多用户OFDM系统

通过对多用户情况下正交频分复用技术(OFDM)的多载波传输系统(包括OFDM-FDMA,OFDM-TDMA和OFDM-CDMA)的分析,提出了在传统多用户情况下的OFDM-FDMA系统上对子载波进行优化的分配方案,并与各种多载波技术频率选择性衰落信道的环境下的传输性能进行了研究比较,仿真结果表明该方案性能要优于其他的多载波方案.     

多用户OFDM系统

通过对多用户情况下正交频分复用技术(OFDM)的多载波传输系统(包括OFDM-FDMA,OFDM-TDMA和OFDM-CDMA)的分析,提出了在传统多用户情况下的OFDM-FDMA系统上对子载波进行优化的分配方案,并与各种多载波技术频率选择性衰落信道的环境下的传输性能进行了研究比较,仿真结果表明该方案性能要优于其他的多载波方案.     

基于认知无线电的WiMAX系统多用户资源分配算法

基于认知无线电(CR)和OFDM的传输特性,提出了一种WiMAX系统多用户资源分配算法.感知用户根据认知到的频谱资源信息,在不对授权用户造成干扰的前提下使用空闲频谱资源.利用注水算法对多个用户请求使用同一子载波进行裁决,在满足传输速率以及QoS要求下,完成子载波、比特和功率分配,使整个系统传输功率最小.仿真结果表明,基于认知无线电的WiMAX系统多用户资源分配算法的传输功率和性能明显优于使用静态算法方案的系统.     

单载波大规模MIMO频域预均衡与波束成型的联合设计

本文考虑了单载波频域预处理技术作为多用户大规模MIMO下行链路通信的传输方案。首先,根据系统模型推导出宽带多用户大规模MIMO下行链路预编码的形式,其中包括匹配滤波(MF)和迫零(ZF)预编码方案。随后,通过理论推导和仿真验证得到两种预编码方案下OFDM与SC-FDP的用户和速率表达式,结果显示SC-FDP在大规模MIMO场景下拥有与OFDM相似的用户和速率。然后,通过仿真实验对比OFDM与SC-FDP的峰均比(PAPR),结果表明在用户数目较少的情况下,SC-FDP相对于OFDM具有更小的PAPR,随着用户数增加,两者之间差异逐渐减小。最后,对多用户MIMO下行链路中OFDM与SC-FDP的运算复杂度进行比较,二者系统复杂度相当,而SC-FDP主要运算任务在基站端完成。基于以上比较分析,SC-FDP在宽带多用户大规模MIMO下行链路中是一种很有潜力的传输方案。      

基于OFDM-MSFH系统的全部载波接入方法的研究

本文根据MB-OFDM-UWB系统的特点,提出了将OFDM技术和MSFH(多级跳频)技术结合的全部载波多址接入方案.该多址方案有二级构成,其中前一级使用OFDM,设计时参考了Multi-band OFDM Physical Proposal for IEEE 802.15 TaskGroup3a中的物理层建议,后一级采用跳频模块,并将基于余数域的多级跳频图案应用到该多址方案中,不仅大大减小了多用户碰撞的概率,而且有利于超宽带信号的生成.理论分析和仿真结果表明,基于OFDM和多级跳频结构的全部载波多址接入方案在系统容量、误比特率性能、抗干扰等方面具有诸多的优势.在8用户情况下,当系统误比特率为10~(-2)时,基于该结构的全载波方案比TH-PPM多址方案改善信噪比5dB左右.     

基于Jake信道模型的单载波与OFDM系统性能比较

在介绍正交频分复用(OFDM)系统与单载波频域均衡系统原理基础上,针对第四代移动通信系统中无线传输中由时变多径时延扩展和Doppler频移所引起的符号问干扰ISI,在上行链路中采用单载波调制及频域均衡。依据IEEE WorkingGmup802.20的草案及根据改进的Jake信道模型,选用QPSK、4QAM、64QAM等调制方式对单载波系统进行仿真,并与OFDM系统进行性能比较。结果表明,该方案性能与OFDM系统相当,同时有效地克服了OFDM系统的缺点。     

基于天线波束成形的OFDMA系统的自适应资源分配

对正交频分复用接入系统在多用户多天线传输情况下的自适应资源分配策略进行了研究,提出了一种基于天线波束成形的,包括动态子载波分配、自适应调制、比特加载的无线资源分配方案.算法的优化设计目标是在满足总的恒定传输比特数和误比特率性能要求的情况下,使得系统总的发射功率最小.仿真结果表明,由于多天线阵列增益和多用户分集增益,系统整体性能得到了明显的优化.     

