性和正确性。结果表明:该方法评定结果可靠。  相似文献   

10.
为实现数控机床五轴联动加工,基于国内蓝天系列数控系统提出了控制系统结构的改进方法。数控系统分为任务层和运动层,五轴变换单元集成在运动层。在对五轴机床进行分类并分析其几何信息的基础上,设计了机床的五轴运动库。以CA摆头机床为例,推导了其正向和反向运动变换。基于改进系统及五轴运动库,设计并分析了机床旋转刀具中心控制和三维半径补偿端铣。改进系统具有较好的可移植性,可在数控加工中直接执行刀具位置和方向指令。  相似文献   

11.
    
Feedrate planning with geometric and kinematic constraints is crucial for sculptured surface machining. Due to the non-linear relationship between the Cartesian space and the joint space, the feedrate planning method for a given five-axis toolpath is very limited compared with that in three-axis machining. To achieve the exact control of the chord error and the kinematic characteristics of cutter and machine tool, this paper presents a new feedrate planning method for five-axis parametric path using a smooth curve evolution strategy. The constraints in feedrate planning are first classified as two types of neighbor-independent (NI) constraints and neighbor-dependent (ND) constraints. Then for constraint violated region, the detailed formulas of determining the update feedrates of violated sampling points are given using a decoupled manner. As a result, NI and ND constraints are satisfied respectively with one step and multi-step smooth curve evolution technique, which can smoothly deform the target feedrate profile to the desired update positions. Simulations and experiments are performed on the given tool path to validate the effectiveness of the proposed feed planning method. The results show that the proposed method is robust and effective in the exact control of constraints in the feedrate planning on complex five-axis toolpath.  相似文献   

12.
田皓远 《模具制造》2007,7(12):60-63
根据工件上不同的形状特点,分析各种刀具的性能,如何制定出合理的数控编程、用刀方案及数控编程时细节的注意事项,提高加工质量和效率。  相似文献   

13.
叶轮叶面的制造质量直接影响其运行的效率、性能、流体动力稳定性、工作可靠性和使用寿命等.从具体叶轮零件结构与工艺性分析人手,通过叶轮叶面的三维建模和加工程序调试、仿真分析与刀具轨迹验证,研究叶轮数控加工策略和加工关键技术.经过分析叶轮零件的加工质量,明确了控制插补弦长、插补周期和进给速度、刀轨残留误差,可以控制五轴数控加工的误差,保证制造质量.以叶面造型的轴向截线为加工依据,解决了刀具切削间隔的计算和刀路轨迹的求解,并进行了仿真分析.实践证明:采用五轴数控加工中心对叶面进行截面法加工,避免了加工干涉,容易实现曲面间的光滑走刀,提高了叶片的加工效率和质量,降低了加工成本.  相似文献   

14.
高军 《模具工业》2007,33(5):68-71
提出一种新的刀位轨迹预控优化算法和干涉检验算法,使相邻加工轨迹间的残留高度值都等于允许残留高度值(规定精度),从而达到最大的切削带宽,消除了干涉。实验表明,在保证精度的前提下,轨迹数和轨迹长度明显减少,大大提高了多轴联动数控加工的效率。  相似文献   

15.
介绍了提高数控程序编制效率的途径 ,并以实例说明了如何对数控程序刀具轨迹的质量进行优化 ,对从事数控工艺与编程的技术人员有参考和借鉴的作用。  相似文献   

16.
非RTCP编程需要预先根据五轴机床结构及特征参数对刀位点进行复杂的几何计算,从而得到控制各轴运动的坐标数据;RTCP编程是使用刀位点的三轴坐标再加上旋转轴角度矢量直接编程的方法,各轴实际控制坐标的复杂计算由机床系统自动进行。比较而言,RTCP程序与机床结构及特征参数无关,更具通用性,它可简化CAM编程和机床操作者之间的相互依赖关系。  相似文献   

17.
    
In this paper, a contour error model of the tool center point (TCP) for a five-axis machine tool is proposed to estimate dynamic contour errors on three types of measuring paths. A servo tuning approach to achieve five-axis dynamic matching is utilized to improve contouring performance of the cutting trajectory. The TCP control function is developed to generate measuring trajectories where five axes are controlled simultaneously to keep the TCP at a fixed point. The interpolation method of the rotary axes with S-shape acceleration/deceleration (ACC/DEC) is applied to plan smooth five-axis velocity profiles. The contour error model for five axes is derived by substituting five-axis motion commands into servo dynamics models. The steady state contour error (SSCE) model is demonstrated to illustrate three particular dynamic behaviors: the single-circle with amplitude modulation, double-circle effect and offset behavior. Furthermore, the model is also utilized to investigate the behaviors of dynamic contour errors change in 3D space. The factors that affect dynamic contour errors, including the initial setup position, feedrate and five-axis servo gains, are analyzed. With the developed servo tuning process under the measuring paths (CK1, CK2 and CK4), the contour errors caused by servo mismatch are reduced remarkably. Finally, experiments are conducted on a desktop five-axis engraving machine to verify the proposed methodology can improve dynamic contouring accuracy of the TCP significantly.  相似文献   

18.
针对金属板材五轴数控渐进成形轨迹生成的需求,研究了基于UG的五轴数控渐进成形轨迹生成方法.为使挤压工具能够按照用户所希望的方向挤压板材,给出了五轴数控渐进成形中基于前倾角和侧倾角的挤压工具姿态定义方法.研究了基于等残留高度的五轴不等层间距等高线轨迹生成方法以及交错运动轨迹生成方法,并给出了五轴数控渐进成形加工轨迹应用实例仿真.  相似文献   

19.
为了实现刀具路径高效的设计,对一种基于特征的数控加工刀具路径参数化设计方法进行了研究。首先对特征进行分类和参数化描述,然后为每一类特征设计其刀具轨迹通用模型,实际应用时,通过具体的特征参数生成对应的刀具轨迹。文中以槽特征为例,说明了参数化设计的思路和方法,采用Visual C++及OpenGL编程语言,实现了其参数化设计,并通过仿真验证了方法的正确性。  相似文献   

20.
基于CAXA制造工程师2011软件平台,针对某一具体异形体零件,建立其三维模型,制定了加工策略,合理规划刀具轨迹,再导入VERICUT软件进行仿真加工,最后利用双转台五轴联动数控加工中心,一次装夹完成了全部加工,经检测完全满足图纸要求,从而进一步体现了五轴联动数控加工中心在实际加工中的优势。  相似文献   

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