压力加工与铸造、成形工艺

0611622 微流控芯片金属模具制备工艺研究[刊,中]／李建华／／微细加工技术．-2005,(4)．-56-58,75(D) 为了解决SU-8光刻胶电铸金属模具中遇到的光刻胶脱落和电铸后去胶难等同题,提出了采用硅橡胶 (PDMS)微复制与电铸毛细管电泳芯片金属模具相结合的新工艺。该方法首先用SU-8光刻胶制备通道阳     

一种利用PDMS工艺解决SU-8去胶问题的方法

提出了一种解决SU-8去胶难题的方法.该方法首先将SU-8微结构用PDMS进行复制,然后利用复制的PDMS微结构进行下一步的电铸,电铸完成后只要简单地将PDMS揭下即可释放出金属模具.通过该方法制备得到了深宽比达到10的金属模具,而且模具表面光滑,侧壁垂直.     

基于UV-LIGA技术的微注塑金属模具的工艺研究

介绍了一种新颖的微注塑模具的制作方法———无背板生长法,它是利用负性厚SU-8光刻胶,通过低成本的UV-LIGA表面微加工工艺,直接在金属基板上电铸镍图形而制作完成的。讨论了SU-8胶与基底的结合特性以及几种去除SU-8胶的有效方法,所制作的微注塑模具已用于微注塑加工中。无背板生长工艺的突出优点是微电铸时间短、模具质量高,而且还适合于制作其他微机械组件,是目前MEMS领域中比较有发展前途的加工方法。     

PDMS多层次蘑菇形微结构的制作

提出了一种基于光刻胶牺牲层技术的用于制作多层次SU-8模具的新方法,并进一步采用浇注成型的方法制作了聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)多层次蘑菇形微结构。在多层次SU-8模具的制作过程中,使用了正性光刻胶BP212作为牺牲层,并采用超声辅助显影的方法使显影的时间大大缩短。通过对多层次SU-8模具预处理,有效减小了多层次SU-8模具与PDMS的结合力,从而提高了PDMS脱模的成功率。对制作的PDMS多层次蘑菇形微结构和PDMS单层次微柱结构进行了接触角测试。结果表明,PDMS多层次蘑菇形微结构的接触角为150.93°±1.6°,PDMS单层次微柱结构的接触角为139.19°±0.1°。由此可知PDMS多层次蘑菇形微结构具有优异的超疏水性能。     

SU-8胶模去除技术

对各种去胶技术的原理、优缺点及其适用场合进行了综述,并结合本实验室的电铸Ni结构去胶试验,对强碱熔盐浴氧化、强酸氧化等经济有效的去胶方法进行了有益发展。最后介绍了SU-8辅助去胶技术,如辅助剥离牺牲层技术、辅助电铸结构抵抗去胶剥落的桩基形成技术。提出了一种与多层互连电路微制造兼容的金属桩基形成技术,并采用强酸氧化去胶方法在制作有互联电路及薄膜电极的基片上成功地集成了200μm厚的Ni结构。     

UV-LIGA双层微齿轮加工工艺研究

利用SU-8光刻胶UV—LIGA技术制备了双层微齿轮，齿轮单层的厚度可达450μm。制备中分别采用了三种工艺路线：两次电铸、溅射种子层一次电铸和直接一次电铸，均成功地制备出了双层微齿轮，并讨论了三种工艺路线各自的适用范围，即两次电铸工艺路线适用于对机械强度要求不高的各类多层微结构器件，一次电铸工艺路线适用于对机械强度要求较高的结构，其中溅射种子层工艺适用于深宽比较小的多层微结构模具，而直接电铸工艺适用于深宽比较大且层间直径相差较小的多层微结构器件。     

基于UV-LIGA技术的双层微齿轮模具镶块工艺

以氧化铟锡(ITO)玻璃作为基底,采用UV-LIGA技术制作了双层微齿轮型腔模具的镶块。首先,采用正胶(RZJ-304)进行光刻,在ITO玻璃表面电镀镍掩模,通过镍掩模对第一层SU-8光刻胶进行背面曝光。再利用正面套刻的方法对第二层SU-8光刻胶进行曝光,显影得到双层微齿轮的胶模。最后,进行微电铸得到双层微齿轮型腔镶块。通过实验验证了双层微齿轮模具镶块制作的工艺流程,优化了其工艺参数,克服了底部曝光不足引起的问题,并对制作工艺过程中产生的涂胶不平整、前烘时胶层不稳定、热板加热不均以及接触式曝光破坏胶层表面等问题进行了研究。所制得的双层微齿轮胶模垂直度高,表面质量好,且套刻精度高。     

SU-8胶与基底结合特性的实验研究

SU-8胶是一种负性、环氧树脂型、近紫外线光刻胶。它适于制作超厚、高深宽比的MEMS微结构。为电铸造出金属微结构，通常需要采用金属基底。但SU-8胶对金属基底的结合力通常不好，因而限制了其深宽比的提高。从SU-8胶与基底的浸润性、基底表面粗糙度以及基底对近光紫外光的折射特性入手，对SU-8胶与基底的结合力进行分析，首次指出：在近紫外光的折射率高的基底与SU-8胶有很好的结合性。经实验得出经过氧化处理的TI片的SU-8胶的结合性强。这有利于为MEMS提供低成本，高深宽比的金属微结构。     

