糖尿病合并肺结核的治疗

目的探讨糖尿病合并肺结核的临床治疗效果。方法回顾性分析45例糖尿病合并肺结核患者的临床资料,比较治疗效果及不同血糖控制水平的疗效。结果经正规治疗后,45例患者治愈率为60%,显效率为20%,好转率为11.1%,治疗总有效率为91.1%;不同血糖控制水平间疗效差异显著(P<0.05)。结论糖尿病合并肺结核的治疗应降糖和抗结核治疗同时进行,控制血糖是治疗的关键。     

老年糖尿病患者的护理体会

目的探讨老年糖尿病患者的护理措施。方法回顾性分析97例老年糖尿病患者的临床资料和护理措施。结果 97例糖尿病患者采用饮食护理、内科综合治疗及心理护理,有效的控制血糖,有效预防了并发症的发生,提高了生活质量,使病情得到缓解。结论对老年糖尿病患者的精心护理和有效治疗措施是糖尿病患者康复的关键。     

糖尿病合并抑郁症的护理干预

探讨糖尿病合并抑郁症的临床状况,跟踪调查592例患者,合并抑郁症者血糖控制不良,病程延长,经济负担重,对此采取积极的护理措施,为患者缓解压力,提高医疗效果。     

糖尿病合并肺结核临床诊疗对策

目的探讨糖尿病合并肺结核的临床特点及其治疗方法。方法对2000年至2006年收治的30例糖尿病并肺结核患者的病例进行回顾性分析。结果糖尿病合并肺结核病情复杂而严重,痰菌阳性率高,病灶范围广泛,以干酪病灶为主,多伴空洞及支气管播散。结论糖尿病与肺结核相互影响,互为因果关系,两病并存时肺结核的疗效与血糖控制密切相关,异烟肼、利福平、吡嗪酰胺、链霉素为主要的一线抗痨药物,左氧氟沙星(来立信)、丁胺卡那、胰岛素控制糖尿病并发肺结核的病情及促使痰茵转阴上有较好的治疗效果。     

恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病患者的临床分析

目的分析恶性肿瘤患者化疗加重、诱发糖尿病的机理,探讨在恶性肿瘤化疗过程中如何控制糖尿病患者的血糖及预防继发糖尿病。方法回顾分析我院近2年来恶性肿瘤合并糖尿病48例患者的病历资料,进行归纳、分析。结果所有病人在化疗过程中血糖水平均有不同程度的升高,有11例患者化疗后诱发糖尿病。两组患者通过合理的营养支持治疗和对血糖的有效干预,所有患者均能完成化疗,化疗后血糖控制良好。结论通过合理的饮食及支持治疗和适量的降糖药物的应用,定期监测血糖,对出现的继发性糖尿病及时治疗,能保障化疗的顺利进行,提高病人的生存质量。     

老年糖尿病合并肺结核52例临床分析

目的了解糖尿病合并肺结核的临床特点,提高对老年糖尿病肺结核的认识,争取早发现、早治疗。方法对2年间52例老年糖尿病肺结核病例进行临床分析。结果治疗3个月后,血糖控制在正常范围者32例,结核病变吸收和好转者39例,痰菌阴转者25例,空洞闭合或缩小者7例,空洞无变化者3例,死亡2例。结论积极控制血糖,使血糖控制在正常水平,合理的抗结核治疗对控制老年糖尿病肺结核亦起积极作用。     

2型糖尿病合并肺结核96例临床分析

目的探讨2型糖尿病合并肺结核诊断与治疗。方法 2004年至2009年我院收治96例2型糖尿病合并肺结核的诊断与治疗进行临床分析。结果早期诊断,尽早应用胰岛素使血糖控制在10mmol/L以下,肺结核预后良好。结论口服降糖药肺结核患者预后差,死亡率高。     

雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作疗效观察

目的探讨雾化吸入治疗支气管哮喘急性发作的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析我院收治的162例支气管哮喘急性发作患者,治疗组81例,采用沙丁胺醇溶液联合布地奈德混悬液雾化吸入治疗,对照组81例,采用吸入性低分子肝素联合布地奈德混悬液雾化治疗,比较2组疗效。结果治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组,有显著统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论雾化吸入治疗可直接作用与支气管平滑肌,起效快、副作用少,迅速缓解喘息等症状,提高治愈率,是治疗哮喘的最直接、有效地方法,值得在临床中使用。     

鼻吸入布地奈德对支气管哮喘的影响

目的研究鼻局部吸入布地奈德治疗过敏性鼻炎对哮喘发作的影响。探讨患者用布地奈德治疗过敏性鼻炎对哮喘症状及肺功能变化的影响。方法采用临床试验方法研究门诊63例支气管哮喘合并过敏性鼻炎患者。随机分为布地奈德组(30例)和对照组(33例)。所有患者均规律经口吸入哮喘常规药物,布地奈德组规律加用鼻吸布地奈德。随访12周后再次进行研究,比较患者哮喘症状以及肺功能变化。结果布地奈德组在经过鼻吸布地奈德12周后与对照组ACT记分和肺功能比较有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2组在治疗前的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论过敏性鼻炎是哮喘发病的危险因素,鼻局部吸入布地奈德治疗伴有轻、中度哮喘的过敏性鼻炎患者,当鼻炎症状改善的同时,哮喘症状亦获得缓解,气道反应性降低。     

12例糖尿病皮肤感染护理体会

目的探讨糖尿病患者合并严重皮肤感染的临床护理效果。方法将本院12例糖尿病皮肤感染患者采取有针对性的临床护理措施,观察其护理效果。结果经过精心护理,12例糖尿病皮肤感染患者中,治愈9例,显效1例,有效2例,无效0例。结论一旦确诊糖尿病,应加强自身防护,控制血糖、体重、规范饮食、适当运动,教育患者认识、保持皮肤完整的重要性,积极预防皮肤破损溃疡是预防糖尿病皮肤感染的重要措施。有效控制皮肤感染,减少糖尿病患者皮肤感染及再感染率。精心的临床护理对于糖尿病合并严重皮肤感染患者疗效显著,能减轻患者的痛苦。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。