用于数字电视调谐芯片的高线性CMOS VGA

设计了一种适于DVB-C标准的中频可变增益放大器。该放大器由三部分构成:电流调节型可变增益单元、基于差分对管传输特性的指数控制电压产生电路以及一高线性输出级。采用Chartered0.25μm RFCMOS工艺库下流片。测试结果表明,4～49dB的连续增益范围,100MHz的3dB带宽,50Ω负载下的OIP3为16.8dBm。     

A Highly Linear Wideband CMOS Low-Noise Amplifier Based on Current Amplification for Digital TV Tuner Applications

A differential wideband low-noise amplifier (LNA) based on the current amplification scheme is presented for digital TV tuners. In order to highly improve the linearity and exploit the noise cancellation, a common-gate stage with positive current feedback is integrated in parallel with a common-source stage using the current mirror amplifier. The proposed 0.18-mum CMOS LNA exhibits a power gain of 20.5 dB, an IIP3 of 2.7 dBm, an IIP2 of 43 dBm, and an average noise figure of 3.3 dB with 32.4 mW power consumption at a 1.8-V power supply and 0.12 mm² area.     

A Wideband CMOS Low Noise Amplifier Employing Noise and IM2 Distortion Cancellation for a Digital TV Tuner

A wideband CMOS low noise amplifier (LNA) with single-ended input and output employing noise and IM2 distortion cancellation for a digital terrestrial and cable TV tuner is presented. By adopting a noise canceling structure combining a common source amplifier and a common gate amplifier by current amplification, the LNA obtains a low noise figure and high IIP3. IIP2 as well as IIP3 of the LNA is important in broadband systems, especially digital terrestrial and cable TV applications. Accordingly, in order to overcome the poor IIP2 performance of conventional LNAs with single-ended input and output and avoid the use of external and bulky passive transformers along with high sensitivity, an IM2 distortion cancellation technique exploiting the complementary RF performance of NMOS and PMOS while retaining thermal noise canceling is adopted in the LNA. The proposed LNA is implemented in a 0.18 $muhbox{m}$ CMOS process and achieves a power gain of 14 dB, an average noise figure of 3 dB, an IIP3 of 3 dBm, an IIP2 of 44 dBm at maximum gain, and S11 of under ${- 9}~{rm dB}$ in a frequency range from 50 MHz to 880 MHz. The power consumption is 34.8 mW at 2.2 V and the chip area is 0.16 ${rm mm}^{2}$.      

用于数字电视调谐器的宽带CMOS VCO设计

采用片外谐振网络和多VCO的结构设计了一个宽带CMOS VCO,并采用一种新型的电荷泵式自动幅度控制电路,确保了VCO在整个带宽内的可靠性。基于Chartered 0.25μm CMOS工艺的测试结果表明,该VCO的频率能够覆盖75~900 MHz,单边带相位噪声最佳值达到了-92 dBc/Hz@10 kHz。     

一种高线性宽带CMOS全差分放大器

设计了一种高线性度的宽带CMOS全差分放大器,输入级采用带有电阻共模负反馈的差分电路,输出级则由推挽跨导运算放大器及其反馈环路组成.采用输入级源退化电阻及输出级负反馈技术,使得差分输出峰峰值为1 V时三阶谐波失真达到-60 dB.同时利用反馈环路中反馈电容的欠阻尼滞后补偿作用,使放大器的带宽增大了15%.测试结果表明,在0.25 μmCMOS工艺下,该放大器-3 dB带宽达到150 MHz,噪声系数小于14 dB.     

