共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 203 毫秒
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使用新型电子自旋共振法测定啤酒内源抗氧化剂活性,研究每个酿造阶段对啤酒风味稳定性的影响取得了成功。以强制试验中OH-基产生的滞后时间来表示啤酒的内源氧化剂活性,用此方法测定了麦汁和啤酒中OH-基的产生情况。但是,麦汁中OH-基的产生没有滞后时间,在强制试验开始立刻进行了测定,把麦汁在120min强制试验生成的OH-基数量表示的OH-基产生活性定为另外一个新指标。利用在每个酿造阶段检测得到的两个指标,分析了各个酿造阶段对啤酒风味稳定性的影响。根据分析的结果,改变某些酿造阶段的工艺条件便可实际而且有效地达到改善啤酒风味稳定性的目的。 相似文献
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小麦麦芽在低度啤酒生产中的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在低度啤酒生产中,酿造时添加30%小麦麦芽,30%大麦麦芽,40%大米,采用添加复合酶补充酶活,增加可发酵糖含量,降低麦汁粘度,提高原料利用率;过滤时添加硅胶,提高啤酒非生物稳定性;酵母接种量为原料的0.6%,采用低温发酵;可减少副产物,改善啤酒风味特征;提高社会效益。 相似文献
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我们进行了一个置信度P〈0.05的三因子实验,利用大麦麦芽(BM)或高梁芽(SM),精选玉米(MZ)或腊质高梁(WXSOR)粉粒为辅料,添加或不添加糖化酶(AMG)生产Lager啤酒,研究其144h发酵过程中糖酵解和乙醇生成情况。在BM麦汁中,葡萄糖、麦芽糖、麦芽三糖分别占总可发酵糖的20%,68%和13%,而这个比例在SM麦汁中则分别为35%,48%和17%。添加AMG后,麦汁中葡萄糖含量从9.3g/L增加到24.5g/L,总可发酵性糖含量用g葡萄糖/L表示,从59.2g/L增加到72.6g/L。和BM麦汁相比,SM麦汁的葡萄糖含量约高50%,而初始麦芽糖则要低40%左右。用WXSOR或MZ作酿造辅料,生产的麦汁和啤酒具有相似的特性。AMG的添加使麦汁中葡萄糖量增加2.5倍以上,并使可发酵性糖量增加23%以上。线性回归分析表明发酵过程中可发酵性糖的消耗符合一级反应方程。葡萄糖、麦芽糖和麦芽三糖消耗50%的时间分别为49h,128h和125h,这清楚地表明酵母优先利用葡萄糖。和不添加AMG的麦汁相比,添加AMG麦汁中的麦芽糖和麦芽三糖的消耗速度分别加快和变慢了。发酵终了,BM啤酒的乙醇含量(5.1%,v/v)比SM啤酒(3.9%,v/v)要高。在添加AMG的啤酒生产中,用BM还是用SM及添加MZ辅料在最终的乙醇浓度上并无明显区别。研究结果表明,AMG可以降低糊精含量,增加初始葡萄糖量和总可发酵性糖量,特别是在利用SM为原料的时候,该现象更为明显。 相似文献
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为了优化荔枝水果啤酒酿造工艺,采用单因素试验设计,考察了原麦汁浓度、荔枝果浆添加量和啤酒花添加量对荔枝啤酒的发酵特性和感官指标的影响;基于单因素试验结果,以感官评价分数为响应指标,采用Box-Behnken试验设计和响应面分析对工艺参数进行优化。结果表明,原麦汁浓度、荔枝果浆添加量对荔枝啤酒的发酵度、酒精度、泡持性和苦度影响显著(p<0.05);啤酒花添加量对荔枝啤酒的泡持性和苦度影响显著(p<0.05);优化参数条件范围为原麦汁浓度9~11 oP,荔枝果浆11%(V/V)~15%(V/V),啤酒花0.39~0.44 g/L,预测荔枝啤酒的感官分数在78.00分以上。选择原麦汁浓度10 oP,荔枝果浆15%(V/V),啤酒花0.40 g/L的条件进行验证实验,感官评价平均分数为78.10分,与预测值相符。在啤酒酿造工艺中添加荔枝,可以丰富水果啤酒品类,赋予其荔枝的特征风味。 相似文献
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在啤酒酿造工艺过程中,采用添加Novo的AMG、Fungmyl和Promozyml等三种微生物酶,提高麦汁发酵度以生产低热量(低碳水化合物)啤酒的方法被人们越来越重视。酶可单独使用也可配合使用,其可在麦汁糖化过程中或在分离麦汁中加入,也可在麦汁发酵开始加入。加酶的方法最高可使外观发酵度(apparent attenuation)达到104%。 相似文献
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锌离子在啤酒酿造中的作用与控制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
啤酒中锌离子来源于麦芽、大米、酿造用水、酒花。Zn^2 在啤酒酿造过程中可起到催化荆作用,与氨基酸结合形成Zn-氨基酸螯合物。在啤酒酿造过程中,可激活酶提高酶的作用;促进糖化、发酵;促进蛋白质合成及其稳定性;缓解某金属离子的毒性作用,促进挥发物质的产生和双乙酰的还原,缩短发酵时间,提高啤酒质量;但含量过量会使啤酒非生物稳定性降低,影响啤酒质量。通过对糖化过程和发酵过程的控制,可降低醪液pH值。加入少量小麦芽,加入适量ZnCl2,ZnSO4及酵母营养盐等,可实现对Zn^2 的有效控制,达到最佳酿造浓度。 相似文献
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Graham G. Stewart 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2009,115(1):3-29
Horace Brown spent fifty years conducting brewing research in Burton‐on‐Trent, Dublin and London. His contributions were remarkable and his focus was to solve practical brewing problems by employing and developing fundamental scientific principles. He studied all aspects of the brewing process including raw materials, wort preparation, fermentation, yeast and beer stability. As a number of previous presenters of the Horace Brown Lecture have discussed Brown's achievements in detail, the focus of this paper is a review of the brewing research that has been conducted by the author and his colleagues during the past forty years. Similar to Horace Brown, fundamental research has been employed to solve brewing problems. Research studies