数控磨削回转面刀具时机床联动轴数的确定

根据回转面刀槽螺旋面的成形原理 ,阐释了回转面刀具数控磨削成形的过程实质上就是控制每一瞬时砂轮几何体与工件几何体在空间的相对位姿和相对运动趋势的过程 ;分析了砂轮平动型和砂轮摆动型CNC工具磨床的运动形式 ,讨论了机床联动轴数的确定原则并给出了计算实例     

CBN/CNC磨削装置

<正> 立方氮化硼(CBN)砂轮在刀具制造业中深受欢迎。用CBN砂轮配用微机数控(CNC)机床加工的刀具,在刀具质量、寿命、性能和切削速度上都优于用传统方法生产的刀具。CBN/CNC磨削装置最初只是在立铣刀的加工中获得成功,目前此类装置正扩大到各种丝锥、刨削工具、成形刀具、铣刀类和其它切削刀具     

“S”形刃球头立铣刀的磨削成形刀位轨迹研究

基于球头立铣刀"S"形刀刃曲线完成了球头前刀面和后刀面的砂轮刀位轨迹计算,根据CNC工具磨床转换为机床的运动参数,结合计算机语言及切削仿真验证了数学模型的正确性,为"S"形刃球头立铣刀的磨削成形提供了理论依据。     

上海中羽工业钻石有限公司

金刚石聚晶工具陶瓷结合剂专用金刚石砂轮 磨削金刚石聚晶工具陶瓷结合剂专用金刚石砂轮,磨削硬质合金钻头各类专用金刚石砂轮,CNC工具磨床专用金刚石和立方氮化硼砂轮,各类金刚石、立方氮化硼砂轮及刀具,各类大规格尺寸金刚石和立方氮化硼砂轮,各类金刚石、立方氨化硼及工具。     

用CNC坐标磨床制造模具的实例

一、CNC坐标磨床的性能 加工淬硬模具上的精密孔系或型面,一直是制造模具的难题。要确保凸凹模均匀而小的间隙或是一种非圆形状的曲面,就更加困难。但如果使用CNC坐标磨床加工,就能可靠地保证模具的技术要求。 CNC坐标磨床有很高的加工精度。它的定位精度一般为0.003mm,加工坐标精度稳定。 CNC坐标磨床另一特点是,同时能控制机床的多“轴运动。如宁江机床厂生产的 MK2932B型连续轨迹数控坐标磨床具有X(纵向运动)、Y(横向运动)、C(砂轮轴线绕主轴轴线旋转)、A(数控转台)四轴.数控或三轴联动(X、 Y、 C或 X、 Y、 A)功能。MK2932 …     

犁切刀具的几何建模与加工

根据翅片犁切成型原理,确定了犁切刀具的主要参数,建立了犁切刀具的几何模型,并利用刀具参数建立了主切削刃、前刀面、成形面、后刀面的数学模型。利用该数学模型,在万用工具磨床上分三步加工出了犁切刀具。     

凹面轮廓凸轮轴成形磨削工艺研究

分析带有凹面轮廓的凸轮轴(简称凹面凸轮轴)数控磨削加工难点,提出采用大砂轮与小砂轮复合数控成形磨削凹面凸轮轴新工艺。给出了小砂轮半径的计算公式,通过计算凹面轮廓的最小曲率半径,对比判断是否需要切换砂轮。详细分析了大砂轮与小砂轮复合数控成形磨削凹面凸轮轴新工艺过程,并在CNC8325B全数控凸轮轴超高速复合磨床上进行了高速磨削加工实验,实验结果表明,该工艺方法可以实现凹面凸轮轴轮廓的磨削成形加工,满足了加工精度要求。     

双螺杆压缩机转子的精密磨削工艺研究

以螺纹磨削理论为依据,数控螺杆转子磨床为原型,砂轮直径变化量为关联尺寸,建立了螺杆转子磨削和砂轮修型的工艺尺寸链。利用该工艺尺寸链,可以精确计算出螺杆转子磨削用砂轮的精确廓形,同时可确定砂轮修型和螺杆转子磨削时机床运动参数,实现数控螺杆转子磨床的砂轮CNC精确修型和螺杆转子的精密磨削。对提高机床加工效率,保证螺杆转子加工质量具有实际意义。     