A CMOS Resistive Feedback Differential Low-Noise Amplifier With Enhanced Loop Gain for Digital TV Tuner Applications

A resistive feedback differential low-noise amplifier (LNA) with enhanced loop gain is implemented as a part of a digital TV (DTV) tuner using a 0.18-$mu{hbox{m}}$ CMOS process. A voltage buffer having higher gain, higher linearity, and lower noise figure (NF) than those of the conventional differential source follower (DSF), which is called the differential hybrid voltage buffer (DHVB) in this paper, is designed by combining the common source amplifier and source follower. By adopting the DHVB with optimized performance as a voltage buffer of the conventional resistive feedback differential LNA, the loop gain of the LNA can be increased. This leads to a highly linear resistive feedback LNA with higher gain and lower NF compared to the conventional resistive feedback LNA. For the wide gain range, the proposed LNA includes the variable gain function based on the resistive attenuator employing the T-switch. The measurement results of the proposed LNA exhibit a maximum gain of 16 dB and a gain range of 50 dB. At maximum gain, the LNA shows an average NF of 2.8 dB, a third-order input-referred intercept point of $-{hbox{1 dBm}}$, a second-order input-referred intercept point of 40 dBm, and S11 of under $-{hbox{9 dB}}$ in a frequency range from 48 to 860 MHz. The power consumption is 30.6 mW at a 1.8-V power supply and the chip area is ${hbox{0.25 mm}}^{2}$.      

A Highly Linear CMOS Baseband Chain for Wideband Wireless Applications

The emergence of wide channel bandwidth wireless standards requires the use of a highly linear, wideband integrated CMOS baseband chain with moderate power consumption. In this paper, we present the design of highly linear, wideband active RC filters and a digitally programmable variable gain amplifier. To achieve a high unity gain bandwidth product with moderate power consumption, the feed‐forward compensation technique is applied for the design of wideband active RC filters. Measured results from a 0.5 µm CMOS prototype baseband chain show a cutoff frequency of 10 MHz, a variable gain range of 33 dB, an in‐band IIP3 of 13 dBV, and an input referred noise of 114 µVrms while dissipating 20 mW from a 3 V supply.     

A CMOS Harmonic Rejection Mixer With Mismatch Calibration Circuitry for Digital TV Tuner Applications

A harmonic rejection mixer with mismatch calibration circuitry in direct-conversion receiver architecture for digital TV tuner applications is designed and fabricated in 0.18-$mu$m CMOS technology. Odd harmonic mixing in the 48–862 MHz digital TV frequency band between the input signal and the local oscillator harmonics is a critical problem for direct-conversion receivers which require a harmonic rejection of over ${-}{hbox {60}}$ dBc for ATSC terrestrial and cable digital TV standards. Without calibration, harmonic rejection mixers show a rejection ratio of the third and fifth harmonics in the range of ${-}{hbox {30}}$ to ${-}{hbox {40}}$ dBc due to phase and/or gain mismatch. The implemented harmonic rejection mixer with the proposed calibration circuitry consistently achieves more than ${-}{hbox {70}}$ dBc of third harmonic rejection without degrading other performances such as gain, noise figure, linearity, and power consumption.      

一种用于电视调谐器的宽带CMOS低噪声放大器设计

介绍了一种宽带CMOS低噪声放大器设计方法,采用噪声抵消技术消除输入MOS管的噪声贡献.芯片采用TSMC 0.25μm 1P5M RF CMOS工艺实现.测试结果表明:在50～860MHz工作频率内,电压增益约为13.4dB;噪声系数在2.4～3.5dB之间;增益1dB压缩点为-6.7dBm;输入参考三阶交调点为3.3dBm.在2.5V直流电压下测得的功耗约为30mW.     

一种用于电视调谐器的宽带CMOS低噪声放大器设计

介绍了一种宽带CMOS低噪声放大器设计方法,采用噪声抵消技术消除输入MOS管的噪声贡献.芯片采用TSMC 0.25μm 1P5M RF CMOS工艺实现.测试结果表明:在50～860MHz工作频率内,电压增益约为13.4dB;噪声系数在2.4～3.5dB之间;增益1dB压缩点为-6.7dBm;输入参考三阶交调点为3.3dBm.在2.5V直流电压下测得的功耗约为30mW.     