that are discussed in this review paper include reasons for premature flocculation of ale strains resulting in wort underattenuation including mechanisms of co‐flocculation and pure strain flocculation, storage procedures for yeast cultures prior to propagation, studies on the genetic manipulation of brewer's yeast strains with an emphasis on the FLO1 gene, spheroplast fusion and the respiratory deficient (petite) mutation, the uptake and metabolism of wort sugars and amino acids, the influence of wort density on fermentation characteristics and beer flavour and stability, and finally, the contribution that high gravity brewing has on brewing capacity, fermentation efficiency and beer quality and stability. 相似文献
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Susann Müller Andreas Lösche Michael Schmidt Wolfgang Babel 《Journal of the Institute of Brewing》2001,107(6):373-382
Increasing the quantity of beer production without diminishing the quality of the product is a key concern of the beer producing industry. Modifications to the brewery's equipment and settings are the most commonly used methods to improve the brewing process, while the supreme importance of the physiological state of the beer producing organisms, the yeast cells, for the productivity of the brewing process is often poorly recognised. The work described here was designed to optimise two processes: the inoculation regime used to produce high gravity bottom-fermenting beer, and the production of high quality diet beer. To achieve these aims, flow cytometry was used to follow changes in the distribution of DNA, neutral lipid and 3β-hydroxsterol contents in Saccharomyces carlsbergensis strains during inoculation, fermentation and storage. This allowed potential time-saving alterations in the process to be identified. Double staining techniques proved that vigorous fermentative activity and long-term survival capacity during main and secondary fermentation requires intense multiplication of the yeast cells during inoculation. The production of high gravity beer was then enhanced by altering the schedule of the wort additions, and thus increasing the yeast's activities related to multiplication. To produce diet beer, oligosaccharides that remain after the standard brewing process are degraded by adding small amounts of wort, usually during secondary fermentation. However, during this period of fermentation the physiological activity of the yeast cells is hampered by low carbon and high ethanol concentrations. Adding small batches of wort at carefully defined time points and in optimised amounts, even during the main fermentation, improves the physiological state of the yeast cells and rapidly decreases the carbon concentration within the fermentation tank. Both of these factors help to promote quick fermentation to a high quality diet beer. Thus, the flow cytometric investigations provided a reliable basis for identifying effective means of improving the process regime for brewing both of these products. 相似文献
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啤酒酿造过程中风味物质研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
<正>风味物质是啤酒发酵过程中产生的副产物,随着发酵工程的不断发展,目前越来越受到人们的关注。目前,国外的研究者将目光投向啤酒酿造的主体——啤酒酵母,试图从酵母本身的改造来提高啤酒的风味稳定性,这标志着着人们已经开始把工作中心转移到对酵母代谢的基础研究上来。 相似文献