WPT—CDMA系统中的鲁棒白适应波束形成算法的研究

利用小波包变换的多载波调制避免了OFDM技术中由多径效应引起的载波的正交性损失,同时降低了为此加入的循环前缀引起的信噪比损失,因而使用小波包变换的多载波CDMA系统（WPT-CDMA）性能优于传统的OFDM—CDMA系统。但在MIMO多用户传输环境下,接收机端的约束最小均方（CLMS）自适应波束形成算法在信号方向向量存在偏差及采样样本数目较少的情况下,会出现收敛速度慢、输出性能下降、不稳定等问题。针对这些问题本文提出应用在WPT—CDMA系统中的基于最差性能的鲁棒CLMS算法。从理论分析与仿真实验的结果都可以看到系统性能的改善。     

OFDM系统中的子载波分配策略

正交频分复用(OFDM)技术是未来宽带无线通信中最流行的技术之一。研究了适用于多用户(OFDM)系统中的多业务间子载波自适应资源分配机制。考虑了每个用的不同业务需求,资源根据每个用户不同的服务质量要求来分配。提出了基于OFDM系统的自适应子载波重分配算法,该算法能够最大程度地灵活分配所有子载波。仿真表明,使用此算法能在很大程度上改善OFDM系统的性能。     

单小区多用户下行OFDM系统资源分配算法研究

多用户正交频分复用(OFDM)系统中,充分利用多载波系统的多用户分集进行合理无线资源分配,能够显著提高系统容量和最大限度提高频谱利用率。经过广泛的研究,很多有效资源分配算法已经被提出来。重点讨论了单小区多用户OFDM系统关于子载波、比特及功率等无线资源的分配问题,介绍现有的研究成果,包括常见的模型及求解方法,并介绍近期的研究热点,包括多小区系统、多入多出(MIMO)系统等。     

Effect of Carrier Frequency Offset on the Channel Capacity in Multiuser OFDM-FDMA Systems

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a very robust transmission procedure in multipath and frequency selective radio channels. A Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) resource allocation technique offers the opportunity of a detailed link adaptation scheme. The combination of these transmission- and multiple access techniques in OFDM-FDMA is an ideal and very strong candidate for the downlink of future fourth generation (4G) mobile communication systems. This technical combination offers high cell capacities by exploiting the inherent multiuser diversity effect of the system. To apply OFDM-FDMA in the uplink, the time and carrier synchronization accuracy becomes very important. Non-ideal synchronization of the user signals to the carrier frequency of the base station leads to intercarrier interferences (ICI). In this paper, an analytical model for the ICI consideration in the uplink of a multiuser OFDM-FDMA based system is derived. The impact of the carrier frequency offset (CFO) on the performance of a cellular multiuser system with respect to different subcarrier allocation schemes is analyzed.

基于IEEE 802.16a的OFDM-FDMA与OFDM-TDMA的性能比较

对于使用OFDM传输技术的多载波系统,将OFDM技术与传统的多址接入方案,FDMA和TDMA相结合,可以实现多用户OFDM系统,这样派生出两种多址接入方案:OFDM-FDMA和OFDM-TDMA。研究了这两种多址技术,并基于IEEE 802.16a协议比较了他们的性能,用Matlab语言仿真实现了这两种多址系统。仿真结果表明OFDM-FDMA系统的误比特率性能要优于OFDM-TDMA系统。     

Adaptive Modulation and Multiple Access for the OFDM Transmission Technique

For the transmission of flexible andhigh data rates in future mobile communicationsystems, the multicarrier transmission technique(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing, OFDM) canbe regarded as a possible alternative tosingle-carrier transmission that is used in today'ssystems. One of the advantages of OFDM is theflexibility concerning modulation and multiple accesstechniques. Since in OFDM the total bandwidth isdivided into a large number of subcarriers, it can beflexibly shared among all the users. In addition, themodulation scheme can be individually chosen for eachsubcarrier, thus granting the possibility of anadaptation to the radio channel characteristics. Inthis paper, the combination of two different multipleaccess schemes, OFDM-FDMA and OFDM-TDMA, and anappropriate adaptive modulation technique isconsidered for the downlink of a communication system.Different degrees of adaptivity are analysed andcompared to show the benefit of an ``intelligent'multiple access and modulation strategy. For thegiven parameters and assumptions, OFDM-TDMA withadaptive modulation yields an improvement of 6 dB insignal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at a bit error rate (BER)of 10^-2. When OFDM-FDMA with adaptive subcarrierallocation is applied, the SNR gain amounts to 12.5 dB(BER of 10^-2).     

基于流量总时延最小的并行LSP自适应流量分配

MPLS的引入使IP网络的流量工程成为可能.如何平衡两个标记交换路由器的多条并行显式标记交换路径上的网络流量,从而达到避免拥塞和优化网络性能的目的,是流量工程研究的一个重要课题.本文指出流量总时延最小是最有价值和最实用的流量工程优化目标,通过分析平均分组时延和网络负载的约束关系,证明了优化解的存在,解出了其数学结果,提出了一种自适应流量分配新方法,理论分析和仿真结果都表明该方法具有简单、快速、收敛性强等优点.     