A Highly Linear Broadband CMOS LNA Employing Noise and Distortion Cancellation

A broadband inductorless low-noise amplifier (LNA) design that utilizes simultaneous noise and distortion cancellation is presented. Concurrent cancellation of the intrinsic third-order distortion from individual stages is exhibited with the common-gate and common-source cascade. The LNA is then limited by the second-order interaction between the common source and common gate stages, which is common in all cascade amplifiers. Further removal of this third-order distortion is achieved by incorporating a second-order-distortion-free circuit technique in the common gate stage. Implemented in 0.13 m CMOS technology, this LNA achieved 16 dBm in both the 900 MHz and 2 GHz bands. Measurements demonstrate that the LNA has a minimum internal gain of 14.5 dB, noise figure of 2.6 dB from 800 MHz to 2.1GHz while drawing 11.6 mA from 1.5 V supply voltage.     

数字电视调谐器中低噪声LC VCO的设计

给出了基于0.25μm CMOS工艺的数字电视调谐芯片中宽带低噪声LC VCO的设计,通过对VCO谐振网络的优化设计,显著抑制了flick噪声对相位噪声的影响,使三个波段的VCO的相位噪声有了明显改善,文中重点讨论了中波段VCO谐振网络的设计方法并给出中波段的相位噪声的仿真和测试结果。结果显示在中波段偏移中心频率10k处的相噪能改善5~10dBc,整个中波段相位噪声低于-85dBc/Hz@10kHz,频率覆盖190~530MHz。     

电视调谐器中电阻负反馈结构的宽带低噪声放大器设计

设计了一种应用于DVB-S标准的数字电视调谐器的宽带放大器.采用电阻负反馈输入匹配结构,把交流反馈和直流偏置结合在一起,在噪声、增益和线性度方面达到了很好的性能,满足射频电视调谐器的应用需要.此低噪声放大器有约2.5 GHz的3 dB带宽,大于20 dB的电压增益,输入匹配优于-14 dB,噪声系数低于3.3 dB,IIP3在2.5 dBm之上.此LNA的输入匹配、线性度、噪声性能作了较为详细的讨论.     

A Highly Linear SAW-Less CMOS Receiver Using a Mixer With Embedded Tx Filtering for CDMA

An embedded filtering passive (EFP) mixer is used to overcome transmitter power leakage in a receiver without the use of a SAW filter. The receiver IC exhibits more than ${+}$ 60 dBm of Rx IIP$_{2}$ , 2.4 dB Rx noise figure, and ${+}$77 dB of Triple Beat (TB) with 45 MHz offset transmit leakage at 900 MHz Rx frequency while consuming only 18 mA from a 2.1 V supply. Thanks to the embedded filtering passive mixer, the proposed receiver IC shows an additional 15 dB Tx rejection compared to a conventional receiver. The additional Tx rejection improved the IIP $_{2}$ by 10 dB and TB by 30 dB. The complete receiver consists of a differential LNA employing an active post-distortion (APD), I/Q embedded filtering passive mixer, two TIAs for I/Q outputs. The fabricated receiver IC occupies 2.25 mm$^{2}$ including bonding pads, ESD devices, local oscillator (LO) input buffer, frequency divider, and mixer drivers. The receiver is fabricated using a 0.18 $mu$m CMOS process with 5 metal and 1 poly (5M1P) layer.      

A Wideband CMOS RF Front-End Using AC-Coupled Current Mirrored Technique for Multiband Multistandard Mobile TV Tuners

In this paper, a wideband CMOS radio frequency (RF) front-end for various terrestrial mobile digital TV applications such as digital video broadcasting-handheld, terrestrial digital multimedia broadcasting, and integrated services digital broadcasting-terrestrial is proposed. To cover VHF III, UHF, and L bands and reduce the silicon area simultaneously, it employs three low-noise amplifiers and single-to-differential transconductors and shares the rest of the RF front-end. By applying ac-coupled current mirrored technique, the proposed RF front-end has good wideband performance, high linearity, and precise gain control. It is fabricated in 0.18 mum CMOS process and draws 15 mA~20 mA from a 1.8 V supply voltage for each band. It shows a gain of more than 29 dB, noise figure of lower than 2.5 dB, IIP2 of more than 30 dBm, IIP3 of more than -10 dBm for entire bands.     

