智能电表多应力可靠性试验平台设计与应用

设计开发了一种适用于智能电表的多应力可靠性试验平台,可模拟现场运行环境中的各种应力,并采用自动控制切换各种应力,通过程序控制试验过程。基于该试验平台,提出了针对性试验实施方案。试验应用发现,该试验平台可加速可靠性试验过程,更易激发在单应力可靠性试验中难以发现的故障隐患,进一步提高了智能电表可靠性水平。     

交直流网络系统可靠性评估的Monte Carlo-FD混合法

在分析交直流网络系统可靠性说估计算条件的基础上,考虑到网络的实际运行情况,提出一种将可靠性研究的两种经典方法（邓模拟法和解析法）结合使用的新方法－－ＭｏｎｔｅＣａｒｌｏ－ＦＤ混合法,并对其可靠性等效模型作了深入研究。详细讨论了整个交直流网络系统的模拟方法,具体分析了计划检修的模拟和一阶、二阶三番五次２的判别方法,并区分了故障后潮流调整与否两种实际情况,阐述了网络系统可靠性状态分析的方法并在系统随机     

处理配电系统可靠性评估不确定性的未确知数学方法

提出了基于未确知数学理论的处理配电系统可靠性评估不确定性的新方法,即用未确知有理数表示原始参数和可靠性指标。结合网络等值法,给出了基于未确知有理数的配电系统可靠性评估模型和算法。该方法与常规的可靠性评估方法相比,可反映各原始参数不确定性对可靠性指标的综合影响及指标值的可能性分布情况,可以更精细地描述系统可靠性的真实程度,通过一些简化处理后,计算量增加不大;与模糊可靠性评估方法和区间分析方法相比,提供的信息量更大,更充分地反映指标的不确定性,而计算量相当。通过实例说明了该方法的合理性和有效性。     

考虑系统暂态稳定性的电网可靠性评估方法

传统的电网可靠性评估方法主要基于系统充裕性分析,即系统在规定运行要求下满足系统负荷需求的能力,以此评价电网的供电可靠性。提出一种新的可靠性评估方法,它不仅对系统进行充裕性分析,而且通过位能边界曲面方法（PEBS）对电网进行暂态稳定性分析,从而拓展了电网可靠性评估范围,并在此基础上计算出相应的可靠性指标,最后通过一个算例说明所提方法的有效性。     

配电网可靠性指标的灰色组合预测方法及应用

针对配电网可靠性的特点,在充分考虑可靠性指标的历史变化趋势和顾及各种相关因素对可靠性指标的影响的情况下,分别建立了基于历史统计数据的横向预测模型和考虑相关因素影响的纵向预测模型,形成了灰色组合预测模型,充分发挥了灰色预测模型所需样本小、精确度高的优点.对某地区配电网可靠性统计数据的实例分析,证明了该方法的有效性.     

复杂配电网络可靠性评估的向量法

在故障模式后果分析法的基础上，提出配电网络可靠性指标计算的向量法。该方法以构造负荷点供电“最小路馈线段行向量”的方法，方便地求得带子馈线、备用电源的复杂配电网络的可靠性指标。在最小路馈线段行向量生成后，计算中不需要再考虑网络结构，可简化计算。同时，还有助于方便地找出配电网中的薄弱环节。实例计算表明，向量法计算结果准确、计算过程更加简单。     

含裂纹构件剩余寿命的一种概率断裂力学分析方法

本文提出了一种含裂纹构件剩余寿命的概率断裂力学分析方法。该方法不仅考虑了材质的不均匀性和使用工况的波动性对构件剩余寿命的影响,而且还考虑了裂纹扩展引起构件剩余强度逐渐降低,以及新的疲劳裂纹不断萌生等因素对构件剩余寿命和可靠性的影响,从而给出了较为符合实际情况的含裂纹构件剩余寿命和可靠性随使用时间变化的一般规律。并以某船用锅炉汽水联箱为例,通过其实测和试验数据,得到了相应的数值结果。为分析该锅炉当前使用状况的可靠程度以及合理地确定其检修时间,提供了定量的技术参考依据。     

Neural network approach to fault classification for high speedprotective relaying

This paper presents a new approach to fault classification for high speed protective relaying and show its effectiveness in computer simulations on parallel transmission lines. The scheme is based on the use of neural network architecture and implementation of digital signal processing concepts. We begin by classifying several fault types like 1-phase-to-ground, 2-phase-to-ground and 3-phase-to-ground faults. We proceed with classification of arcing and nonarcing faults in order to obtain a successful automatic reclosing. Encouraging results are shown and indicate that this approach can be used for supporting a new generation of very high speed protective relaying systems     

电网规划中的可靠性成本-效益分析研究

通过定义可靠性边际成本与可靠性边际效益概念,阐明电网规划中的可靠性成本＿效益分析问题。以用户缺电成本大小衡量可靠性效益高低,将规划的可靠性成本性效益统一在对电网的经济性评估上;通过构造缺电损失评价率给出缺电成本计算方法。最后通过计算缺电损失评价率以及相应的缺电成本,说明了所提方法的可行性。     

An approach for explicitly modeling the protective relaying systemin substation reliability evaluation studies

The authors present an approach for evaluating the reliability of a power system substation taking into account its associated protective relaying system. The method employs the technique of minimum cutsets to compute the frequency and duration of a fault with respect to the criterion of continuity of electric service. The protective relaying system is accounted for by explicitly incorporating its elements into a new functional model developed for their associated circuit breakers. The approach was implemented in the form of a computer program and used to compare the reliability of several substation arrangements. These comparisons as well as some details on the practical implementation of the approach are also presented     