UV-LIGA工艺中SU-8光刻胶的热溶胀性研究

对SU-8胶的热溶胀效应及其机理进行了研究,在现有微模具的UV-LIGA工艺的基础上,利用AN-SYS对SU-8胶的热溶胀性规律进行了仿真分析。通过SU-8胶模的溶胀实验,建立了热溶胀变形的速率模型,并计算了不同电铸时间下微模具的顶部线宽,计算结果与实验值基本吻合。仿真结果可用来优化掩模图形的设计及预测电铸后微模具的尺寸。     

基于PDMS模具热模压制备微流控通道结构的方法

介绍了一种利用聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)的快速成型来制备模具,再进行热模压制造微流控通道结构的方法。通过在硅片上旋涂SU-8胶进行光刻显影,得到结构模版,在此模版上浇注PDMS,脱模即得到PDMS模具。将PDMS模具进行热压,成功地在聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)基片上复制了特定的微流控通道结构。相对于常规的硅微加工和UV-LIGA工艺制造热模压模具,本方法具有加工周期短、工艺简单、成本低等优点。另外,还对温度、压力、时间等热模压的主要工艺参数进行了初步的优化研究。     

An Alternative Method for SU-8 Removal Using PDMS Technique

An alternative method for SU-8 removal is proposed.Instead of directly using SU-8 microstructure as the electroplating mold,a polydimethysiloxane (PDMS) replica is employed.The metallic micromold insert obtained through this method can be easily peeled off from the PDMS replica,meanwhile with high resolution and smooth surfaces.     

Microstructuring of SU-8 photoresist by UV-assisted thermal imprinting with non-transparent mold

In this study, we explored a rapid and low-cost process for patterning in a SU-8 photoresist by thermal imprinting with a non-transparent mold such as Ni mold. One of major obstacles in the process is that the extremely good formability of uncured SU-8 even near room temperature causes the collapse of imprinted patterns during and after de-molding because a sample cannot be exposed to UV light during imprinting owing to the non-transparency of a mold. To overcome this problem, un-cured SU-8 resists were pre-treated with UV light, heat, and O₂ plasma for controlling their formability, and applied to thermal imprint tests to be compared each other in terms of the replication fidelity. As a result, a SU-8 sample pre-treated with UV light for 8 s resulted in the best replication quality for given imprint conditions and mold dimensions, and we could successfully replicate micro patterns in SU-8 resist without a quartz mold. As compared with conventional UV-imprint processes, this process has potential merits such as a lower mold cost, an easier mold release and a less air-entrapment.     

Fabrication and application of silicon-reinforced PDMS masters

A new molding process is developed in this work to generate a silicon (Si)-reinforced polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) master of a 4 in wafer size using an SU-8 mold. The reinforced PDMS master is applied to pattern a conducting polymer, poly-3-hexylthiophene (P3HT), which is normally dissolved by a non-polar solvent. PDMS is usually patterned by a molding process, in which PDMS is first coated on and then peeled off from a rigid mold. However, in the new molding process, the Si-reinforced PDMS master is rigid but the SU-8 mold is flexible, and the SU-8 mold is first placed on and then peeled off from the rigid PDMS master. In such a way, a reinforced PDMS master of a size as large as a 4 in wafer can be produced. Meanwhile, a new way of obtaining free-standing, large SU-8 structures is presented. PDMS swells when it gets exposed to non-polar solvents. This swelling makes PDMS not suitable for patterning materials, which are usually dissolved by non-polar solvents, e.g., P3HT. In this work, we demonstrate that, with the reinforcement of a Si plate, the swelling effect in generating this specific type of materials is much reduced, and good patterns can be produced.     

Soft-lithographic methods for the fabrication of dielectrophoretic devices using molds by proton beam writing

Proton beam writing (PBW) was applied to the fabrication of dielectrophoretic (DEP) devices equipped with high-aspect-ratio pillar arrays. With coupled use of soft lithography for micro-fluidic channels, we successfully fabricated a device equipped with SU-8 pillar arrays produced by PBW, which is covered with a poly-dimethylsiloxane (PDMS) micro-fluidic channel. For more simplified prototyping of the device, we modified a SU-8 mold for simultaneous replication of both pillar arrays and micro-fluidic channel on PDMS. Replication of pillar arrays is limited to the aspect ratio of less than three.     

基于液态金属的柔性频率可重构CPW天线设计

针对固态金属天线在受力弯曲后易产生裂纹导致功能失效的问题,本文提出一种频率可重构的柔性液态金属共面波导馈电天线.该天线由四个不同半径的开口谐振环（Split-Ring Resonators,SRR）构成,利用紫外光刻技术（ultraviolet lithography）制备天线的SU-8负模结构,其次浇注聚二甲基硅氧烷进行倒模并键合,最后将液态金属合金注入至微流沟道,完成天线的制作.通过机械施压方式改变不同谐振环间的通断状态,可在1GHz~6GHz范围内实现频率可重构,满足WLAN、WiMAX和部分C波段的通信要求.弹性体和液态金属的特性使天线具有更好的灵活性和耐久度,可应用于集成电子设备的弯曲表面.