Jointly multi‐user detection and channel estimation with genetic algorithm

This work aims at proposing the use of the evolutionary computation methodology in order to jointly solve the multi‐user channel estimation (MuChE) and detection problems at its maximum‐likelihood, both related to the direct sequence code division multiple access (DS/CDMA). The effectiveness of the proposed heuristic approach is proven by comparing performance and complexity merit figures with that obtained by traditional methods found in literature. Simulation results considering genetic algorithm (GA) applied to multipath, DS/CDMA and MuChE and multi‐user detection (MuD) show that the proposed genetic algorithm multi‐user channel estimation (GAMuChE) yields a normalized mean square error estimation (nMSE) inferior to 11%, under slowly varying multipath fading channels, large range of Doppler frequencies and medium system load, it exhibits lower complexity when compared to both maximum likelihood multi‐user channel estimation (MLMuChE) and gradient descent method (GrdDsc). A near‐optimum multi‐user detector (MuD) based on the genetic algorithm (GAMuD), also proposed in this work, provides a significant reduction in the computational complexity when compared to the optimum multi‐user detector (OMuD). In addition, the complexity of the GAMuChE and GAMuD algorithms were (jointly) analyzed in terms of number of operations necessary to reach the convergence, and compared to other jointly MuChE and MuD strategies. The joint GAMuChE–GAMuD scheme can be regarded as a promising alternative for implementing third‐generation (3G) and fourth‐generation (4G) wireless systems in the near future. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Precoding and channel state information sharing in cooperative macro base stations and femto sites

Femto cell technology is a promising solution for indoor coverage of cellular systems. The interference between macro and femto cells can be mitigated via cooperation between the macro base station (BS) and the inside femto sites (FSs). In this paper, the idea of multi‐cell multi‐input and multi‐output is introduced, whereby the macro BS shares the same frequency band with the inside FSs in support of the femto users. Both single‐user and multi‐user precoding at the macro BS are proposed to support the cooperative transmission between the macro BSs and FSs. In single‐user precoding and multi‐user precoding without power allocation, only the angle information of the FS‐user channels is required to be sent from the users to the macro BS. If the magnitude information is also sent by each user, multi‐user precoding with power allocation can be employed to support cooperation between macro BSs and FSs, which is an extension of the classical water‐filling optimization problem. Theoretical derivations and an iterative algorithm are both presented to solve this optimization problem. Analytical and simulation results with respect to the signal received with interferences validate the effectiveness of cooperation between the macros BSs and FSs.Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多用户检测CDMA系统的阻塞度量和控制

本文讨论了ＣＤＭＡ系统在多用户检测和单用户检测两种情况下系统的阻塞度量和控制问题,并给出了相应的用户功率平衡方程和小区干扰平衡方程。本文证明两种平衡方程有相同的阻塞因子,但干扰平衡方程和维数与系统内小区数相等,并远小于用户功率平衡方程的维数即系统用户数,因而降低了计算复杂度。理论和模拟结果表明多用户检测系统中平衡方程有更小的阻塞因子,因而相对应的迭代算法能很快收敛,并且系统的阻塞率得到降低。     

Power control and channel allocation for real‐time applications in cellular networks

The next‐generation packet‐based wireless cellular network will provide real‐time services for delay‐sensitive applications. To make the next‐generation cellular network successful, it is critical that the network utilizes the resource efficiently while satisfying quality of service (QoS) requirements of real‐time users. In this paper, we consider the problem of power control and dynamic channel allocation for the downlink of a multi‐channel, multi‐user wireless cellular network. We assume that the transmitter (the base‐station) has the perfect knowledge of the channel gain. At each transmission slot, a scheduler allots the transmission power and channel access for all the users based on the instantaneous channel gains and QoS requirements of users. We propose three schemes for power control and dynamic channel allocation, which utilize multi‐user diversity and frequency diversity. Our results show that compared to the benchmark scheme, which does not utilize multi‐user diversity and power control, our proposed schemes substantially reduce the resource usage while explicitly guaranteeing the users' QoS requirements. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

多用户MIMO系统在有限反馈下结合预编码与调度算法的研究

捅要：研究了多用户多输入多输出（MIMO）系统在有限反馈下的一种结合单位预编码与用户调度算法的方案。在该系统中每一用户都具有多个接收天线,该方案具有较大的多用户分集增益和较小的计算复杂度,从而能够减少系统中的用户间干扰。每个用户独立地决定自己的天线合并矢量,并将最优波束矢量以及对应的估计信干噪比通过有限反馈信道反馈给基站,此时基站获取了相应的用户信道信息和用户间干扰信息。基于接收到的反馈信息,基站从预定义的码本中选取和速率最大的最优子集进行系统预编码,然后依照预编码矩阵调度欧氏距离最小的用户且用户个数不超过发送天线的数目。仿真结果显示该方案有效地改善了系统速率,特别是在用户数目较多或者信道环境较好的情况下。     

频率选择性衰落信道下DS-CDMA系统发射分集技术

本文研究多径频率选择性衰落信道下,DS-CDMA系统开环发射分集技术.提出了一种将线性多用户检测与发射分集相结合的新方法,该方法能在克服信道衰落的同时抑制多址干扰和码间串扰.针对两种不同的扩频码分配方式,本文分别给出了盲和半盲的信道估计和检测算法.仿真结果表明,本文所提方法的性能优于基于空时分组码的RAKE接收机,特别是存在远近效应时性能改善更大.