安排交直流并联输电线路计划检修的新方法

由于大型交直流并联输电系统承担着跨地区、跨系统、远距离、大功率的输电任务．因此如何安排系统中的线路元件进行计划检修将直接影响检修期内系统的安全性和稳定性。基于这一点提出了一种安排输电线路计划检修的新方法,同时给出了该方法的数学模型。模型中系统的风险度是基于可靠性原理定义的,它反映的是系统在某种状态下的不可靠程度。该模型是一个0—l整数规划,用枚举法可以容易地求解。应用这种方法可以对系统在各检修期内的风险水平进行比较．从而作出相应的对策．保证整个系统在计划检修期间的安全性和稳定性。     

发输电组合系统可靠性评估的Monte-Carlo仿真及并行处理

并行处理为大规模电力系统问题的分析和计算提供了新的机会和挑战，为大大缩短电力系统可靠性评估的计算时间，实现在线应用提供了强有力的支持：本文介绍了发输电组合系统可靠性评估的基本概念，并详细分析了各种Monte-Carlo仿真的基本原理，提出了一种基于粗颗粒异步算法的并行处理的网络拓扑结构，并分析其基本原理，最后介绍了实现主从处理器以TCP／IP方式通信的方法。     

基于联系数的配电系统可靠性不确定性评估

介绍了联系数的概念及其运算准则,在结合联系数运算和配电系统可靠性评估网络等值法的基础上,提出基于联系数的配电系统可靠性不确定性评估新方法.该方法用联系数表示原始参数和可靠性指标,通过联系数运算处理原始参数的不确定性,计算出具有确定项与不确定项的可靠性联系数指标.该方法与常规的可靠性评估方法相比,可反映各原始参数不确定性对可靠性指标的影响及不确定性情况,能更好地描述系统可靠性的真实程度;与区间分析法和未确知数法相比,该方法包含了前2种方法的所有特点,提供的信息量更大,更适合实际应用.算例表明了该方法的合理性和有效性.     

Reliability evaluation of distribution systems with nonexponentialdown times

This paper describes an analytical technique and a Monte Carlo simulation approach for determining the reliability indices of distribution systems. The proposed analytical method is based on the `device of stages' technique so that the impact of equipment aging can be incorporated into the model. Two types of stage configurations are described. For each configuration, the parameters of their probability density functions are estimated using the method of matching moments. The Monte Carlo simulation approach utilizes the component state duration sampling method. A computer program has been developed to implement these methods. The application of the concepts presented in the paper are illustrated by the analysis of a practical configuration     

Composite power systems reliability evaluation based on demand-side reserve

This paper proposes new demand-side reliability indices and useful computational methods for reliability evaluation of composite power systems. These new indices are based on the active power which can reach each demand spot under generating and transmission network constraints. This conception is defined as “reachable power,” and it leads the reserve margin on each demand spot, which is called as “demand-side reserve.” If the reachable power is insufficient to satisfy the demand, load curtailment is required. In the proposed approach, the conception of the load curtailment area is defined, and the estimate method of load curtailment area is indicated. In case the reachable power exceeds the demand, system reliability is evaluated by the demand-side reserve, and the power system is divided into several reliability zones according to the demand-side reserve levels. Small system examples are used to illustrate principles of the proposed approach, and middle system examples show the effectiveness and practicality.     

空压机系统的RCM策略实践

阐述了以可靠性为中心的检修模式(RCM)理论观点，并介绍了电厂实施RCM的工作流程，以及如何根据故障模态、故障效应、故障后果分析来确定设备检修方式、制定检修计划的方法。     

应用工业安全可靠性评价技术评价电力变压器的探讨

运用最新工业安全可靠性评价技术(网络模型法、故障树法、马尔可夫模型法、故障模式和失效分析法),深入分析了重要的输变电设备--电力变压器的可靠性.计算了变压器串联和并联模型的可靠度;构建了变压器故障树简化模型,并进行了定性和定量分析;构建了变压器马尔可夫状态转移模型,并介绍了多种可靠性指标的计算方法;介绍了故障模式和失效分析的步骤和实例.     

COMPOSITE RELIABILITY EVALUATION OF INTERCONNECTED POWER SYSTEMS

ABSTRACT

A power network can be divided into several subsystems such as generation, transmission and distribution subsystems. The most popular approaches for reliability evaluation, namely contingency enumeration and Monte-Carlo simulations, have been combined in this paper to form a hybrid algorithm for reliability assessment of composite generation and transmission subsystems. The main objective of this hybrid approach is to enumerate transmission outages and then sample generation states, conditioned to each enumerated transmission state, to evaluate the annualized reliability indices of the entire system and different load centers

Within the proposed hybrid algorithm for generation rescheduling, correction of voltage levels or alleviating of component overloading in order to minimize the amount of load curtailment, a linear programming model is implemented. This algorithm has been utilized for assessing the reliability of the Unified Egyptian Power System. Moreover a weak point analysis is carried out to define the different measures to improve the system reliability. These measures include generation capacity addition, increasing transmission capacity or regional interconnection with other utilities.     

试议电力设备的可靠性维修

分析传统的计划检修存在的一些弊端，指出传统的维修方法在认识上存在的许多误区。分析了供电设备的可靠性特点，并以可靠性理论为指导，提出维修策略，阐述如何开展可靠性维修的基本方法，强调对故障后果的分析，针对几种常见的维修方法分析确定维修的间隔期。     

电力系统及电力设备的可靠性

介绍了电力系统可靠性和电力设备可靠性的基本概念及可靠性评估原理。总结了近年来国内外在这一领域获得的新成果及面临的新挑战和新机遇。