基于平板型导光板的太阳能聚光系统

针对传统线性聚光系统聚光光斑辐照度不均匀的问题,提出了一种由曲面线聚焦菲涅耳聚光器阵列及平板型导光板所组成的、系统高度小于40mm的小体积聚光系统方案,建立了曲面线聚焦菲涅耳透镜的一般方程,给出导光板V形槽设计公式,并采用正交试验法和光学仿真实验对聚光器系统的各项结构参数进行优化设计,同时分析了曲面线聚焦菲涅耳的加工误差及导光板安装偏角误差的影响。结果表明:优化后系统在采光面积500mm×200mm、聚光比50倍时,聚光效率可达75%,聚焦光斑均匀性优于88%,且入射太阳光偏角在±7°内聚光效率大于50%。通过拼接可获得不同聚光倍数系统,由仿真实验得出在160倍聚光比内,效率高于50%,均匀性优于85%。     

Anisotropic aberrations in planar waveguide lenses

An approximate analysis of anisotropic aberrations in waveguides lenses on lithium niobate is presented. The causes of anisotropic aberrations are discussed. Anisotropic aberrations of a single refracting surface are studied and a general expression for an optical system consisting of m surfaces is derived. Numerical examples provided illustrate the anisotropic aberrations in various spherical aberration-corrected waveguide lenses     

磁浸没透镜的宽束曲轴像差理论

本文采用宽束曲轴电子光学理论,研究了磁浸没透镜的电子光学特性,得出了主轨迹方程和曲近轴轨迹方程,并利用数学软件Mathematica推导出了其全部二级像差系数.针对轴上磁场分布具有解析表达式的磁浸没透镜,文中还计算了它的曲轴二级像差,并给出了其孔径像差的弥散图形情况,从而得出了磁浸没透镜的特殊的电子光学像差特性.     

圆锥曲面Fresnel透镜数值设计方法

Fresnel透镜是最常见的太阳能聚光镜之一,曲面Fresnel透镜通常比平面Fresnel透镜具有更加优越的性能。基于非成像光学理论,提出了一种新型曲面Fresnel透镜的设计方法。曲面Fresnel透镜采用圆锥曲面基底,在满足Fresnel透镜机械参数要求的前提下,实现Fresnel透镜第二工作面面型的求解。基于可加工性的要求,利用该方法设计了不同形状的曲面Fresnel透镜,通过光学仿真分析了曲面Fresnel透镜的结构参数对聚光镜会聚比、容忍角、光照均匀性的影响,并分析了超精密加工条件下,由于加工误差对光学效率的影响。该设计方法为参数化曲面Fresnel透镜的分析提供了一种新的途径。仿真结果表明,具有小深宽比的曲面Fresnel透镜具有更好的均匀性和更高的能量利用率。     

二元光学衍射透镜波象差分析

通过对衍射透镜一级衍射象的波象差分析,由比较系数方法导出其赛得和数.     

高斯光束通过两种球差透镜的聚焦特性比较

通过研究,比较了高斯光束通过两种不同球差透镜的聚焦特性。研究表明,高斯光束通过球差透镜的聚焦特性由球差透镜的类型、球差大小和光束的菲涅耳数共同决定。不同的球差透镜要实现无焦移聚焦和越过焦点的聚焦的条件是不同的。     

Variational aberration theory for magnetic deflection systems with curved axes at extra-large angles

Variational deflection aberration theory has been further developed for deflection systems with curved axes at extra-large deflection angles (up to 120/spl deg/). The variational method allows us to calculate second- and third-order deflection aberrations with respect to a curved axis by means of gradient operations on eikonal (the function of optical length). All second- and third-order deflection aberrations have been explicitly expressed in compact and appropriate formulae suitable for computer computations. It is to be expected that the variational deflection aberration theory may be useful in designing high-quality magnetic deflection systems for high-deflection television color picture tubes.<>     

非球面齐明透镜的设计

鉴于过去文献只对非球面消球差透镜做了分析,根据初级像差理论给出了非球面齐明透镜(同时消球差和彗差)初始结构的求解方法,包括非球面齐明单透镜和非球面齐明双透镜的求解方法;并利用Zemax光学设计软件验证了这种求解方法的正确性.通过大量的计算给出了各种关系曲线,并分析了相对口径与透镜球差的变化关系,这些分析对光学系统的设计都是有益的.     

