一种基于分簇的改进ZRP路由协议

车联网(VANET)是Ad Hoc网络技术在车载环境下的具体应用,由于其网络拓扑频繁变化、节点快速移动、路由开销较大等原因,传统路由协议无法有效适用于车联网,新型路由协议的研究成为更具挑战性的热点。针对车辆网中ZRP协议规定任意节点都可划分为区域而导致分区高度重叠的问题,提出一种能够适用于车联网的基于分簇的改进ZRP路由协议,该协议用分层网络中的分簇来取代ZRP路由协议中的分区,以道路上行驶速度较慢的货车(客车)为簇首,两跳范围内的普通车辆根据分簇算法成为簇成员等方法实行主动式分簇,来降低簇生成算法的计算量,减少路由维护开销及端对端时延,增加分组投递率。采用OPNET仿真工具对改进的协议进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明,相比传统的ZRP路由协议,新改进协议的路由开销降低了20%,端对端时延降低29%,分组投递率提高36%。     

移动Ad Hoc网络中的ZRP

主要介绍了区域路由协议(ZRP),对Ad Hoc网络中的路由选择问题和ZRP提出的原因进行了讨论。详细描述了ZRP的结构和路由选择的过程,并且给出了一个实例。最后还介绍了询问控制机制,对ZRP的性能做一个总体的回顾和展望。     

无线自组网区域路由协议分析与最优半径配置

介绍了无线自组网的特点。讨论了其区域路由协议(ZRP)性能、参数及网络通信业务流量,并对区域内(IARP)通信量、区域间(IERP)通信量及ZRP总通信业务量进行仿真分析。最后建立最优区域路由半径模型和极值算法,实现了无线自组网区域路由半径最优配置。     

MANET路由技术的研究

当前Mobile Ad Hoc Networks（MANET）的最主要问题之一是寻找合适的路由协议。本文就目前已提出的MANET路由协议进行了简单的综述。一类是采用表驱动的方式．主要包括DSDV,WRP;另一类是按需协议,主要有DSR、AODV、TORA;还有一类是混合式路由协议,主要是ZRP。     

ZRP路由协议的NDP优化与仿真分析

针对区域路由协议(ZRP)的邻居发现协议NDP(Neighbor Discovery Protocol)需要大量控制信息进行了改进。在分析ND机制的基础上,提出了根据移动速度来调整更新周期T,采用被动应答机制来减少邻居节点发现开销和采用逐跳检测的方式进行路由维护来检测节点连通性等改进方式。利用NS-2进行了仿真分析,验证了改进后的ZRP在减少路由开销和提高包投递率方面都有明显的改善。     

移动自组网中区域路由协议(ZRP)的性能研究

针对移动自组网中的区域路由协议 (ZRP)做了详细的介绍与研究 ,并从移动性的角度出发 ,在多种网络场景中对该协议做了仿真与验证 ,分析研究了节点的移动性对该路由协议所造成的性能影响。     

一种适用于战术条件下的自组织网路由协议

应用于战术条件下的自组织网络,其拓扑具有长期稳定而短期突变的特性;其流量具有不均衡性,中心节点的流量比重较大.针对战术无线网络的这种特性设计了一种混合式路由协议(HRP),协议为近端节点采用先应式协议维护路由而为远端节点采用反应式协议维护路由,对远端节点的路由请求采用OLSR协议的MPR思想,限制反应式协议的路由开销.并且,在近端拓扑变化频度超过门限值后,发起针对繁忙节点的路由发现请求,保持到繁忙节点的路由常新,从而提高了路由命中率.仿真结果表明,应用HRP协议后,无论其选路质量还是应用层业务的时延和吞吐量指标都优于DSR和ZRP协议.     

一种基于功耗考虑的自组网路由算法研究

对移动自组网中路由协议的负载均衡问题进行了分析与研究,并以区域路由协议(ZRP)为基础,引入负载均衡的思想,对主动式部分的路由策略进行了算法改进。仿真结果证明,该算法在对路由开销没有明显增加以及算法复杂度不变的情况下,使得网络节点的功耗性能得到了很大的改善与提升。     

一种改进的LAR（Location-Aided Routing）协议

针对LAR路由协议的区域策略,提出一种改进的路由协议TTI-LAR.通过引进拦截时间(Time to Intercept)权值选择参与路由的中间节点,有效地降低了网络开销,提高了路由的可靠性.仿真结果表明,TTI_LAR路由协议与LAR路由协议相比,性能得到进一步改善.     

基于Android的DSDV路由协议实现与应用

DSDV路由协议是Ad-hoc网络中经典的主动式路由协议,是由传统的Bellman-Ford路由协议改进得到,其特点是利用目的节点序列号解决了DBF算法中的路由环路和计算至无穷问题。在简单介绍Ad-hoc网络和DSDV路由协议工作原理的基础上,说明了在Android系统下实现DSDV路由协议的总体方案。并在Google手机上做了验证和测试,得到转发时延,吞吐量等数据。测试结果表明提出的基于Android的DSDV路由协议方案实现是正确可行的。并开发了一款APK调用文章实现的DSDV路由协议,安装到Google手机应用于日常生活。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks