感知区分服务的MPLS流量工程技术研究

区分服务（Diffsevr）通过服务分级定义了流量的逐跳行为（PHB）；流量工程（Traffic Engnineering）实现转发路径的优化。感知区分服务的MPLS流量工程（Diffsevr-aware MPLS Traffic Engnineering，简称DS-TE）将MPLS的区分服务与流量工程结合在一起，使其能够感知彼此的存在。DS-TE提出了基于类的资源分配思想，可以根据业务的类型，细粒度地建立交换路径，进一步保证了QoS。     

Diffserv-aware流量工程在MPLS中的应用

在多协议标签交换(MPLS)网络中,区分服务(Diffserv)对流量进行分类,为各种流量指定逐跳行为(PHB);流量工程(Traffic Engineering)实现转发路径的优化。感知区分服务的MPLS流量工程(DS-TE)将两者结合在一起,使其能够感知彼此的存在。DS-TE提出了基于类的资源分配思想,可以根据业务的类型,细粒度地建立交换路径,进一步保证了服务质量( QoS)。     

基于区分服务感知的MPLS网络流量分配方法

服务质量（Qos）和流量工程（TE）是在当今网络中提供实时应用业务的两种重要技术。多协议标记交换（MPLS）在IP网Qos提供和TE功能实现中起了关键作用。首先介绍了区分服务感知的流量工程（DS-TE），然后提出了一种基于DS-TE的网络流量分配新方法。给出了相关的数学模型，并进行了相应的仿真，仿真结果表明使用该方法实施DS-TE时，在满足不同业务的QoS同时能较好地均衡网络负荷。     

感知区分服务的MPLS流量工程技术研究

区分服务(Diffsevr)通过服务分级定义了流量的逐跳行为(PHB);流量工程(Traffic Engnineering)实现转发路径的优化。感知区分服务的MPLS流量工程(Diffsevr-aware MPLS Traffic Engnineering,简称DS-TE)将MPLS的区分服务与流量工程结合在一起,使其能够感知彼此的存在。DS-TE提出了基于类的资源分配思想,可以根据业务的类型,细粒度地建立交换路径,进一步保证了QoS。     

MPLS网络带宽配置的Hose模型及优化算法

服务质量(QoS)和流量工程(TE)是在当前网络中提供实时应用业务的两项重要技术.多协议标记交换(MPLS)在IP网QoS提供和TE实现中起了关键作用.本文首先介绍了Hose模型,分析了MPLS网采用该模型提供多种VPN业务的流量工程问题,提出了MPLS网采用该模型提供多种VPN业务的最优带宽配置算法,给出了相关的优化模型和实例,实例优化结果表明该方法能在确保业务的QoS要求并且网络开销增加较少的情况下,有效地均衡网络负荷.     

基于MPLS的区分服务技术实现VPN

传统的Internet只提供尽力传送服务，但这种没有任何保证，不可预测的服务已经不能满足许多应用的需要，如何在公网上架构支持QoS的VPN具有重要的现实意义。本简单介绍了区分服务和MPLS的基本技术框架，重在探讨如何实现DiffServ/MPLS的虚拟私有网络。     

未来IP QoS的选择:MPLS与区分服务结合

本文首先简要描述了区分服务和MPLS网络。在此基础上,详细分析了区分服务MPLS网络的体系结构框架和区分服务LSR的内部结构、区分服务LSR的标签转发模型、两种支持区分服务功能的LSP及对信令系统的扩展。最后,分析比较了两种实现方案。     

爱立信IP业务方案介绍

随着电信基础设施融合的全面开展,各电信运行商也日益关注IP承载网所面临的技术挑战和基于IP协议的解决方案。本文介绍了爱立信的包交换骨干网(PBN)中的MPLS VPN、MPLS DS-TE和IPv6等技术所提供的端到端多业务骨干网的解决方案。     

未来IP QoS的选择：MPLS与区分服务结合

本文首先简要描述了区分服务和MPLS网络。在此基础上，详细分析了区分服务MPLS网络的体系结构框架和区分服务LSP的内部结构、区分服务LSR的标签转发模型、两种支持区分服务功能的LSP及对信令系统的扩展，最后，分析比较了两种实现方案。     

基于MPLS的区分服务技术实现VPN

传统的Internet只提供尽力传送服务,但这种没有任何保证,不可预测的服务已经不能满足许多应用的需要,如何在公网上架构支持QoS的VPN具有重要的现实意义。本文简单介绍了区分服务和MPLS的基本技术框架,重在探讨如何实现DiffServ/MPLS的虚拟私有网络。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.