Transmission Bandwidth of a Lens Waveguide with a Curved Axis

In a lens waveguide with a curved axis, light beams appreciably different in frequency split and take different paths due to the effect of chromatic aberration of lens. The deviation from a main beam can grow cumulatively through the curved lens waveguide. This effect knits permissible bandwidth to be transmitted without loss of beams. For bends having tilts and offsets at the connections to the straight waveguides, the deviation of the light beam from the guide axis due to the effect of chromatic aberration is derived. With random circular bends the bandwidth is inversely proportional to the square root of the number of bends and proportional to the average radius of curvature. For a normal design of the curved waveguide the allowable bandwidth is expected to be sufficiently broad for signal transmission, but it is narrow in the sense of optical frequency.     

Ion-milled waveguide lenses and lens arrays in GaAs

The authors discuss ion-milled planar waveguide lenses in GaAs which exhibit a considerably higher efficiency than that previously reported for those lenses and near diffraction-limited spot size. The authors also report the performance characteristics of these latest lenses, including single lenses and lens array of analog Fresnel, chirp grating, and hybrid types as well as a collimation-Fourier transformation lens-pair, together with the detailed design and fabrication procedures. A simple theoretical model for the lens efficiency is also formulated to assist in the lens design. Ion milling has been shown to be a simple and versatile technique for fabrication of waveguide lenses in GaAs and applicable to any other substrate material. Such ion-milled waveguide lenses should facilitate realization of a variety of monolithically integrated optic device modules and circuits in GaAs and other related substrates with applications to communications, signal processing, and computing     

全息波导技术在眼跟踪系统中的应用研究

目前大多数眼跟踪器体积大、质量重,影响人机工效.采用全息波导技术解决这一问题,将全息波导元件应用于眼跟踪系统,设计了一个全息波导眼跟踪光学系统,探测眼部红外图像.介绍了基本设计原理、分析了光学系统像差校正及眼部照明方法.仿真计算结果表明,该红外探测眼跟踪光学系统像差小,可以较好地成像在红外CCD相机感光面上,使探测到的...     

Stability of a light beam in a beam waveguide

Long-distance, high-capacity transmission using a light beam in a beam waveguide is an attractive project for optical communications. However, the transmission of energy in the form of a beam gives rise to a new problem, that is, the stability of a sharp beam. In this paper, the stability problems of a Gaussian beam in a beam waveguide are presented. The deflection and the spot-size variation of a beam in the waveguide with known imperfections, such as transverse displacements of lenses, variation in focal length, and so on, are studied. If the transverse displacements of the lenses are periodic in space, instability of the beam path may occur. The unstable condition is derived. The variation of the spot size at the lenses is obtained in terms of small perturbations of the ideal waveguide. If the incident beam from a laser is not matched to the mode of the waveguide, the spot size at the lenses varies periodically. Statistical results for the models of a waveguide with random lenses, having random transverse position, random spacing, and random focal length, are also given.     

Integration of optical interconnects and optoelectronic elements on wafer-scale

The UV-reaction molding technology enabling for the fabrication of microoptical elements with rectangular, triangular or circular cross-sections (waveguides, prisms, lenses) in optical polymers is described. Multimode waveguide optical interconnects, coupling prisms and holding structures for fibers can be fabricated in one step. A three-dimensional monomode waveguide interconnection module is presented. Stability tests of the microoptical elements are reported.     