A 65 nm CMOS Multistandard, Multiband TV Tuner for Mobile and Multimedia Applications

This paper presents a direct conversion, multistandard TV tuner implemented on a 65 nm digital CMOS process occupying less than 7 . The tuner is compliant with several digital terrestrial, fixed and mobile TV standards, including DVB-T, DVB-H, T-DMB, and ISDB-T. It achieves a 3/3.2/3.5 dB noise figure at VHF, UHF, and L-band, respectively, while the measured sensitivity at UHF for the QPSK-frac12 DVB-T mode is at the PCB connector. The implemented RF front-ends support both single-ended and differential inputs. An integrated - fractional-N synthesizer operating from 1.2 to 1.8 GHz achieves less than 1 integrated phase error, thus enabling a maximum SNR in excess of 37 dB for VHF and UHF. Multistandard capability is also enabled by programmable channel-select filters. Power consumption is less than 140 mW in DVB-T mode for all three bands.     

A Precision CMOS Amplifier Using Floating-Gate Transistors for Offset Cancellation

A long-term offset cancellation scheme that enables continuous-time amplifier operation is described. Offset cancellation is achieved by programming floating-gate transistors that form an integral part of the amplifier's architecture. The offset voltage of a single-stage folded cascode amplifier has been programmed to a minimum of plusmn25 muV in a 0.5 mum digital CMOS process. The long-term offset voltage drift has been calculated to be less than 0.5 muV over a period of 10 years at 55degC from a thermionic emission model for floating-gate charge loss. The offset voltage varies by a maximum of 130 muV over a temperature range of 170degC, thereby making this a viable approach to offset cancellation     

一种高线性度CMOS栅压自举采样开关

分析了影响MOS采样开关性能的非理想因素,提出了一种新型的栅压自举采样开关,该结构不仅能通过稳定开关管的栅源电压消除导通电阻变化带来的影响,而且能通过虚拟管来消除电荷注入带来的影响。基于华润上华0.13 um标准数模混合工艺,采用Cadence软件对电路进行了模拟,模拟结果显示这种开关线性度高,适合应用于高速高精度模数转换器中。     

A Fully Integrated 0.13- μm CMOS Digital Low-IF DBS Satellite Tuner Using a Ring Oscillator-Based Frequency Synthesizer

A low-IF fully integrated tuner for DBS satellite TV applications has been realized in 0.13-mum CMOS. A wideband ring oscillator-based frequency synthesizer having a large frequency step was used to downconvert a cluster of channels to a sliding low-IF frequency, while the second downconversion to baseband was performed in the digital domain. Eliminating the inductors and using a small-area oscillator has reduced both the parasitic magnetic and substrate coupling, allowing single-chip integration of the sensitive tuner and the noisy digital demodulator. A significant reduction in die area was achieved by using a single oscillator to cover the entire satellite TV spectrum, while a noise attenuator was cascaded with the PLL passive loop filter to reduce the equivalent VCO tuning gain. This improves PLL noise and spur performance and allows the on-chip integration of the loop filter. The digital low-IF tuner allows the use of a discrete step AGC loop that results in lower noise figure and higher linearity. Automatic signal path gain and bandwidth digital calibration was realized using replica ring oscillators. Tuner specifications include: 90 dB gain range, 10 dB noise figure at max gain, +25dBm IIP3 at min gain, 1.3deg rms integrated phase noise, <-50dBc spurs, 0.5-W power consumption from dual 1.8/3.3-V supplies, and 1.8times1.2 mm² die area     

A Novel IP3 Boosting Technique Using Feedforward Distortion Cancellation Method for 5 GHz CMOS LNA

Low noise amplifier (LNA) in many wireless and wireline communication systems must have low noise, sufficient gain and high linearity performance. This paper presents a novel IP3 boosting technique using Feedforward Distortion Cancellation (FDC) method, that is, use an additional path to generate distortion and then cancel with the original LNA's distortion at its output. Through this technique, the IIP3 of LNA can be boosted from about 0 dBm, which is reported in most public literature to date, to +21 dBm, which is firstly reported to this day, with negligible noise degradation.