磨削R圆弧的夹具

一般工厂要经常磨削R圆弧形刀具或成形样板,如R球面车刀、O型密封圈压模车刀、半圆弧样板等。用光学曲线磨床或修整成形砂轮的办法加工,存在生产效率低、光洁度差、R不精确等缺点。而R车刀的前角也不能沿R圆弧磨出。为此,设计了两种磨削夹具(图1、图2)。用这两种夹具在万能工具磨床上,可磨削R圆弧及刀具的前后角。由于使用这种夹具,并以砂轮圆周连续摆动磨削,加工光洁度可达7～0 ,减少了砂轮的损耗和修整次数。此种夹具操作方便、制造简单、生产效率高、R尺寸精确。     

螺纹磨床CNC砂轮修整器的参数设计

CNC砂轮修整器是螺纹磨床的关键部件,其结构参数的设计在满足传统设计的同时,必须考虑砂轮修型的自动化要求。综合考虑修整器的结构设计和后续砂轮修型程序编制的可操作性,本文设计了一种CNC砂轮修整器的结构及砂轮的修型方法,针对修整器工作时两个方向工作行程的特殊性,提出了相应参数的设计方法。     

Studies on friction and wear properties of surface produced by ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling

The grinding of elliptical gears on a computer numerical control (CNC) gear grinder with conical wheel is studied according to the mesh theory of elliptical gears. Two machining methods form the machine structure and movement, namely a mobile grinding wheel type and a fixed grinding wheel type. Mathematical models of the movement relation for the elliptical gear grinding process are built up. Since the teeth of the elliptical gears are different from each other, their generating length is also different. Based on the analysis of generating and indexing movement, a universal generating length formula of each tooth is proposed. Basic machining parameters of each tooth, for these two types of machines, are computed using a practical example. The dynamic simulation of generating track is given. The research results show that the grinding of elliptical gears with a CNC conical wheel gear grinder is feasible.     

CBN球面砂轮数控磨削复杂形状刀具

提出一种新的磨削加工工艺,即采用CBN球面砂轮数控磨削复杂形状刀具,利用球面的自适应性,以减少所需CNC磨床联动轴数,并实现球头铣刀不同形状刀体接合处前刀面的光滑过渡。同时,新工艺为新型的复杂曲面CNC磨削工艺系统的开发提供理论参考。在以AutoCAD2006为基础构建的磨削仿真加工平台上,以典型的圆锥球头立铣刀前刀面的磨削加工为例,验证了该方法在减少机床联动轴数以及实现前刀面光滑过渡问题中的可行性和有效性。     

A novel CNC grinding method for the rake face of a taper ball-end mill with a CBN spherical grinding wheel

A novel method using a CBN spherical grinding wheel to grind the rake face of a taper ball-end mill and the configuration of corresponding CNC tool grinder are presented. This method utilizes the self-adaptation characteristics of a sphere to decrease the number of simultaneous cooperative axes of a CNC tool grinder and to smooth the rake face on the transition area between the taper and the ball-end of the mill. In order to obtain an accurate normal rake angle, which is one of the key factors affecting tool cutting performance, a moving coordinate system based on the required normal rake angle and the cutting edge was established. Then, by the proposed moving coordinate system, an algorithm to determine the position and orientation of a spherical grinding wheel, the basis of CNC code generation, is proposed and the relevant formulations are deduced. The 3D simulation of rake face grinding for a taper ball-end mill with constant helical angle indicates that the number of simultaneous cooperative axes of the CNC tool grinder is decreased from five to four and the smooth transition of the rake face is realized by the proposed method herein.     

基于多体系统理论的螺纹磨削研究

将多体系统运动建模方法应用到数控螺纹磨床建模中,建立机床、工件和砂轮的运动关系,推导出多线砂轮磨削螺纹的加工方程。开发螺纹磨削仿真软件,获得螺纹磨削加工G代码,在磨削螺纹的生产中取得了很好的效果。     

转子磨床CNC砂轮修整器的砂轮初始修形方法研究

采用CNC砂轮修整器使复杂螺旋面工件的精密磨削成为可能,利用CNC砂轮修整器对新砂轮进行初始修形是砂轮修整的关键步骤.提出了3种砂轮的初始修形方法,对比了各自的优缺点,为CNC砂轮修整器的初始设计提供了理论基础,为用户实际加工提供了操作依据.     