Analysis of propagation characteristics of whispering gallery modes in a dielectric disk or a curved rectangular dielectric waveguide

The finite-element method is applied to the analysis of whispering gallery modes in curved optical waveguides. Numerical examples for whispering gallery modes in a dielectric disk with rough boundaries are given. It is demonstrated that the whispering gallery modes and the normal guided modes in a curved rectangular dielectric waveguide are analyzed consistently with this approach, and that the normal guided mode approaches the whispering gallery mode with the increase of waveguide width. The minimum width of the rectangular waveguide needed to support a whispering gallery mode is evaluated.<>     

Semiconductor laser with regrown-lens-train unstable resonator:theory and design

The authors derive the geometrical optical properties of the fundamental mode of the unstable resonator consisting of a train of weak cylindrical lenses and obtain expressions for the effective distributed loss and the increase in threshold current due to the beam expansion. These properties are the same as for the continuous unstable resonator with a quadratic lateral variation of the index of refraction, to a very good approximation. The wave aberration introduced by passage through the lenses and through the output facet is not severe for stripe widths up to 170 μm. The authors discuss the rationale for selecting a specific transverse structure for the regrown-lens-train laser and present the results of calculations of the waveguide modes and values of the effective index of refraction     

椭圆高斯光束的衍射和象差

从惠更斯－菲涅耳原理出发,采用数值积分方法分析了会聚椭圆高斯光束焦点附近的三维光分布状态,讨论了按照均匀光波球差最佳校正形式对椭圆高斯光束进行象差平衡时的中心点亮度变化,研究表明,在工程实际中,采用普通光学系统的象差平衡理论对半导体激光光学系统进行设计是完全可行的。     

Splicing losses between dissimilar optical waveguides

A simple computational formalism has been derived for the analysis of splicing and return losses between different optical waveguides. It has been found that the splicing loss can be approximated by the overlap integral method as long as total reflectance is negligible. The reciprocity of splicing loss between two single-mode waveguide is theoretically confirmed while return loss is found nonreciprocal. The return loss can be tolerably approximated by simple Fresnel formula except near the resonance. When close to the resonance, the deviation from Fresnel approximation is found to be strongly dependent on the structure of the waveguide and the refractive index difference between the core and clad     

A new guided-wave lens structure

A guided-wave lens is reported. The present lens structure is realized by embedding a low-index lens-shaped waveguide region in a surrounding higher-index planar waveguide. Very large index differences between the lens region and host waveguide are realizable using this technique, making it possible to fabricate low f-number lenses with low spherical aberration. The lens exhibits excellent off-axis performance, low chromatic aberration, and high polarization independence. A prototype f/2 lens in a GaAs/Ga_0.97Al_0.03As waveguide has been designed and fabricated using Corning 7059 glass and SiO₂ for the lens waveguide structure     

小型化同心反射式手机镜头设计

基于现代社会对手机镜头高像素、小型化的要求,基于同心透镜原理设计了同心反射式手机镜头。通过光路计算,求解了系统的球差表达式,进一步获得了系统的初始结构。利用光学设计软件设计了光学系统,镜头采用像元大小为1.25 μm的曲面传感器,光学系统的F数为1.8,焦距为2.7 mm,最大全视场角为100°,系统总长为2.7 mm。设计结果表明,在空间截止频率400 lp/mm处,0.7视场的调制传递函数均大于0.34,全视场的调制传递函数均大于0.23,各视场的弥散斑半径均小于艾里斑。在全视场内,相对照度高于0.64,该设计满足手机镜头成像要求。     

Length minimization in integrated optical circuits incorporatingdirectional couplers and curved sections

An analysis is presented that describes minimization of overall channel waveguide length in integrated optical circuits incorporating directional couplers and curved sections. Calculations are presented for LiNbO₃, GaAlAs, and SiO₂-Si based optical channel waveguides. The results demonstrate the presence of a minimum total length corresponding to a particular degree of field confinement. The value of overall length at the minimum is shown to be significantly lower than that for other values of field confinement allowing single-mode operation