五轴工具磨床通用后置处理研究

数控机床后置处理能将刀位轨迹转换为机床数控加工程序,其先进程度对零件加工质量和效率有重要影响。目前五轴工具磨床后置处理大都专机专用或另外购买专用后置处理模块。通过对五轴工具磨床的结构类型分析,建立通用五轴工具磨床运动模型,并采用机床运动创成函数将砂轮的位姿转换为机床各轴的运动量,从而得到五轴工具磨床通用后置处理方法,提高了五轴工具磨床后置处理算法的通用性。     

Form-truing error compensation of diamond grinding wheel in CNC envelope grinding of free-form surface

In computer numerical control (CNC) grinding of free-form surface, an ideal arc profile of trued diamond grinding wheel is generally employed to plan 3D tool paths, whereas its form-truing errors greatly influence the ground form accuracy. A form-truing error compensation approach is proposed by using an approached wheel arc profile to replace the previously designed ideal one. The objective is to directly compensate the trued wheel arc-profile errors. It may avoid the time consumption of traditional approach that compensates the measured coordinate point errors of workpiece to an iterative grinding operation. First, the 3D tool path surface was constructed to plan the 3D tool paths. Second, the CNC arc truing of grinding wheel was conducted to analyze the form-truing error distribution relative to the applied wheel arc profile. Then, the form-truing error compensation was carried out in CNC envelope grinding. Finally, the iterative closest point (ICP) algorithm was used to match the measured coordinate points of workpiece to ideal free-form surface. It is shown that the 3D tool path surface constructed is practicable to plan arbitrary 3D tool paths for the form-truing error compensation. The ICP matching may be used to investigate 3D ground form error distribution. It is confirmed that the form-truing error compensation can directly improve the 3D ground form accuracy. It may decrease the 3D ground form error by about 20% when the 2D form-truing error is reduced by about 58% using the same truing conditions for CNC grinding.     

A manufacturing model of an end mill using a five-axis CNC grinding machine

This paper presents a manufacturing model of a flat-end mill using a five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) grinding machine. The profile of the helical groove can be precisely calculated using a given wheel profile and the relative movements between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The results of the calculation of the numerical control (NC) data for all the grinding processes of the end mill are fully presented in the paper. The NC data for the machining end mill were generated from the developed program by using the given design parameters of tool geometry, wheel geometry, wheel setting, and machine setting. The effects of the design and manufacturing of the end mill were analyzed based on the computer simulation and experiment results. This study provides a practical and efficient model for the manufacturing of an end mill using a CNC grinding machine with simple programming techniques. The prediction of the end mill geometry for the designing of the proper configuration of the end mill before manufacturing and generating the NC code for machining in a CNC machine is necessary to save time and to reduce the manufacturing cost.     

RESEARCH ON PARALLEL GRINDING METHOD OF NON-AXlSYMMETRIC ASPHERIC LENS

In order to resolve the problems of machining non-axisymmetric aspheric lens,which is short of flexibility in mould grinding and needs high accuracy CNC machine center in globe diamond wheel grinding,a new parallel grinding method that utilizes common arc diamond wheel is put forward.Base on the approach calculation of machining locus,the advantages of parallel grinding that machines non-axisymmetric aspheric lens by 2.5-axis CNC machine center have been obtained.The results of grinding experiment show the new method can meet the need of grinding high accuracy non-axisymmetric aspheric lens.     

螺旋刃刀具前刀面数控磨削工艺及刀位计算

通过螺旋刃刀具前刀面数控磨削工艺方案讨论,指出了改善磨削性能和提高磨削效率措施。分析了砂轮与刀具前刀面之间的相对位置关系,给出了数学模型,提出了数控磨削螺旋刃刀具刀位轨迹生成的实用方法。